Marius K. Somda

Search for thermotolerant coliforms in the fillets of frozen fish produced in cote d'ivoire and intended for export

This study is part of the search for solutions to the problems encountered in the manufacture and export of fish fillets. The production of fish fillets is mainly marked by a little mechanization. Thus, it is subjected to strong manipulation by the personnel, source of contamination. As a result, the search for thermotolerant coliforms, most of which are of fecal origin, makes it possible to assess the level of contamination of products and to judge the effectiveness of the hygiene measures taken by the fishnet production units. 190 preventive samples from 4 companies were studied. A survey was conducted to categorize the companies. Subsequently, the thermotolerant coliforms were counted on the violet crystal and neutral red (VRBL) bile lactose agar, inoculated in mass according to the French standard ISO 4832. It appears that of the 190 samples; 97.4% (185) of the results are satisfactory while 2.6% (5) of the results are unsatisfactory. The evaluation of the manufacturers of these nets indicated that there was a positive correlation between the number of serious defects and the unsatisfactory results. The result is that the best organized firms have the best laboratory results.

Distribution of resistance genes encoding ESBLs in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from biological samples in health centers in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

ObjectiveResistance to antibiotics most especially third generation cephalosporins has assumed a worrisome dimension globally. Genes conferring these resistance which are mediated by enzymes known as extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are now wide spread among several Enterobacteriaceae species. However there is paucity of data regarding the distribution of these genes in Burkina Faso. Hence this prospective study aims to determine the prevalence and distribution of ESBL encoding genes in ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from clinical samples of patients attending the three major hospitals in Ouagadougou Burkina Faso.ResultsESBL-encoding genes were assayed in 187 ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae strains. Among these isolates, the prevalence of ESBL-producing strains with blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M genes were 26.2% (49/187), 5.9% (11/187) and 40.1% (75/187) respectively. The association of ESBL encoding genes with health centers was statistically significant (p = 0.0209). Approximately 39.6% of E. coli harbored CTX-M and Klebsiella spp. 5.9%. This study demonstrates the dissemination of TEM, SHV and CTX-M genes in ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae strains in Ouagadougou. Continuous spread of these bacteria poses great public health risk, thus increased surveillance and regulation of antibiotics use is imperative in Burkina Faso.