Mariana Verdolin Guilherme Froeseler

Estresse e Coping de Árbitros de Futebol no Teste Físico FIFA

Arbitros de futebol parecem sofrer o impacto do estresse em sua atuacao, especialmente em situacoes definidoras de seu sucesso profissional, como o teste de Avaliacao Fisica FIFA, que determina a aptidao fisica para atuacao em campeonatos estaduais e nacionais. Estrategias de coping determinam a percepcao de situacoes estressoras, e consequentemente, a forma de enfrentamento das mesmas. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar diferencas em coping e estresse negativo em uma amostra de arbitros atuantes em campeonatos estaduais e nacionais (Federacao Mineira de Futebol – FMF; e Confederacao Brasileira de Futebol – CBF, respectivamente). 42 arbitros da FMF e 17 da CBF responderam a Escala de Estresse Percebido, que avalia estresse negativo ( distress ) e coping , antes e apos o teste fisico FIFA. Na avaliacao pre-teste, verificou-se que os arbitros da CBF apresentaram historico de mais testes fisicos, treinos por semana, anos de experiencia, alem de escores mais altos em coping (p<0,05). Quando controladas as diferencas iniciais, arbitros CBF e FMF nao diferiram significativamente em coping e distress no pos-teste fisico. Diante da confirmacao parcial das hipoteses, sugere-se a conducao de novas pesquisas na area que incluam a avaliacao do tipo de estrategia de coping utilizado e caracteristicas de personalidade dos arbitros.Soccer referees seem to feel the impact of stress in their performance, especially in situations that define their success at soccer, such as the FIFA Fitness Test, which determines the physical aptitude of the professional to perform in state and national tournaments. Coping strategies determine the perception of stressful situations and the consequent way of facing them. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the FIFA Fitness Test on the stress and coping levels of soccer referees, which perform at the state and at the national level (FMF – Soccer Federation of Minas Gerais; and CBF – Brazilian Soccer Federation, respectively). 42 referees of FMF and 17 of CBF answered to The Perceived Stress Scale, which assess distress and coping, before and after the FIFA Test. At the pre-test, the CBF referees showed a major number of physical tests, weekly trainings and years of experience, and higher coping (p < 0,05). Controlling for initial differences, CBF and FMF referees were not significantly different on coping and distress after the test. Given the partial confirmation of the hypothesis, it is suggested to conduct further research in the area that includes the evaluation of the type of coping strategy used and personality characteristics.

Stress and Coping of Soccer Referees in the FIFA Physical Test

Arbitros de futebol parecem sofrer o impacto do estresse em sua atuacao, especialmente em situacoes definidoras de seu sucesso profissional, como o teste de Avaliacao Fisica FIFA, que determina a aptidao fisica para atuacao em campeonatos estaduais e nacionais. Estrategias de coping determinam a percepcao de situacoes estressoras, e consequentemente, a forma de enfrentamento das mesmas. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar diferencas em coping e estresse negativo em uma amostra de arbitros atuantes em campeonatos estaduais e nacionais (Federacao Mineira de Futebol – FMF; e Confederacao Brasileira de Futebol – CBF, respectivamente). 42 arbitros da FMF e 17 da CBF responderam a Escala de Estresse Percebido, que avalia estresse negativo ( distress ) e coping , antes e apos o teste fisico FIFA. Na avaliacao pre-teste, verificou-se que os arbitros da CBF apresentaram historico de mais testes fisicos, treinos por semana, anos de experiencia, alem de escores mais altos em coping (p<0,05). Quando controladas as diferencas iniciais, arbitros CBF e FMF nao diferiram significativamente em coping e distress no pos-teste fisico. Diante da confirmacao parcial das hipoteses, sugere-se a conducao de novas pesquisas na area que incluam a avaliacao do tipo de estrategia de coping utilizado e caracteristicas de personalidade dos arbitros.Soccer referees seem to feel the impact of stress in their performance, especially in situations that define their success at soccer, such as the FIFA Fitness Test, which determines the physical aptitude of the professional to perform in state and national tournaments. Coping strategies determine the perception of stressful situations and the consequent way of facing them. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the FIFA Fitness Test on the stress and coping levels of soccer referees, which perform at the state and at the national level (FMF – Soccer Federation of Minas Gerais; and CBF – Brazilian Soccer Federation, respectively). 42 referees of FMF and 17 of CBF answered to The Perceived Stress Scale, which assess distress and coping, before and after the FIFA Test. At the pre-test, the CBF referees showed a major number of physical tests, weekly trainings and years of experience, and higher coping (p < 0,05). Controlling for initial differences, CBF and FMF referees were not significantly different on coping and distress after the test. Given the partial confirmation of the hypothesis, it is suggested to conduct further research in the area that includes the evaluation of the type of coping strategy used and personality characteristics.

Estrés y Coping de Árbitros de Fútbol en la Prueba Física FIFA

Arbitros de futebol parecem sofrer o impacto do estresse em sua atuacao, especialmente em situacoes definidoras de seu sucesso profissional, como o teste de Avaliacao Fisica FIFA, que determina a aptidao fisica para atuacao em campeonatos estaduais e nacionais. Estrategias de coping determinam a percepcao de situacoes estressoras, e consequentemente, a forma de enfrentamento das mesmas. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar diferencas em coping e estresse negativo em uma amostra de arbitros atuantes em campeonatos estaduais e nacionais (Federacao Mineira de Futebol – FMF; e Confederacao Brasileira de Futebol – CBF, respectivamente). 42 arbitros da FMF e 17 da CBF responderam a Escala de Estresse Percebido, que avalia estresse negativo ( distress ) e coping , antes e apos o teste fisico FIFA. Na avaliacao pre-teste, verificou-se que os arbitros da CBF apresentaram historico de mais testes fisicos, treinos por semana, anos de experiencia, alem de escores mais altos em coping (p<0,05). Quando controladas as diferencas iniciais, arbitros CBF e FMF nao diferiram significativamente em coping e distress no pos-teste fisico. Diante da confirmacao parcial das hipoteses, sugere-se a conducao de novas pesquisas na area que incluam a avaliacao do tipo de estrategia de coping utilizado e caracteristicas de personalidade dos arbitros.Soccer referees seem to feel the impact of stress in their performance, especially in situations that define their success at soccer, such as the FIFA Fitness Test, which determines the physical aptitude of the professional to perform in state and national tournaments. Coping strategies determine the perception of stressful situations and the consequent way of facing them. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the FIFA Fitness Test on the stress and coping levels of soccer referees, which perform at the state and at the national level (FMF – Soccer Federation of Minas Gerais; and CBF – Brazilian Soccer Federation, respectively). 42 referees of FMF and 17 of CBF answered to The Perceived Stress Scale, which assess distress and coping, before and after the FIFA Test. At the pre-test, the CBF referees showed a major number of physical tests, weekly trainings and years of experience, and higher coping (p < 0,05). Controlling for initial differences, CBF and FMF referees were not significantly different on coping and distress after the test. Given the partial confirmation of the hypothesis, it is suggested to conduct further research in the area that includes the evaluation of the type of coping strategy used and personality characteristics.

Instrumentos para avaliação de pensamentos automáticos: uma revisão narrativa

The aim of this study was to conduct a narrative review of the available instruments to evaluate automatic thoughts. Automatic thoughts are a fundamental element of Beck’s cognitive model, these thoughts are fast and spontaneous cognitions that act in the border of conscience, influencing the way that we interpret and react to the situations. Many studies have demonstrated the importance of these cognitions in the comprehension of different psychopathologies and also psychological well-being of children, adolescents and adults. However, the Brazilian context presents an absence of original instruments to systematically evaluate automatic thoughts and a scarceness of studies in the area. The review was conducted in different bases, using specific criteria on the research and in the inclusion of the articles. Twenty-three original instruments were identified, and eight transcultural adaptations. Among those instruments, a fewer number was designed to evaluate children, adolescents and positive automatic thoughts. In the Brazilian context, only one article of a transcultural adaptation was found. These results suggest gaps in the systematic evaluation of automatic thoughts and indicate the need for development of automatic thoughts measurement system suitable for the Brazilian reality.