Mario Norberto Sevilio de Oliveira Junior

Força muscular e qualidade de vida em idosas

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of exercise training on the levels of strength and quality of life in elderly women, considering the functional capacity, physical limitations, pain, general health, vitality and social relationship variables in institutionalized elderly. METHODS: The study participants were 36 elderly women over 60 years old, recruited in the Social Service of Commerce (SESC), city of Sao Luis, state of Maranhao, Brazil, divided in tw groups: the sedentary group (n=16) and training group (n=20). All were 60 years or more, had not performed strength training for six months and had no restrictions on this practice. Before and after training, it was determined maximal isometric muscle strength of the extensors of the lumbar spine and knee, the elbow flexors and abductors of the shoulder, using the dynamometer NPRO2000. We used the SF-36 questionnaire to assess te quality of life. Training was conducted for 12 weeks with twice-weekly sessions of 60 minutes. The intensity was set by the zone of maximum repetitions (3-4 sets, 8-12 reps) and the order of exercises changed every four weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student t test program SPSS 10.0. RESULTS: The sedentary group did not achieve any statistically significant value in any variable studied; the training group achieved statistically significant scores and percentage values of strength gain, respectively, in knee extensors (p=0.0032, 30.23%) and extensors of the lumbar spine (p=0.0207; 12.33%). The results obtained in evaluating the quality of life showed statistically significant percentage increase in the functional capacity (p=0.0092; 11.05%), general health (p=0.0075; 14,17%), vitality (p=0.0015, 15.38%) and mental health (p=0.0154; 9.64%) of elderly submitted to strength training. CONCLUSION: The strength training proposed in this study caused a significant increase in muscle strength that reflected in the improvement of quality of life in the domains of physical functioning, general health, vitality and mental health of elderly women submitted to strength training.

Autonomic modulation analysis in active and sedentary kidney transplanted recipients

Modulation of the autonomic nervous system on heart rate can be compromised in chronic kidney disease and may result in changes in the frequency and duration of the cardiac cycle. The aim of this study was to evaluate autonomic modulation in active and sedentary renal transplant recipients. Twenty renal‐transplanted individuals were analyzed at the Centro de Prevenção de Doenças Renais (Kidney Disease Education Centre), in the academic hospital of Universidade Federal do Maranhão, and were divided into the active group (AG) and the sedentary group (SG). The AG comprised of six men and four women (age 43.10 ± 13.02) and was in regular concurrent training intervention for 8 weeks, while the SG was composed of three men and seven women (age 36.8 ± 9.26). Analysis of heart rate (HR) variability in time and frequency domain demonstrated that HR mean values in the SG and AG were 787.32 ± 79.60 and 870 ± 106.66 ms, respectively. Differences were observed in the time domain and frequency domain. The total index of low frequency and high frequency showed no differences between the SG and AG. Biochemical variables presented significantly lower levels after 8 weeks of training. Higher heart rate variability in the time domain and greater vagal modulation was observed in the AG. The AG ad greater vagal modulation when compared to the SG, with removal of the sympathetic and increased parasympathetic in the behaviour was confirmed by sympatho‐vagal balance. The AG also presented significant improvements in the frequency domain.

Influência do exercício físico na sintomatologia de mulheres climatéricas

This study aimed to determine the changes associated with the symptoms in menopausal women with the practice of an aerobic exercise program. It is a descriptive research of experimental and quantitative type. Eight women participated, in the age group 55.25 ± 2.71 years, height 1.49 ± 0.04 m, body mass 64.55 ± 14.73 kg, BMI 29.98 ± 5.48 kg / m2, and mean blood pressure 120/82 mmHg, performing a physical exercise program (8 weeks) in two stages of four weeks each, but four of them without control of intensity and the other four with control (70% HT). They had to start the protocol symptoms assessed every four weeks of exercise. For statistical analysis it was used the ratio of mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum coefficient of variance and t test for paired observations. With significant effect at 1%, the results were improvement in climacteric symptoms according to the scores of Blatt Kupperman Menopausal Index, with the practice of aerobic physical exercise protocol proposed in 15.62% after four weeks, and 16.28% after eight weeks; and improvement of aerobic capacity from good to excellent classification according to the second American Heart Association, with gains of 27.82%. It is concluded that implementing the proposed protocol exercise brought improvement in climacteric symptoms in women participating in the study in both stages, with a total improvement of 23.85%, although in only eight weeks.

Estado de hidratación de atletas en carrera de calle de 15 km bajo elevado estrés térmico

INTRODUCTION: An adequate hydration status is of utmost importance to participants of street running, both for better sports performance and to preventi disorders caused by heat. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate the hydration status of males on a 15 km street race. METHODS: The sample consisted of 15 males (37.67 ± 7.22 years old) habitual street runners. The hydration status was evaluated before and after the race by the following parameters: body weight, color and urine specific gravity (USG), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht). In data analysis, the paired Student t-test or the Wilcoxon test were used, setting as statistically significant p <0.01. RESULTS: There was a decrease in body weight of the subjects after the race (p <0.0001), as well as an increase in Hb and Ht. Despite the observed decrease in USG after exercise, there was no significant improvement in the standard of urine color or difference between the initial and final contents of total body water. The room temperature (RT) and relative humidity (RH) were 38.75±1.79°C and 37.37±4.66%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The exercise in the environment at issue led the individuals to a state of dehydration, only detected by the analysis of variation in body weight and blood parameters such as Hb and Ht. Urinary parameters such as urine color and USG, as well as those obtained by BIA, were probably confused by variables that were not controlled by the present study.INTRODUCAO: Um adequado estado de hidratacao e de suma importância para os participantes de corridas de rua, tanto para um melhor desempenho esportivo, quanto na prevencao dos disturbios causados pelo calor. OBJETIVO: O estudo visa avaliar o estado de hidratacao de individuos do sexo masculino em corrida de rua de 15 km. METODOS: A amostra foi composta por 15 individuos do sexo masculino (37,67±7,22 anos) praticantes habituais de corrida de rua. O estado de hidratacao foi avaliado antes e apos a corrida atraves dos seguintes parâmetros: peso corporal, coloracao e gravidade especifica da urina (GEU), analise da impedância bioeletrica (BIA), niveis de hemoglobina (Hb) e hematocrito (Ht). Na analise dos dados, foi utilizado o teste t de Student pareado ou o teste de Wilcoxon, aceitando-se como estatisticamente significante p < 0,01. RESULTADOS: Houve diminuicao do peso corporal dos individuos apos a corrida (p<0,0001), assim como elevacao dos niveis de Hb e Ht. Apesar da diminuicao observada na GEU apos o exercicio, nao houve melhora significativa do padrao de coloracao da urina ou diferenca entre o conteudo inicial e final de agua corporal total. A temperatura ambiente (TA) e umidade relativa do ar (URA) foram de 38,75±1,79°C e 37,37±4,66%, respectivamente. CONCLUSAO: O exercicio no ambiente em questao conduziu os individuos a um estado de desidratacao, apenas detectado pela analise da variacao do peso corporal e de parâmetros sanguineos atraves dos niveis de Hb e Ht. Parâmetros urinarios como a coloracao da urina e GEU, assim como aqueles obtidos atraves da BIA, provavelmente foram confundidos por variaveis nao controladas pelo presente estudo.

Estado de hidratação de atletas em corrida de rua de 15 km sob elevado estresse térmico

INTRODUCTION: An adequate hydration status is of utmost importance to participants of street running, both for better sports performance and to preventi disorders caused by heat. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate the hydration status of males on a 15 km street race. METHODS: The sample consisted of 15 males (37.67 ± 7.22 years old) habitual street runners. The hydration status was evaluated before and after the race by the following parameters: body weight, color and urine specific gravity (USG), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht). In data analysis, the paired Student t-test or the Wilcoxon test were used, setting as statistically significant p <0.01. RESULTS: There was a decrease in body weight of the subjects after the race (p <0.0001), as well as an increase in Hb and Ht. Despite the observed decrease in USG after exercise, there was no significant improvement in the standard of urine color or difference between the initial and final contents of total body water. The room temperature (RT) and relative humidity (RH) were 38.75±1.79°C and 37.37±4.66%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The exercise in the environment at issue led the individuals to a state of dehydration, only detected by the analysis of variation in body weight and blood parameters such as Hb and Ht. Urinary parameters such as urine color and USG, as well as those obtained by BIA, were probably confused by variables that were not controlled by the present study.INTRODUCAO: Um adequado estado de hidratacao e de suma importância para os participantes de corridas de rua, tanto para um melhor desempenho esportivo, quanto na prevencao dos disturbios causados pelo calor. OBJETIVO: O estudo visa avaliar o estado de hidratacao de individuos do sexo masculino em corrida de rua de 15 km. METODOS: A amostra foi composta por 15 individuos do sexo masculino (37,67±7,22 anos) praticantes habituais de corrida de rua. O estado de hidratacao foi avaliado antes e apos a corrida atraves dos seguintes parâmetros: peso corporal, coloracao e gravidade especifica da urina (GEU), analise da impedância bioeletrica (BIA), niveis de hemoglobina (Hb) e hematocrito (Ht). Na analise dos dados, foi utilizado o teste t de Student pareado ou o teste de Wilcoxon, aceitando-se como estatisticamente significante p < 0,01. RESULTADOS: Houve diminuicao do peso corporal dos individuos apos a corrida (p<0,0001), assim como elevacao dos niveis de Hb e Ht. Apesar da diminuicao observada na GEU apos o exercicio, nao houve melhora significativa do padrao de coloracao da urina ou diferenca entre o conteudo inicial e final de agua corporal total. A temperatura ambiente (TA) e umidade relativa do ar (URA) foram de 38,75±1,79°C e 37,37±4,66%, respectivamente. CONCLUSAO: O exercicio no ambiente em questao conduziu os individuos a um estado de desidratacao, apenas detectado pela analise da variacao do peso corporal e de parâmetros sanguineos atraves dos niveis de Hb e Ht. Parâmetros urinarios como a coloracao da urina e GEU, assim como aqueles obtidos atraves da BIA, provavelmente foram confundidos por variaveis nao controladas pelo presente estudo.

Hydration status in athletes on 15 km street race under elevated heat stress

INTRODUCTION: An adequate hydration status is of utmost importance to participants of street running, both for better sports performance and to preventi disorders caused by heat. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate the hydration status of males on a 15 km street race. METHODS: The sample consisted of 15 males (37.67 ± 7.22 years old) habitual street runners. The hydration status was evaluated before and after the race by the following parameters: body weight, color and urine specific gravity (USG), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht). In data analysis, the paired Student t-test or the Wilcoxon test were used, setting as statistically significant p <0.01. RESULTS: There was a decrease in body weight of the subjects after the race (p <0.0001), as well as an increase in Hb and Ht. Despite the observed decrease in USG after exercise, there was no significant improvement in the standard of urine color or difference between the initial and final contents of total body water. The room temperature (RT) and relative humidity (RH) were 38.75±1.79°C and 37.37±4.66%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The exercise in the environment at issue led the individuals to a state of dehydration, only detected by the analysis of variation in body weight and blood parameters such as Hb and Ht. Urinary parameters such as urine color and USG, as well as those obtained by BIA, were probably confused by variables that were not controlled by the present study.INTRODUCAO: Um adequado estado de hidratacao e de suma importância para os participantes de corridas de rua, tanto para um melhor desempenho esportivo, quanto na prevencao dos disturbios causados pelo calor. OBJETIVO: O estudo visa avaliar o estado de hidratacao de individuos do sexo masculino em corrida de rua de 15 km. METODOS: A amostra foi composta por 15 individuos do sexo masculino (37,67±7,22 anos) praticantes habituais de corrida de rua. O estado de hidratacao foi avaliado antes e apos a corrida atraves dos seguintes parâmetros: peso corporal, coloracao e gravidade especifica da urina (GEU), analise da impedância bioeletrica (BIA), niveis de hemoglobina (Hb) e hematocrito (Ht). Na analise dos dados, foi utilizado o teste t de Student pareado ou o teste de Wilcoxon, aceitando-se como estatisticamente significante p < 0,01. RESULTADOS: Houve diminuicao do peso corporal dos individuos apos a corrida (p<0,0001), assim como elevacao dos niveis de Hb e Ht. Apesar da diminuicao observada na GEU apos o exercicio, nao houve melhora significativa do padrao de coloracao da urina ou diferenca entre o conteudo inicial e final de agua corporal total. A temperatura ambiente (TA) e umidade relativa do ar (URA) foram de 38,75±1,79°C e 37,37±4,66%, respectivamente. CONCLUSAO: O exercicio no ambiente em questao conduziu os individuos a um estado de desidratacao, apenas detectado pela analise da variacao do peso corporal e de parâmetros sanguineos atraves dos niveis de Hb e Ht. Parâmetros urinarios como a coloracao da urina e GEU, assim como aqueles obtidos atraves da BIA, provavelmente foram confundidos por variaveis nao controladas pelo presente estudo.

Desidratação e balanço hídrico em meia maratona

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of dehydration from the hydric balance and density of urine (Du) in half marathon runners. The study included 18 male subjects. The fluid intake was “ad libitum” and was held in Du analysis at the beginning and at the end of the race, as well as measurements of weight and height. Environmental conditions (33,30 ± 5,30 oC and 57,50 ± 13,60% of URA) were recorded by digital hygrometer. The subjects began and finished the study dehydrated, and showed a significant difference in body weight (4,11%). We conclude that the fluid intake “ad libitum” was not sufficient to maintain hydric balance.

Dehydration and water balance in half marathon

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of dehydration from the hydric balance and density of urine (Du) in half marathon runners. The study included 18 male subjects. The fluid intake was “ad libitum” and was held in Du analysis at the beginning and at the end of the race, as well as measurements of weight and height. Environmental conditions (33,30 ± 5,30 oC and 57,50 ± 13,60% of URA) were recorded by digital hygrometer. The subjects began and finished the study dehydrated, and showed a significant difference in body weight (4,11%). We conclude that the fluid intake “ad libitum” was not sufficient to maintain hydric balance.

Deshidratación y el balance hídrico em media maratón

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of dehydration from the hydric balance and density of urine (Du) in half marathon runners. The study included 18 male subjects. The fluid intake was “ad libitum” and was held in Du analysis at the beginning and at the end of the race, as well as measurements of weight and height. Environmental conditions (33,30 ± 5,30 oC and 57,50 ± 13,60% of URA) were recorded by digital hygrometer. The subjects began and finished the study dehydrated, and showed a significant difference in body weight (4,11%). We conclude that the fluid intake “ad libitum” was not sufficient to maintain hydric balance.