Marisa Silvana Zazzetta

Relationship between cognition and frailty in elderly: A systematic review

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between cognition and frailty in the elderly. Methods A systematic review on the currently existing literature concerning the subject was carried out. The search strategy included LILACS, SCOPUS, SciELO, PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science databases. Results A total of 19 studies were selected for review, from which 10 (52.6%) were cross-sectional and 9 (47.4%) longitudinal, and the majority Brazilian. All of the studies established a link between cognition and frailty. There was a relationship between components of frailty and the cognitive domains. Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), dementia and mortality were all evidenced in the relationship between frailty and cognitive impairment. Conclusion The theory remains limited, but results show the variables that appear to be linked to cognition and frailty in elderly. This data can help in implementing actions to improve the quality of life among elderly.

Fatores associados à fragilidade de idosos com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise

The scope of this article is to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with the frailty of elderly people with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. This involved a correlational, cross-sectional study conducted in a dialysis center in the state of Sao Paulo. The sample consisted of 60 participants. The Participant Characterization Instrument was used for extracting sociodemographic and clinical data and the Edmonton Frail Scale was used to evaluate the level of frailty. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with frailty. The mean age of the 60 patients included was 71.1 (± 6.9) years, predominantly male (70%), of which 36.7% were classified as frail. With respect to the factors associated with frailty among the variables of gender, age, self-reported skin color, schooling, monthly per capita income, hemodialysis time, number of associated diseases, falls in the year, hematocrit level, parathyroid hormone and use of calcitriol, it was found that only the monthly per capita income was significantly associated with frailty (OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.1-0.9; p = 0.04). There was an association between frailty and income, showing that the elderly most at risk of frailty were those with lower income.The scope of this article is to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with the frailty of elderly people with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. This involved a correlational, cross-sectional study conducted in a dialysis center in the state of São Paulo. The sample consisted of 60 participants. The Participant Characterization Instrument was used for extracting sociodemographic and clinical data and the Edmonton Frail Scale was used to evaluate the level of frailty. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with frailty. The mean age of the 60 patients included was 71.1 (± 6.9) years, predominantly male (70%), of which 36.7% were classified as frail. With respect to the factors associated with frailty among the variables of gender, age, self-reported skin color, schooling, monthly per capita income, hemodialysis time, number of associated diseases, falls in the year, hematocrit level, parathyroid hormone and use of calcitriol, it was found that only the monthly per capita income was significantly associated with frailty (OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.1-0.9; p = 0.04). There was an association between frailty and income, showing that the elderly most at risk of frailty were those with lower income.

Cognitive impairment of patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis and its relationship with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics

ABSTRACT Cognitive impairment and dementia commonly occur in individuals with chronic kidney disease, especially in advanced stages, but are still poorly diagnosed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cognitive ability of patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis and its relationship with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a Renal Replacement Therapy Unit in the interior of the State of São Paulo involving 99 patients. The data were collected through an individual interview, using the Sociodemographic and Clinical Characterization questionnaires and the Addenbrookes Cognitive Examination – Revised (ACE-R) questionnaire. RESULTS: Participants were predominantly male, with a mean age of 54.68 years. The mean ACE-R score was 64.26 points, and 76.76% of patients had lower-than-expected scores, suggesting the presence of cognitive impairment. A moderate, negative correlation was found between total score on the ACE-R and age (r= –0.38, p≤0.001), a moderate positive correlation with years of education (r=0.52, p≤0.001), and a weak positive correlation of total score with hemodialysis time (r=0.26, p≤0.001). CONCLUSION: A relationship was found between cognitive ability and age, years of education and hemodialysis time, suggesting that individuals who were older, had less education and longer hemodialysis time presented greater cognitive impairment.

Fragilidade de idosos em vulnerabilidade social

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar a relacao entre fragilidade, caracteristicas sociodemograficos e vulnerabilidade social de idosos cadastrados em um servico de atendimento primario. Metodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratorio, comparativo e transversal, com abordagem quantitativa de investigacao realizado com 247 idosos cadastrados em um servico de atendimento primario, em um municipio do interior paulista. Utilizou-se questionario para caracterizacao socio demografica dos participantes e Escala de Fragilidade de Edmonton, para avaliar a fragilidade. A vulnerabilidade foi classificada segundo Indice Paulista de Vulnerabilidade Social. [...]

ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE ANSIEDADE E DEPRESSÃO E A QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PACIENTES RENAIS CRÔNICOS EM HEMODIÁLISE

Analizar la relacion entre ansiedad y depresion con la calidad de vida de los pacientes renales cronicos en hemodialisis. Estudio correlacional, transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo, realizado con 100 pacientes renales en tratamiento en una Unidad de Terapia de Reemplazo Renal en el estado de Sao Paulo. Los datos fueron obtenidos a partir del cuestionario de variables sociodemograficas, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale y Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short Form. Se encontro una correlacion negativa entre la ansiedad y depresion con los dominios de calidad de vida. Ademas, las puntuaciones medias de los dominios Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short Form fueron significativamente inferiores en los pacientes con ansiedad y los sintomas depresivos. Concluimos que existe una correlacion negativa entre la depresion y la ansiedad con la calidad de vida de los pacientes con enfermedad renal cronica en hemodialisis.

Social support of adults and elderly with chronic kidney disease on dialysis

Objetivo: evaluar el apoyo social instrumental y emocional de los enfermos renales crónicos en hemodiálisis. Método: estudio descriptivo, de cohorte transversal. La muestra ha sido dimensionada por conveniencia y compuesta de 103 participantes en tratamiento en una Unidad de Terapia de Reemplazo Renal. Los datos se recopilaron mediante entrevista individual, utilizando la Escala de Apoyo Social. Resultados: la puntuación media del apoyo social emocional e instrumental fue de 3,92 (± 0,78) y 3,81 (± 0,69), respectivamente, lo que indica un buen apoyo recibido. Entre las fuentes más frecuentes de apoyo social instrumental y emocional mencionadas por los participantes figuran pareja, cónyuge, compañero o novio y amigos. Conclusión: los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica tienen un fuerte apoyo social, tanto instrumental como emocional, y la principal forma de apoyo proviene de la familia.Objetivo: evaluar el apoyo social instrumental y emocional de los enfermos renales cronicos en hemodialisis. Metodo: estudio descriptivo, de cohorte transversal. La muestra ha sido dimensionada por conveniencia y compuesta de 103 participantes en tratamiento en una Unidad de Terapia de Reemplazo Renal. Los datos se recopilaron mediante entrevista individual, utilizando la Escala de Apoyo Social. Resultados: la puntuacion media del apoyo social emocional e instrumental fue de 3,92 (± 0,78) y 3,81 (± 0,69), respectivamente, lo que indica un buen apoyo recibido. Entre las fuentes mas frecuentes de apoyo social instrumental y emocional mencionadas por los participantes figuran pareja, conyuge, companero o novio y amigos. Conclusion: los pacientes con enfermedad renal cronica tienen un fuerte apoyo social, tanto instrumental como emocional, y la principal forma de apoyo proviene de la familia.ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the instrumental and emotional social support of patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Method: descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample was sized for convenience and included 103 participants under treatment in a Renal Replacement Therapy Unit. Data were collected through individual interviews, using the Social Support Scale. Results: the mean scores of the emotional and instrumental social support were 3.92 (± 0.78) and 3.81 (± 0.69) respectively, an indication of good support received. The most frequent sources of instrumental and emotional social support mentioned by participants were partners, spouse, companion or boyfriend and friends. Conclusion: patients with chronic kidney disease have high social support, both instrumental and emotional, and the main support comes from the family.

FRAGILIDADE, SINTOMAS DEPRESSIVOS E SOBRECARGA DE IDOSOS CUIDADORES EM CONTEXTO DE ALTA VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL

Objective: to analyze the relationship between frailty, depressive symptoms and overload of elderly caregivers in a context of high social vulnerability. Method: correlational, cross-sectional study, with quantitative approach, carried out with 73 elderly primary caregivers of other elderly people enrolled in Family Health Units inserted in contexts of high social vulnerability of a city in the interior of Sao Paulo (Brazil). The data were collected through an individual interview, using a questionnaire for sociodemographic characterization, the Zarit Overload Inventory, Geriatric Depression Scale and Frailty Assessment, according to the Fried Phenotype. Results: the majority of the elderly caregivers were between 60 and 69 years old; they were female and had one to four years of schooling. Regarding the frailty, 37% were frail, 54.8% pre-frail and 8.2% non-frail. The elderly caregivers presented, in the majority, small overload (68.5%) and absence of indications of depressive symptoms (67.1%). There was a positive correlation and moderate magnitude (r=0.460, p=0.000) between frailty and depressive symptoms, that is, as the levels of frailty increase, the depressive symptoms become more prevalent. Conclusion: there was a correlation between frailty and depressive symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to approach the health professionals in order to identify early the frailty and depressive symptoms of elderly caregivers in order to avoid late interventions. Special attention should be given to caregivers inserted in contexts of high social vulnerability

Burden, profile and care: caregivers of socially vulnerable elderly persons

Objectives: To compare burden and sociodemographic profile and to analyze the care needs of caregivers of elderly persons enrolled in Social Care Referral Centers in a municipal region in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional, quantitative-qualitative study was carried out. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Zarit Burden Scale and three open questions regarding care needs were applied. The quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and the correlation test. The Palavras-chave: Cuidador Familiar. Vulnerabilidade Social. Idoso. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562018021.170155 Keyword: Caregiver, Family. Social Vulnerability. Elderly. Rev. Bras. Geriatr. Gerontol., Rio de Janeiro, 2018; 21(2): 199-209

Translation, Adaptation and Validation of Rapid Geriatric Assessment to the Brazilian Context

ObjectivesTranslate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Rapid Geriatric Assessment (RGA) for Brazilian community-dwelling adults.DesignCross-sectional study, using a quantitative approach.SettingUrban population from the city of São Carlos, located in the interior of São Paulo State, Brazil. Participants: 148 individuals aged 60 or over.MeasurementsParticipants were assessed using the RGA, Fried Frailty Phenotype, International Physical Activity Questionnaire - long version, Addenbrooke´s Cognitive Exam - Revised Version, Mini Nutritional Assessment, short Form - 36, EuroQol 5-Dimension, Geriatric Depression Scale - short version, in addition to performing Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry to diagnose sarcopenia, according to the criteria established by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People.ResultsIn the translation and adaption process of the RGA, steps recommended by the literature were followed: initial translation, synthesis of translations, backward translation, evaluation from the panel of judges, and pre-test. When evaluating the psychometric properties of the scale, satisfactory reliability (internal consistency and stability) and validity (content, concurrent criterion and convergent, divergent and discriminant construct) were verified.ConclusionThe Brazilian version of the RGA is reliable and valid, and can be used in the Brazilian context to evaluate the elderly population.

Frailty and cognitive performance of elderly in the context of social vulnerability

Abstract Elderly who live in the context of social vulnerability have lower education and socioeconomic status. Objective: To analyze cognitive performance as a factor associated with frailty status in elderly living in contexts of social vulnerability. Methods: An exploratory, comparative, cross-sectional study using a quantitative method was conducted with elderly people registered at Social Assistance Reference Centers. A semi-structured interview, the Edmonton Frail Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment were applied. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. To analyze the data, a logistic regression was performed considering two groups (frail and non-frail). Results: 247 elderly individuals participated in the study, with a mean age of 68.52 (±SD =7.28) years and education of 1-4 years (n=133). All the elderly evaluated resided in vulnerable regions. Regarding frailty, 91 (36.8%) showed frailty at some level (mild, moderate or severe) and 216 (87.4%) had cognitive impairment. On the regression analysis, frailty was associated with number of diseases (OR:1.60; 95%CI: 1.28-1.99) and cognition (OR:0.93; 95%CI: 0.89-0.98). Conclusion: Identifying level of frailty and cognition in socially vulnerable elderly reinforces the need for early detection in both these conditions by the public services that provide care for this population with a focus on prevention.