Martin Tschopp

Entwicklung der Erreichbarkeit der Schweizer Gemeinden: 1950 bis 2000

KurzfassungDie Erreichbarkeit der Schweizer Gemeinden hat sich in den letzten 50 Jahren durch den Straßennetzausbau, die Angebotsausweitung im öffentlichen Verkehr und die Bevölkerungszunahme substanziell verändert. Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit den ersten beiden Einflussgrößen und stellt die Resultate in ihrem räumlichen Kontext dar. Das Verhältnis der Erreichbarkeit im Straßenverkehr zur Erreichbarkeit im öffentlichen Verkehr hat sich in der betrachteten Zeitperiode von 1950 bis 2000 nur wenig verändert.AbstractThe accessibility of the Swiss municipalities has changed substantially in the last 50 years due to the extension of the road network, improvements of the public transport and population growth. The paper deals with the first two variables and the resulting changes. The ratio of road-based to public transport-based accessibility has changed little over the time period from 1950 to 2000 in Switzerland.

Demografie und Raum in der Schweiz

Many are aware of the problem of population decline in peripheral alpine regions, as well as that of urban sprawl in the Mittelland. But the impressions often are not quantified and therefore subjective. The slow, steady process aggravates the difficulties of cognition. Not a lot is known about the spatial consequences. Only when we look at historic images of built landscapes do we understand how tremendously our habits, our living space, the whole environment in which we live has changed through the last decades. The goal of the first part of this paper is to make general statements about the population, its development and spatial distribution. When did the population grow? Where did the population grow and how did the population grow? In a second part, the different growth patterns of municipalities along the transit axis in Switzerland are of primary interest. This leads us to a conclusion in which we discuss the interaction between policy and demographic change.

Accessibility and Spatial Development in Switzerland during the Last 50 Years

This paper describes how transport systems have been primarily built to expand the reach of both people and industry. One measure of the resulting spatial impacts is the change in accessibility, which measures what can be reached with that effort. Accessibility is both the primary service provided by transport infrastructure and the link between transport infrastructure and land use. It can measure the spatial impact of newly built transport infrastructure and show the attractiveness of a region’s location. The first part of this paper provides a general survey of population growth and its spatial distribution in Switzerland. The second part analyzes the development of spatial accessibility and models its impacts on demographic and economic change using a multi-level regression approach. This research is based on a data set with unique spatial detail and historical depth: extensive structural data on each of the around 2896 Swiss municipalities and transport networks for the last fifty years (1950-2000). The socio-economic data were collected from Swiss censuses and restructured to refer to the year 2000 geographies.

Entwicklung der Erreichbarkeit der Schweizer Gemeinden

KurzfassungDie Erreichbarkeit der Schweizer Gemeinden hat sich in den letzten 50 Jahren durch den Straßennetzausbau, die Angebotsausweitung im öffentlichen Verkehr und die Bevölkerungszunahme substanziell verändert. Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit den ersten beiden Einflussgrößen und stellt die Resultate in ihrem räumlichen Kontext dar. Das Verhältnis der Erreichbarkeit im Straßenverkehr zur Erreichbarkeit im öffentlichen Verkehr hat sich in der betrachteten Zeitperiode von 1950 bis 2000 nur wenig verändert.AbstractThe accessibility of the Swiss municipalities has changed substantially in the last 50 years due to the extension of the road network, improvements of the public transport and population growth. The paper deals with the first two variables and the resulting changes. The ratio of road-based to public transport-based accessibility has changed little over the time period from 1950 to 2000 in Switzerland.

Transport Infrastructure and Regional Development in Switzerland: Accessibility, Spatial Policy and Urban Sprawl During the Last Fifty Years

Martin Tschopp and Kay Axhausen focus on the impact of transport infrastructure on the demographic and spatial development of municipalities and regions. Accessibility is both the primary service provided by transport infrastructure and the link between transport infrastructure and land use. It can measure the spatial impact of newly built transport infrastructure and show the attractiveness of a regions location. Tschopp and Axhausen provide a general survey of the evolution of Swiss transport planning since the 1950s. Results indicate that accessibility does influence spatial development but differs considerably over time and space. It leads to more equal dispersion of population in peripheral urban areas between conurbations as well as to more concentrated settlement patterns in rural and alpine areas.

Entwicklung der Erreichbarkeit der Schweizer Gemeinden: 1950 bis 2000@@@Development of the accessibility of Swiss municipalities: 1950 to 2000

KurzfassungDie Erreichbarkeit der Schweizer Gemeinden hat sich in den letzten 50 Jahren durch den Straßennetzausbau, die Angebotsausweitung im öffentlichen Verkehr und die Bevölkerungszunahme substanziell verändert. Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit den ersten beiden Einflussgrößen und stellt die Resultate in ihrem räumlichen Kontext dar. Das Verhältnis der Erreichbarkeit im Straßenverkehr zur Erreichbarkeit im öffentlichen Verkehr hat sich in der betrachteten Zeitperiode von 1950 bis 2000 nur wenig verändert.AbstractThe accessibility of the Swiss municipalities has changed substantially in the last 50 years due to the extension of the road network, improvements of the public transport and population growth. The paper deals with the first two variables and the resulting changes. The ratio of road-based to public transport-based accessibility has changed little over the time period from 1950 to 2000 in Switzerland.