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Dive into the research topics where Marina Bosque-Prous is active.

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Featured researches published by Marina Bosque-Prous.


Addiction | 2014

Association between stricter alcohol advertising regulations and lower hazardous drinking across European countries

Marina Bosque-Prous; Albert Espelt; Anna M. Guitart; Montserrat Bartroli; Joan R. Villalbí; M. Teresa Brugal

AIMSnTo analyse the association between alcohol advertising restrictions and the prevalence of hazardous drinking among people aged 50-64 years in 16 European countries, taking into account both individual and contextual-level factors (alcohol taxation, availability, etc.).nnnDESIGNnCross-sectional study based on SHARE project surveys.nnnSETTING AND PARTICIPANTSnA total of 27u2009773 subjects, aged 50-64 years, from 16 European countries who participated in wave 4 of the SHARE (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe) project.nnnMEASUREMENTSnWe estimated the prevalence of hazardous drinking (through adaptation of the SHARE questions to the scheme used by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C) for each country. To determine whether the degree of advertising restrictions was associated with prevalence of hazardous drinking, we fitted robust variance multi-level Poisson models, adjusting for various individual and contextual variables. Prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained.nnnFINDINGSnThe observed prevalence of hazardous drinking was 24.1%, varying by sex and country. Countries with greater advertising restrictions had lower prevalence of hazardous drinking: 30.6% (95% CIu2009=u200929.3-31.8) in countries with no restrictions, 20.3% (95% CIu2009=u200919.3-21.2) in countries with some restrictions and 14.4% (95% CIu2009=u200911.9-16.8) in those with greatest restrictions. The PR found (with respect to countries with greatest restrictions) were 1.36 (95% CIu2009=u20090.90-2.06) for countries with some restrictions and 1.95 (95% CIu2009=u20091.31-2.91) for those with no advertising restrictions.nnnCONCLUSIONSnThe extent of advertising restrictions in European countries is associated inversely with prevalence of hazardous drinking in people aged 50-64 years.


Revista Espanola De Salud Publica | 2014

Políticas para prevenir los daños causados por el alcohol

Joan R. Villalbí; Marina Bosque-Prous; Miquel Gili-Miner; Albert Espelt; Mª Teresa Brugal

The impact on health of alcohol in a given society is mainly related with the volume and pattern of drinking, and these are related with individual factors, but also with environmental factors, among which public policies are important determinants. Public policies may favour or reduce alcohol use, and thus have a substantial preventive capacity. The effectiveness of policies to prevent the harm caused by alcohol has been reviewed in recent documents, which provide evidence to extract recommendations. This paper reviews the most effective policies to reduce the harm caused by alcohol, with an emphasis in the use of taxes to increase its cost, availability regulation, and policies on drinking and driving. The regulation of alcohol promotion and publicity is also assessed, as well as the detection and treatment of alcohol abuse and dependence. The state of alcohol related policies in Spain is analysed, as well as the obstacles, for the adoption of policies more prone to prevention, and recommendations for the future are made.El impacto del consumo de alcohol en la salud de una sociedad depende en buena parte del patron y volumen de consumo, lo que esta relacionado con aspectos individuales y ambientales. Las politicas publicas pueden favorecer o desincentivar el consumo de alcohol y, por tanto, tienen una notable capacidad preventiva. La efectividad de las politicas que pueden prevenir el dano causado por el alcohol se ha revisado en documentos recientes que proporcionan suficientes elementos para extraer recomendaciones. En este trabajo se revisan las politicas mas efectivas para reducir los danos que causa el alcohol, con enfasis en el uso de los impuestos para elevar su coste, la regulacion de su disponibilidad y las politicas sobre alcohol y conduccion. Se repasa tambien la regulacion de la promocion y publicidad del alcohol y la deteccion y tratamiento de los trastornos por abuso o dependencia del alcohol. Se analiza la situacion en Espana respecto a las politicas relacionadas con el alcohol, asi como los obstaculos para la adopcion de politicas mas preventivas, formulando algunas recomendaciones para el futuro.


PLOS ONE | 2015

Job Loss, Unemployment and the Incidence of Hazardous Drinking during the Late 2000s Recession in Europe among Adults Aged 50-64 Years.

Marina Bosque-Prous; Albert Espelt; Luis Sordo; Anna M. Guitart; M. Teresa Brugal; María J. Bravo

Background To estimate the incidence of hazardous drinking in middle-aged people during an economic recession and ascertain whether individual job loss and contextual changes in unemployment influence the incidence rate in that period. Methods Longitudinal study based on two waves of the SHARE project (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe). Individuals aged 50–64 years from 11 European countries, who were not hazardous drinkers at baseline (n = 7,615), were selected for this study. We estimated the cumulative incidence of hazardous drinking (≥40g and ≥20g of pure alcohol on average in men and women, respectively) between 2006 and 2012. Furthermore, in the statistical analysis, multilevel Poisson regression models with robust variance were fitted and obtained Risk Ratios (RR) and their 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI). Results Over a 6-year period, 505 subjects became hazardous drinkers, with cumulative incidence of 6.6 per 100 persons between 2006 and 2012 (95%CI:6.1–7.2). Age [RR = 1.02 (95%CI:1.00–1.04)] and becoming unemployed [RR = 1.55 (95%CI:1.08–2.23)] were independently associated with higher risk of becoming a hazardous drinker. Conversely, having poorer self-perceived health was associated with lower risk of becoming a hazardous drinker [RR = 0.75 (95%CI:0.60–0.95)]. At country-level, an increase in the unemployment rate during the study period [RR = 1.32 (95%CI:1.17–1.50)] and greater increases in the household disposable income [RR = 0.97 (95%CI:0.95–0.99)] were associated with risk of becoming a hazardous drinker. Conclusions Job loss among middle-aged individuals during the economic recession was positively associated with becoming a hazardous drinker. Changes in country-level variables were also related to this drinking pattern.


Adicciones | 2016

Applied Prevalence Ratio estimation with different Regression models: An example from a cross-national study on substance use research.

Albert Espelt; Marc Marí-Dell'Olmo; Eva Penelo; Marina Bosque-Prous

OBJECTIVEnTo examine the differences between Prevalence Ratio (PR) and Odds Ratio (OR) in a cross-sectional study and to provide tools to calculate PR using two statistical packages widely used in substance use research (STATA and R).nnnMETHODSnWe used cross-sectional data from 41,263 participants of 16 European countries participating in the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The dependent variable, hazardous drinking, was calculated using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption (AUDIT-C). The main independent variable was gender. Other variables used were: age, educational level and country of residence. PR of hazardous drinking in men with relation to women was estimated using Mantel-Haenszel method, log-binomial regression models and poisson regression models with robust variance. These estimations were compared to the OR calculated using logistic regression models.nnnRESULTSnPrevalence of hazardous drinkers varied among countries. Generally, men have higher prevalence of hazardous drinking than women [PR=1.43 (1.38-1.47)]. Estimated PR was identical independently of the method and the statistical package used. However, OR overestimated PR, depending on the prevalence of hazardous drinking in the country.nnnCONCLUSIONSnIn cross-sectional studies, where comparisons between countries with differences in the prevalence of the disease or condition are made, it is advisable to use PR instead of OR.


European Journal of Public Health | 2015

Gender differences in hazardous drinking among middle-aged in Europe: the role of social context and women's empowerment.

Marina Bosque-Prous; Albert Espelt; Carme Borrell; Montse Bartroli; Anna M. Guitart; Joan R. Villalbí; M. Teresa Brugal

BACKGROUNDnThe aim of this study was to estimate the magnitude of gender differences in hazardous drinking among middle-aged people and to analyse whether these differences are associated with contextual factors, such as public policies or socioeconomic factors.nnnMETHODSnCross-sectional design. The study population included 50- to 64-year-old residents of 16 European countries who participated in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe project conducted in 2010-12 (n = 26 017). We estimated gender differences in hazardous drinking in each country. To determine whether different social context or womens empowerment variables were associated with gender differences in hazardous drinking, we fitted multilevel Poisson regression models adjusted for various individual and country-level variables, which yielded prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).nnnRESULTSnPrevalence of hazardous drinking was significantly higher in men than women [30.2% (95% CI: 29.1-31.4%) and 18.6% (95% CI: 17.7-19.4%), respectively] in most countries, although the extent of these differences varied between countries. Among individuals aged 50-64 years in Europe, risk of becoming a hazardous drinker was 1.69 times higher (95% CI: 1.45-1.97) in men, after controlling for individual and country-level variables. We also found that lower values of the gender empowerment measure and higher unemployment rates were associated with higher gender differences in hazardous drinking.nnnCONCLUSIONnCountries with the greatest gender differences in hazardous drinking were those with the most restrictions on womens behaviour, and the greatest gender inequalities in daily life. Lower gender differences in hazardous drinking seem to be related to higher consumption among women.


International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry | 2017

Hazardous drinking in people aged 50 years or older: a cross-sectional picture of Europe, 2011-2013

Marina Bosque-Prous; M. Teresa Brugal; Kenio Costa de Lima; Joan R. Villalbí; Montse Bartroli; Albert Espelt

To assess gender and age differences in hazardous drinking and to analyse and compare the factors associated with it in men versus women, and in 50 to 64‐year‐old versus ≥65‐year‐old people in Europe.


Revista Espanola De Salud Publica | 2014

Tratamiento especializado del abuso o dependencia del alcohol

Josep M. Suelves; Joan R. Villalbí; Marina Bosque-Prous; Albert Espelt; M. Teresa Brugal

Fundamentos: El Plan Nacional sobre Drogas (PNSD) impulso la prevencion y el tratamiento de los trastornos por uso de drogas ilegales, y ahora abarca los trastornos por uso de alcohol. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una estimacion de las personas en tratamiento especializado por alcohol en la red publica. Metodos: Se revisan documentos del PNSD, del sistema de informacion sobre drogodependencias de Cataluna y del de Barcelona. Para Cataluna y Barcelona se presentan datos de 1991 a 2010. Resultados: Para el conjunto de Espana hay informacion disponible desde hace pocos anos, con exhaustividad y validez variable. En Catalunya, el numero de admisiones a tratamiento por alcohol notificadas se incremento: el alcohol causa anualmente mas del 40% del total de admisiones a tratamiento en la red de drogodependencias; la edad media es de 44 anos y el 23% son mujeres. En Barcelona las admisiones a tratamiento por alcohol superan las 2.000 al ano, suponiendo 217 por 100.000 habitantes mayores de 15 anos varones y 67 en mujeres. Conclusiones: Los datos disponibles sugieren que por lo que respecta al alcohol el sistema de informacion sobre drogas ha de desarrollarse mas en Espana, resolviendo problemas metodologicos. Los datos disponibles para Cataluna sugieren que la red de atencion a drogas ha permitido abordar la necesidad asistencial por dependencia al alcohol conjuntamente con la de drogas ilegales. Esta informacion es relevante, pues apenas existen datos de tratamiento referidos a la poblacion.


Gaceta Sanitaria | 2018

Differences between men and women in substance use: the role of educational level and employment status

Ester Teixidó-Compañó; Albert Espelt; Luis Sordo; María J. Bravo; Ana Sarasa-Renedo; B. Iciar Indave; Marina Bosque-Prous; M. Teresa Brugal

OBJECTIVEnTo determine differences between men and women in hazardous drinking, heavy cannabis use and hypnosedative use according to educational level and employment status in the economically active population in Spain.nnnMETHODnCross-sectional study with data from 2013 Spanish Household Survey on Alcohol and Drugs on individuals aged 25-64 [n=14,113 (women=6,171; men=7,942)]. Dependent variables were hazardous drinking, heavy cannabis use and hypnosedative consumption; the main independent variables were educational level and employment situation. Associations between dependent and independent variables were calculated with Poisson regression models with robust variance. All analyses were stratified by sex.nnnRESULTSnHazardous drinking and heavy cannabis use were higher in men, while women consumed more hypnosedatives. The lower the educational level, the greater the gender differences in the prevalence of this substances owing to different consumption patterns in men and women. While men with a lower educational level were higher hazardous drinkers [RII=2.57 (95%CI: 1.75-3.78)] and heavy cannabis users [RII=3.03 (95%CI: 1.88-4.89)] compared to higher educational level, in women the prevalence was the same. Women with a lower education level and men with a higher education level had higher hypnosedative consumption. Unemployment was associated with increased heavy cannabis use and hypnosedative use in both women and men and with lower hazardous drinking only in women.nnnCONCLUSIONSnThere are differences between men and women in the use of psychoactive substances that can be explained by the unequal distribution of substance use in them according to educational level. Unemployment was associated with substance use in both men and women.


Adicciones | 2016

Estimación de la Razón de Prevalencia con distintos modelos de Regresión: Ejemplo de un estudio internacional en investigación de las adicciones

Albert Espelt; Marc Marí-Dell'Olmo; Eva Penelo; Marina Bosque-Prous

OBJECTIVEnTo examine the differences between Prevalence Ratio (PR) and Odds Ratio (OR) in a cross-sectional study and to provide tools to calculate PR using two statistical packages widely used in substance use research (STATA and R).nnnMETHODSnWe used cross-sectional data from 41,263 participants of 16 European countries participating in the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The dependent variable, hazardous drinking, was calculated using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption (AUDIT-C). The main independent variable was gender. Other variables used were: age, educational level and country of residence. PR of hazardous drinking in men with relation to women was estimated using Mantel-Haenszel method, log-binomial regression models and poisson regression models with robust variance. These estimations were compared to the OR calculated using logistic regression models.nnnRESULTSnPrevalence of hazardous drinkers varied among countries. Generally, men have higher prevalence of hazardous drinking than women [PR=1.43 (1.38-1.47)]. Estimated PR was identical independently of the method and the statistical package used. However, OR overestimated PR, depending on the prevalence of hazardous drinking in the country.nnnCONCLUSIONSnIn cross-sectional studies, where comparisons between countries with differences in the prevalence of the disease or condition are made, it is advisable to use PR instead of OR.


BMC Public Health | 2017

Adolescent alcohol use and parental and adolescent socioeconomic position in six European cities

Marina Bosque-Prous; Mirte A. G. Kuipers; Albert Espelt; Matthias Richter; Arja Rimpelä; Julian Perelman; Bruno Federico; M. Teresa Brugal; Vincent Lorant; Anton E. Kunst

BackgroundMany risk behaviours in adolescence are socially patterned. However, it is unclear to what extent socioeconomic position (SEP) influences adolescent drinking in various parts of Europe. We examined how alcohol consumption is associated with parental SEP and adolescents’ own SEP among students aged 14–17xa0years.MethodsCross-sectional data were collected in the 2013 SILNE study. Participants were 8705 students aged 14–17xa0years from 6 European cities. The dependent variable was weekly binge drinking. Main independent variables were parental SEP (parental education level and family affluence) and adolescents’ own SEP (student weekly income and academic achievement). Multilevel Poisson regression models with robust variance and random intercept were fitted to estimate the association between adolescent drinking and SEP.ResultsPrevalence of weekly binge drinking was 4.2% (95%CIxa0=xa03.8–4.6). Weekly binge drinking was not associated with parental education or family affluence. However, weekly binge drinking was less prevalent in adolescents with high academic achievement than those with low achievement (PRxa0=xa00.34; 95%CIxa0=xa00.14–0.87), and more prevalent in adolescents with >€50 weekly income compared to those with ≤€5/week (PRxa0=xa03.14; 95%CIxa0=xa02.23–4.42). These associations were found to vary according to country, but not according to gender or age group.ConclusionsAcross the six European cities, adolescent drinking was associated with adolescents’ own SEP, but not with parental SEP. Socio-economic inequalities in adolescent drinking seem to stem from adolescents’ own situation rather than that of their family.

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Albert Espelt

Autonomous University of Barcelona

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Albert Espelt

Autonomous University of Barcelona

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Luis Sordo

Complutense University of Madrid

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