Mariano Martinez Espinosa

Ethnopharmacology of medicinal plants of the pantanal region (mato grosso, Brazil).

Traditional knowledge is an important source of obtaining new phytotherapeutic agents. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants was conducted in Nossa Senhora Aparecida do Chumbo District (NSACD), located in Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil using semi-structured questionnaires and interviews. 376 species of medicinal plants belonging to 285 genera and 102 families were cited. Fabaceae (10.2%), Asteraceae (7.82%) and Lamaceae (4.89%) families are of greater importance. Species with the greater relative importance were Himatanthus obovatus (1.87), Hibiscus sabdariffa (1.87), Solidago microglossa (1.80), Strychnos pseudoquina (1.73) and Dorstenia brasiliensis, Scoparia dulcis L., and Luehea divaricata (1.50). The informant consensus factor (ICF) ranged from 0.13 to 0.78 encompassing 18 disease categories,of which 15 had ICF greater than 0.50, with a predominance of disease categories related to injuries, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (ICF  =  0.78) having 65 species cited while 20 species were cited for mental and behavioral disorders (ICF  =  0.77). The results show that knowledge about medicinal plants is evenly distributed among the population of NSACD. This population possesses medicinal plants for most disease categories, with the highest concordance for prenatal, mental/behavioral and respiratory problems.

Levantamento etnobotânico de plantas popularmente utilizadas como antiúlceras e antiinflamatórias pela comunidade de Pirizal, Nossa Senhora do Livramento-MT, Brasil

An ethnobotanical survey was conduced to study the vegetal species from Pantanal, in the district of Pirizal-MT, popularly used as anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer. Ethnobotanical data were collected through open interviews and ethnopharmacology questionnaire with 38 local informers, in the age group of 25 to 75 years old. The local name, the part normally used, the mode of preparation and the administration route were asked to them. A bibliographic review of the plants most cited in the study was carried out using the conventional databases. A total of 49 species were cited belonging to 47 genera and 32 families, with emphasizing the Fabaceae family. The plants most cited were Lafoensia pacari St. Hil (9.2%), Hyptis crenata Pohl (8.8%), Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit (6.7%), Stachytarpheta cayenensis (L.C.Rich) Vahl (5.8%), Waltheria indica L. (5%), Strychnos pseudoquina St.Hil (4.2%) and Vatairea macrocarpa (Benth.) Ducke (3.3%). The part of the plant most cited was the leaf (57.1%), the most used administration route in the treatment of ulcers was oral (100%), in the form of teas (75%), while in the inflammations, topical baths were preferentially used (60%). The literature review indicated the need for further chemical-pharmacological studies on Vatairea macrocarpa (Benth.) Ducke and Hyptis crenata Pohl.

Viability of fibroblasts cultured under nutritional stress irradiated with red laser, infrared laser, and red light-emitting diode.

Phototherapy is noninvasive, painless and has no known side effect. However, for its incorporation into clinical practice, more well-designed studies are necessary to define optimal parameters for its application. The viability of fibroblasts cultured under nutritional stress irradiated with either a red laser, an infrared laser, or a red light-emitting diode (LED) was analyzed. Irradiation parameters were: red laser (660 nm, 40 mW, 1 W/cm(2)), infrared laser (780 nm, 40 mW, 1 W/cm(2)), and red LED (637 ± 15 nm, 40 mW, 1 W/cm(2)). All applications were punctual and performed with a spot with 0.4 mm(2) of diameter for 4 or 8 s. The Kruskal-Wallis test and analysis of variance of the general linear model (p ≤ 0.05) were used for statistical analysis. After 72 h, phototherapy with low-intensity laser and LED showed no toxicity at the cellular level. It even stimulated methylthiazol tetrazolium assay (MTT) conversion and neutral red uptake of fibroblasts cultured under nutritional stress, especially in the group irradiated with infrared laser (p = 0.004 for MTT conversion and p < 0.001 for neutral red uptake). Considering the parameters and protocol of phototherapy used, it can be concluded that phototherapy stimulated the viability of fibroblasts cultured under nutritional deficit resembling those found in traumatized tissue in which cell viability is reduced.

Taking care of children with cancer: evaluation of the caregivers' burden and quality of life

El cancer es una enfermedad de alta incidencia entre ninos, los que necesitan de un cuidador durante el tratamiento. Se tuvo por objetivo evaluar la sobrecarga de cuidado y la calidad de vida (CV) de los cuidadores de ninos/adolescentes portadores de cancer durante el tratamiento quimioterapico, y relacionarlas entre si y a los datos sociodemograficos, y a la presencia y grado de senales de depresion. Se trata de un estudio transversal, con 32 cuidadores. Fueron recolectados datos sociodemograficos, sobrecarga de cuidado (Caregiver Burden Scale) y de CV a traves del SF-36. El 87,5% de los cuidadores eran madres, la edad promedio fue 35 anos, el puntaje general de sobrecarga fue 1,92±0,09 y los puntajes del SF-36 mas comprometidos fueron: aspectos emocionales (59,3), vitalidad (60,0) y dolor (60,9). Se encontro correlacion significativa entre sobrecarga, salud mental y vitalidad. Concluimos que los cuidadores presentaron sobrecarga de cuidado y aspectos de CV comprometidos y posiblemente necesitan de intervenciones que promuevan el bienestar fisico, el social y el emocional, para disminuir la sobrecarga y mejorar la CV, y asi consecuentemente mejorar la asistencia.El cancer es una enfermedad de alta incidencia entre ninos, los que necesitan de un cuidador durante el tratamiento. Se tuvo por objetivo evaluar la sobrecarga de cuidado y la calidad de vida (CV) de los cuidadores de ninos/adolescentes portadores de cancer durante el tratamiento quimioterapico, y relacionarlas entre si y a los datos sociodemograficos, y a la presencia y grado de senales de depresion. Se trata de un estudio transversal, con 32 cuidadores. Fueron recolectados datos sociodemograficos, sobrecarga de cuidado (Caregiver Burden Scale) y de CV a traves del SF-36. El 87,5% de los cuidadores eran madres, la edad promedio fue 35 anos, el puntaje general de sobrecarga fue 1,92±0,09 y los puntajes del SF-36 mas comprometidos fueron: aspectos emocionales (59,3), vitalidad (60,0) y dolor (60,9). Se encontro correlacion significativa entre sobrecarga, salud mental y vitalidad. Concluimos que los cuidadores presentaron sobrecarga de cuidado y aspectos de CV comprometidos y posiblemente necesitan de intervenciones que promuevan el bienestar fisico, el social y el emocional, para disminuir la sobrecarga y mejorar la CV, y asi consecuentemente mejorar la asistencia.

Sobrecarga e qualidade de vida de cuidadores de criança e adolescentes com câncer em tratamento quimioterápico

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the burden of care and quality of life (QOL) of caregivers of children/adolescents with cancer during chemotherapy treatment, and to relate them to each other and sociodemographic data. METHODS: A transversal study, with 160 caregivers. We collected sociodemographic data, burden of care using the Caregiver Burden Scale and QOL using the SF-36. RESULTS: 88.7% of caregivers were mothers, with the mean age of 34.9 years, overall burden score 2.09 ± 0.04 and the SF-36 scores most compromised were: emotional aspects, vitality, mental health and physical aspects. The regression model accounted for 36.0% of the burden. CONCLUSION: The QOL of caregivers and burden of care experienced showed compromise in various domains, and these alterations may affect the quality of care provided to children and adolescents, and lead to imbalances in their own health.

Prevalência e fatores associados à hipertensão arterial em idosos de municípios da Amazônia Legal, MT

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as caracteristicas epidemiologicas da hipertensao arterial e os fatores associados na populacao idosa residente nos municipios da Amazonia Legal no Estado de Mato Grosso - Alta Floresta, Sinop, Sorriso e Diamantino. Trata-se de estudo transversal, de base populacional, realizado por meio de inquerito domiciliar com 312 idosos. A amostra da pesquisa foi obtida por amostragem complexa. Consideraram-se hipertensos aqueles que apresentaram pressao arterial >140/90mmHg e/ou que referiram uso de medicacao anti-hipertensiva. A analise de regressao de Poisson foi utilizada para testar a associacao entre a hipertensao e as variaveis independentes. A prevalencia da hipertensao foi de 67,4%. As variaveis associadas a hipertensao nos homens foram situacao conjugal (p=0,012) e indice de massa corporal (p=0,025). Ja entre as mulheres, foram faixa etaria (p=0,026), tabagismo (p=0,030) e indice de massa corporal (p=0,034). Entre os idosos, observou-se que 78,3% tinham conhecimento de sua condicao de hipertenso; destes, 97,7% estavam em tratamento. Entre os que estavam em tratamento, apenas 43,7% apresentavam sua pressao arterial controlada. A alta prevalencia da hipertensao, a associacao a fatores de risco cardiovascular, assim como o baixo percentual de idosos com pressao arterial controlada, reforcam a necessidade de implementar politicas publicas, visando a acoes de prevencao, controle e promocao da saude da populacao idosa.

Burden and quality of life of caregivers of children and adolescents with chemotherapy treatment for cancer

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the burden of care and quality of life (QOL) of caregivers of children/adolescents with cancer during chemotherapy treatment, and to relate them to each other and sociodemographic data. METHODS: A transversal study, with 160 caregivers. We collected sociodemographic data, burden of care using the Caregiver Burden Scale and QOL using the SF-36. RESULTS: 88.7% of caregivers were mothers, with the mean age of 34.9 years, overall burden score 2.09 ± 0.04 and the SF-36 scores most compromised were: emotional aspects, vitality, mental health and physical aspects. The regression model accounted for 36.0% of the burden. CONCLUSION: The QOL of caregivers and burden of care experienced showed compromise in various domains, and these alterations may affect the quality of care provided to children and adolescents, and lead to imbalances in their own health.

Qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de doença inflamatória intestinal

OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la calidad de vida (CV) de portadores de enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales (EII) y relacionar datos sociodemograficos y morbidos a la CV. METODOS: Se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado con 103 portadores de EII, registrados en la farmacia de alto costo de Cuiaba - Mato Grosso que respondieron a la Historia Clinica-Patron, al cuestionario de CV general SF36 y al especifico IBDQ. RESULTADOS: De los 103 pacientes con EII, 62 tenian rectocolitis ulcerosa idiopatica y 41 enfermedad de Crohn; 62% eran mujeres; 69,9%, casados; 48,5%, pardos; 49,5%, fumadores, 37,9% necesitaron de cirugia y 40,8% presentaban la enfermedad en actividad. Fue observada una alteracion significativa de la CV en hombres, fumadores y en aquellos con la enfermedad en actividad. CONCLUSION: Las EII afectan la CV en diversos aspectos. Para la manutencion de la CV, deben ser considerados el soporte psicologico, social y educacional de los portadores de EII.

The role of the folic acid to the prevention of orofacial cleft: an epidemiological study.

BACKGROUND Orofacial clefts (OFCs) have complex and multifactorial etiologies. Periconceptional folic acid supplementation can significantly reduce the risk of OFC. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of folate and other factors in preventing OFC by analyzing the health and socio-demographic data collected from a population sample. METHODS Retrospective case-control study in which mothers with children with or without OFC were evaluated for the following main parameters: nutritional factors, socio-demographic characteristics, pregnancy and family history, use of folate, and counseling by healthcare professionals. RESULTS Socio-epidemiological analysis of the 80 participants, 40 in the case group and 40 in the control group, found a significant impact on the risk of OFC related to economic and educational status. The mothers who had a diet rich in vegetables and white meat had a lower risk of having children with OFC. A short interval between pregnancies, subsequent pregnancy while still breastfeeding, and family history also increased risk of OFC. CONCLUSIONS Limited family planning, diet low in folate, and inadequate use of folate during the periconceptional period and during the first trimester of pregnancy were demonstrated a potential correlation with a high incidence of OFC in this study.

Cuidando da criança com câncer: avaliação da sobrecarga e qualidade de vida dos cuidadores

El cancer es una enfermedad de alta incidencia entre ninos, los que necesitan de un cuidador durante el tratamiento. Se tuvo por objetivo evaluar la sobrecarga de cuidado y la calidad de vida (CV) de los cuidadores de ninos/adolescentes portadores de cancer durante el tratamiento quimioterapico, y relacionarlas entre si y a los datos sociodemograficos, y a la presencia y grado de senales de depresion. Se trata de un estudio transversal, con 32 cuidadores. Fueron recolectados datos sociodemograficos, sobrecarga de cuidado (Caregiver Burden Scale) y de CV a traves del SF-36. El 87,5% de los cuidadores eran madres, la edad promedio fue 35 anos, el puntaje general de sobrecarga fue 1,92±0,09 y los puntajes del SF-36 mas comprometidos fueron: aspectos emocionales (59,3), vitalidad (60,0) y dolor (60,9). Se encontro correlacion significativa entre sobrecarga, salud mental y vitalidad. Concluimos que los cuidadores presentaron sobrecarga de cuidado y aspectos de CV comprometidos y posiblemente necesitan de intervenciones que promuevan el bienestar fisico, el social y el emocional, para disminuir la sobrecarga y mejorar la CV, y asi consecuentemente mejorar la asistencia.El cancer es una enfermedad de alta incidencia entre ninos, los que necesitan de un cuidador durante el tratamiento. Se tuvo por objetivo evaluar la sobrecarga de cuidado y la calidad de vida (CV) de los cuidadores de ninos/adolescentes portadores de cancer durante el tratamiento quimioterapico, y relacionarlas entre si y a los datos sociodemograficos, y a la presencia y grado de senales de depresion. Se trata de un estudio transversal, con 32 cuidadores. Fueron recolectados datos sociodemograficos, sobrecarga de cuidado (Caregiver Burden Scale) y de CV a traves del SF-36. El 87,5% de los cuidadores eran madres, la edad promedio fue 35 anos, el puntaje general de sobrecarga fue 1,92±0,09 y los puntajes del SF-36 mas comprometidos fueron: aspectos emocionales (59,3), vitalidad (60,0) y dolor (60,9). Se encontro correlacion significativa entre sobrecarga, salud mental y vitalidad. Concluimos que los cuidadores presentaron sobrecarga de cuidado y aspectos de CV comprometidos y posiblemente necesitan de intervenciones que promuevan el bienestar fisico, el social y el emocional, para disminuir la sobrecarga y mejorar la CV, y asi consecuentemente mejorar la asistencia.