Marilú Santos Sousa

Determinação de limites superiores da zona de conforto térmico para codornas de corte aclimatizadas no Brasil de 22 a 35 dias de idade

The objective of this research was to determine the temperature comfort, evaluated in terms of temperature and indices Black Globe Temperature and Humidity (BGTH), appropriate to the creation of quails in the final phase. Were housed 300 quails in different thermal environments. Each group of 60 birds were distributed randomly into 03 chambers, with 10 birds per pen (cage), totaling 15 treatments. The treatments were: CP - Comfort Pressed (temperatures of 26 and 25 oC, respectively, for fourth and fifth week of creation); MH - Moderate heat (30 °C for the fourth and fifth week of creation) and HS - Heat Severus (33 oC for the fourth and fifth week of creation). During the fourth week of creation quail (22-28 days), the best value of BGTH was 75.8 ± 0.9 and for the fifth week of creation (29-35 days) BGTH 75.3 ± 0, 7 (indicative of thermal comfort for this age). It was found that: quail maintained in thermal stress (either hot or cold) during the initial phase can not recover the end of the life cycle, even when reared under conditions of thermal comfort in the initial stage after this period, while kept at temperatures of heat stress is moderate or severe chronic, can not keep up with the normal performance, demonstrating the need to ensure that the thermal environment of poultry is kept in accordance with the appropriate requirements for each age of the quail.

QUALIDADE DO AMBIENTE AÉREO NA CRIAÇÃO INICIAL DE CODORNAS DE CORTE EM FUNÇÃO DE DIFERENTES TEMPERATURAS - DOI: 10.13083/1414-3984.v22n02a01

National and international markets require actions seeking environmental preservation, including data on the concentration of harmful gases generated by the activity of animal production. This subject is important for the conditions of Brazil, due to lack of information, which is why the objective of this study was to verify to what extent the levels of CO2 and NH3 present in installations may impair the quality of life of quails during the initial production cycle (1 to 21 days of age). The study was conducted in five climatic cameras located in the experimental area from the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Vicosa. A total of 900 quail were housed in growth chambers, subjected to treatments with five different temperatures. The treatments were randomly distributed, as follows: Severe Cold, Cold Moderate, Recommended Comfort, Moderate Heat and Severe Heat. The animals were randomly assigned to each treatment, consisting of 30 birds each. Non levels of NH3 were observed during the experimental period. Carbon dioxide concentrations were within acceptable limits for the proper development of quail.

Effect of Chemical Conditioners on the Quality of the Poultry Litter

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the coffee huskss poultry litter, treated with chemical conditioners. Such evaluation was based on its humidity, N-ammonia, pH and bacteria total counting. The experiment was carried out in a commercial industry, located in Canaa city, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, being this region a significant coffee producer one. It were used three facilities, in which it were placed circular boxes, each of them divided in seven parts, 2 m2 each one, that corresponded to the seven treatments: coffee husks litter, new and untreated; coffee husks litter, new and treated with superphosphate (30 kg t-1); coffee husks litter, new and treated with agricultural gypsum at 40% of the total weight; coffee husks litter, new and treated with lime (0.5 kg m-2); coffee husks litter, reused (2 lots); and sawdust litter. Twenty two chicks were distributed in each treatment, totaling 154 birds per facility, in a density of 11 birds m-2. The samples were collected from the different types of litter at 7, 21 and 42 days of birds age, in order to assess the moisture content, pH, ammonia-N and the standard counting of bacteria. The hydrated lime provided an increase of pH in the initial phase of the production cycle (7 days), as well as a decreasing in the moisture of the reused litter, compared to the new one. The gypsum reduced the pH of the litter at the end of the second phase of the production cycle. The N-ammonia content of the reused litter, without treatment, was superior compared to the new one, untreated and treated with lime. There was no effect of chemical conditioners on the standard counting of bacteria, as well as on the surface temperature of the litter.

Chemical and microbiological characterization of quail wastes

Abstract: For many years in the scenario of the Brazilian poultry production, the quail breeding was considered an alternative activity and just for small farmers. However, because of its potential for the production of eggs and meat, the commercial use of the quails has grown significantly and consequently the amount of waste produced. Such residues may be used as bio-fertilizers, directly as organic fertilizer or converted into compost or even in alternative energy through anaerobic digestion in digesters. To conduct any of these processes it becomes necessary the knowledge of its characteristics, which is incipient. Then, this study aimed to analyze the physicochemical characteristics and microbiological of the quail wastes. The analyses related to the density (D), electrical conductivity (EC), total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), fixed solids (FS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH , total nitrogen (Nt), nitrogen ammonia (Nammoniacal), total phosphorus (Pt), potassium (K), sodium (Na), total coliform (TC) and fecal (FC) were performed at the Laboratory of Water Quality (LQA ), in the Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Vicosa, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The following results were found: D: 2060 g L-1 EC: 13.59 mS cm-1, ST: 24.50 dag kg-1, SV: 18.25 dag kg-1, SF: 6.27 dagkg-1, BOD: 659.32 mg L-1, COD: 7.64 mg L-1, pH: 6.01, Nt: 663.32 mg L-1, Namoniacal: 115.36 mg.L -1,Pt: 0.24 mg L-1, K: 225 mg L-1, Na: 20.10 mg L-1, TC; 56.9 MPN, FC: 18.1 MPN. These results are consistent with those of some other categories of birds mentioned in the literature.