Masami Okuzaki

Nutritional and chemical study on newly cultivated mushrooms

エリンギPleurotus eringii, ウスヒラタケpleurotus pulmomrius, アワビタケPleurotus cystidiosus, ヌメリスギタケPholiota adiposa, ササクレヒトヨタケCoPorinus comatusおよびヤナギマツタケAgrocybe cylindraoeaの6種類の市販栽培キノコ類について一般成分, 食物繊維, ミネラル, 糖・糖アルコール, 有機酸および遊離アミノ酸の分析を行った. またトキイロヒラタケPleurotus salmoneostramineusついては糖・糖アルコールおよび有機酸の分析を行った. その結果, エリンギはたんぱく質, カリウムおよび遊離アミノ酸量が少なく, 糖・糖アルコール(特にトレハロース) 量が多かった. ウスヒラタケはたんぱく質, 亜鉛, 有機酸および遊離アミノ酸量が多く, ナトリウムおよび糖・糖アルコール量が少なかった. アワビタケは今回分析したキノコ類の中ではたんぱく質および遊離アミノ酸が比較的少なく, カリウム, カルシウム, 亜鉛および食物繊維量が多かった. ササクレヒトヨタケはたんぱく質, ナトリウム, 糖・糖アルコール (特にトレハロース), 有機酸および遊離アミノ酸量が比較的多く, 食物繊維量は少なかった. ヤナギマッタケとヌメリスギタケは一般成分, 糖. 糖アルコール, 有機酸および遊離アミノ酸量は今回分析した他のキノコ類の中間的な値を示していたが, カリウムおよび食物繊維量はやや多かった. トキイロヒラタケはたんぱく質, リン, 亜鉛および遊離アミノ酸量は多かったが糖・糖アルコールおよび有機酸量は少なかった.

Effect of different strains and supplements on constituents in fruit, Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceum) cultivated on sawdust substrate beding body

We analyzed the proximate composition, total dietary fiber, minerals, free amino acids, free sugars, free sugar alcohol, organic acids and nucleotides in the fruiting body, Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceum) , cultivated on a sawdust substrate bed with differentstrains and supplements in order to make it clear that the cultivation conditions affectthe contents of the fruiting body. The protein, fat, total dietary fiber and nucleotide contentin the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceum showed differences according to thedifferent strains and supplements. And also the mineral, free amino acid, free sugar, freesugaralchol and organic acid content indicated remarkable differences among the differentstrains and supplements, but the major components and their ratio showed the sametendencies regardless of strain and supplements.

Chemical Composition in Vegetable Amaranthus Leaves

Chemical composition was identified in seven species of vegetable amaranthus leaves. Analyses of 100g of fresh vegetables showed the following means:1) Water was 85.6g, crude protein was 3.3g, crude fat was 0.3g, and ash was 3.0g.2) Dietary fibers (DF) were 1.7g (soluble DF), 5.8g (insoluble DF), and total fiber was 7.4g.3) Minerals were Ca 573mg, P 165mg, Fe 1.5mg, Na 8mg, K 1.044mg, Mg 119mg, Zn 797μg, Cu 87μg, and Mn 2mg.4) Vitamins were carotene 8, 888μg, thiamin 0.03mg, riboflavin 0.29mg, niacin 2.5mg, and ascorbic acid 129mg.Vegetable amaranthus leaves were compared with the chemical composition of 115 different vegetables. The amaranthus leaves yielded higher averages as follows: DF 2.5 times, ascorbic acid 3.5 times, carotene 7.4 times, and Ca 8.1 times.