Masahiro Urade

Plaque formation of herpes virus hominis type 2 and rubella virus in variants isolated from the colonies of BHK21/WI-2 cells formed in soft agar.

SummaryVariants isolated from the colonies of BHK 21/WI-2 cells formed in soft agar medium supported extremely clear plaque formation of herpes virus hominis type 2 and rubella virus in agar medium as compared in the parental cells.

Establishment of human squamous carcinoma cell lines highly and minimally sensitive to bleomycin and analysis of factors involved in the sensitivity

Human squamous carcinoma cell lines that were highly and minimally sensitive to bleomycin were established from clinical specimens and designated as SCCKN and SCCTF, respectively. Although these cell lines showed a similar growth doubling time in vitro, SCCTF was approximately ten times less sensitive to bleomycin than SCCKN. The bleomycin high and low sensitivities were stable even at the 70‐cell passage level in vitro. In addition, nude mouse tumors produced by SCCTF were less sensitive to bleomycin than those produced by SCCKN, and the ratio of the mean tumor weight in bleomycin‐treated mice to that in control mice was 89.2% in SCCTF and 18.8% in SCCKN. As compared with SCCKN, SCCTF also was less sensitive to peplomycin (5‐fold), mitomycin C (2.3‐fold), cisdiammine dichloroplatinum (2.5‐fold), and vincristine (6.5‐fold). Analyses of low bleomycin sensitivity showed that SCCTF had an approximately 20% decreased cellular accumulation and retention of bleomycin, 1.2‐fold increase of bleomycin hydrolase activity, elevated DNA repair activity, and increased poly(adeno‐sine diphosphate‐ribose) polymerase activity as compared with SCCKN.

Functional recovery of swallowing, speech, and taste in an oral cancer patient with subtotal glossectomy

5. Dinsworth AR, Byrd DL, Allen JW: Zygomatic complex 7. Laskin D: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol 2. St Louis. fracture with an avulsed tooth causing malocclusion: reCV Mosby, 1985, pp 79-80 port of case. J Oral Surg 32: 131, 1974 8. Winkler T. von Wowern N. Bittmann S: Retrieval of an 6. Kruger GO: Textbook of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 6th upper third molar from the infratemporal space. J Oral ed. St Louis, CV Mosby, 1985, p 101 Surg 30:730-733. 1970: 35:130. 1977

Serum dipeptidyl peptidase activities as a possible marker of oral cancer

Serum glycyl‐1‐prolyl 4‐methyl‐coumaryl‐7‐amide (gly‐pro‐MCA) hydrolase (DPP IV) and L‐lysyl‐L‐alanyl β‐naphthylamide (lys‐ala‐β NA) hydrolase (assumed to be DPP II) activities were measured in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and healthy subjects. The mean serum DPP IV activity of all cancer patients was significantly (P < 0.001) decreased, compared with that of healthy subjects. Although there was no significant difference between the stages by International Union Against Cancer (UICC) classification (1978), DPP IV levels tended to change dynamically, reflecting the clinical status during therapies. The serum DPP IV activity of patients with a fair prognosis was significantly elevated toward the normal range, whereas the activity of patients with a poor prognosis was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In contrast, the mean serum lys‐ala‐β NA hydrolytic activity of cancer patients was significantly (P < 0.001) increased, compared with that of healthy subjects, and was changed reciprocally to DPP IV activity. The correlation of these two serum enzyme activities with tumor weights also was observed in animal models using nude mice transplanted with human KB carcinoma cells and hamsters transplanted with BHK21 cells. These results indicate that these serum enzyme levels may become an aid for the diagnosis of malignant tumors and for estimating the prognosis of the patients.

Serum dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) IV activities in oral cancer patients.

Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) IV activities in normal human sera and in the sera of patients with malignant tumors of the oral region were assayed. Patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma had significantly lower enzyme activity than that of normal controls (p less than 0.001). Patients with advanced carcinoma showed a more significant reduction of serum enzyme activity. On the other hand, in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with hepatic dysfunction, the serum enzyme activity was significantly increased (p less than 0.02).

Establishment of three bleomycin-resistant human carcinoma cell lines and their cross-resistance to other antitumor agents

Three bleomycin‐resistant (BLMr) human carcinoma cell lines (HeLa‐BLMr, KB‐BLMr, and Hepd‐uvBLMr) were established in culture by progressively increasing the concentration of bleomycin (BLM). HeLa‐BLMr and KB‐BLMr were obtained after 5 and 2 months of incubation with BLM, whereas the establishment of Hepd‐uvBLMr required 3 months of incubation with BLM after ultraviolet treatment. These cells have been successfully subcultured for more than 150 passages during more than 2 years in the presence of 1 μg/ml of BLM. The degrees of BLM resistance were 20‐fold, 11.6‐fold, and 186‐fold for HeLa‐BLMr, KB‐BLMr, and Hepd‐uvBLMr, respectively, and the resistant phenotype of both HeLa‐BLMr and Hepd‐uvBLMr was stable when they were cultured for 30 passages in BLM‐free medium, but unstable in KB‐BLMr. Although each cell line exhibited cross‐resistance to 3 to 5 other antitumor agents including peplomycin, combined use of BLM with a polyene antibiotic, a calcium channel blocker, or a poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitor overcame the BLM resistance in vitro to various degrees.

Isolation and characterization of a new rubella variant with DNA polymerase activity

SummaryA rubella variant (HPV-RV) was isolated from high passage rubella virus preparations propagated at 37° C in baby hamster kidney BHK21/WI-2 cells. HPV-RV formed clear plaques in HeLa cells and primary cells of Rhesus monkey kidney although wild type rubella virus did not produce plaques in these cells. Cells persistently infected with rubella virus were insensitive to infection by HPV-RV at both 34° and 39.5° C. HPV-RV agglutinated one day old chick, human group O and sheep erythrocytes. This hemagglutinating activity was inhibited by anti-BHK latent virus serum but not by anti-rubella virus serum. The plaque forming ability of HPV-RV was neutralized by anti-BHK latent virus serum although the same antiserum did not affect the plaque forming ability of wild type rubella virus. Furthermore, HPV-RV was found to have the complement fixation antigen of rubella virus and DNA polymerase activity.From these findings, it is concluded that HPV-RV is a hybrid between rubella virus and a latent virus of BHK21/WI-2 cells.

Attenuated mumps virus therapy of carcinoma of the maxillary sinus.

This paper presents treatment of carcinoma of the maxillary sinus with an attenuated mumps virus. The mumps virus was inoculated into two cases of very advanced carcinoma of the maxillary sinus by local and general injection. Shortly after injection, relief from severe cancer pain and growth inhibition or necrosis of tumor were observed in both cases. In this communication, we discuss a possible mechanism of antitumor effect of mumps virus by utilizing immunologic tests and interferon assay.

Herpes zoster of the maxillary branch of the trigeminus nerve: Virological and serological studies

A 70-year-old male had erythematous and vesiculous lesions in the area of the right maxillary branch of the trigeminus nerve and was clinically diagnosed as having herpes zoster; virological and serological investigations of this case were carried out. Consequently, an electron microscopic observation revealed a great number of virus particles of herpes type in the vesiculous lesion and in baby hamster kidney BHK21/WI-21 cells, cultured after inoculating the fluid from the vesicle formed on the patients upper lip or from serum harvested during the viremia. When BHK21/WI-21 cells infected with this virus were tested for antigenicity by an indirect immunofluorescent staining technique, they showed a positive staining to antivaricella-zoster virus. When serum of this patient was assayed fof the antibody level against varicella-zoster virus by the complement fixation test at various time intervals during the therapeutic period, this antibody titer on recovery period showed a threefold increase in comparison to that at onset. From these findings, this infectious disease was precisely diagnosed as herpes zoster.

Metastatic choriocarcinoma involving the gingiva.

A case of metastatic choriocarcinoma involving the mandible is reported. This case is analyzed for the potentiality of immunologic defense by utilizing tuberculin test and scoring the rate of blast formation of peripheral blood lymphocytes by phytohemagglutinin, resulting in a greatly decreased ability of cellular immunity.