Masao Makiuchi

Analysis of thyroid carcinoma based on material registered in japan during 1977-1 986 with special reference to predominance of papillary type

Background. As geographic differences have been observed in the characteristics of thyroid carcinoma, an analysis was made on thyroid carcinoma in the iodine rich country of Japan.

Effect of guanyl nucleotides on the stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity in human thyroid plasma membranes by thyroid-stimulating hormone and prostaglandin E2

Abstract Thyroid homogenates and thyroid plasma membranes were prepared from human thyroid and the effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin), NaF, and prostaglandins E 1 and E 2 on adenyl cyclase activity in these preparations were studied. The basal level of adenyl cyclase activity in plasma membranes was 5–8 times greater than that of the original homogenates. Adenyl cyclase activity in plasma membranes was stimulated 4.7-fold by 100 munits/ml of thyrotropin and 5-fold by 10 mM of NaF, but the activity in the homogenates was only stimulated 2-fold by either thyrotropin or NaF. Prostaglandin E 1 (10 −6 −10 −3 M) and prostaglandin E 2 (10 −7 −10 −4 M) failed to stimulate adenyl cyclase activity in plasma membranes, but they did stimulate adenyl cyclase activity in the homogenates. A marked stimulatory effect of prostaglandin E 2 (10 −5 M) on adenyl cyclase activity in plasma membranes resumed in the presence of GTP (10 −7 −10 −4 M), although GTP itself only slightly stimulated enzyme activity. GDP and GMP were also effective in this respect, although their potencies varied from compound to compound. GTP potentiated slightly the action of thyrotropin on adenyl cyclase in plasma membranes, but it significantly depressed an increase of enzyme activity produced by NaF. Since GTP did not affect the ATP-regenerating system, it seems that GTP, GDP or GMP was required for the manifestation of prostaglandin E 2 action on adenyl cyclases of human thyroid plasma membranes.

Primary neurilemoma of the thyroid gland: Report of a case

Neurilemoma, like other non-epithelial tumors, seldom occurs in the thyroid gland. A 57-year-old man was first referred to our hospital with an asymptomatic anterior neck tumor. A solid tumor was detected in the right lobe of the thyroid and an enucleation of the thyroid tumor was performed. The tumor was 35×33×33 mm in size, and diagnosed as Antoni A type neurilemoma. We were only able to find seven previously reported detailed cases of primary neurilemoma of the thyroid gland. A review of these cases, however, revealed that neurilemoma tends to develop in the right lobe of the thyroid gland. An operation is thus considered necessary and an enucleation of the tumor is appropriate.

Diagnostic usefulness of201T1-chloride scintigraphy for preoperative localization of parathyroid tumors

Abstract201T1-chloride scintigraphy was performed in 10 patients with hyperparathyroidism to assess the localization of abnormal parathyroid glands. This approach proved to be useful in 8 of 10 patients. In particular, an intramediastinal ectopic gland was clearly demonstrated in one patient. Several disadvantages were noted, however,201Tl-chloride scintigraphy could be the first choice for preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands. If a negative image is obtained, further examinations such as arteriography or parathyroid hormone assay by selective venous blood sampling should be done.

Clinicopathological studies on thyroglossal duct remnant

The clinicopathological findings in 48 cases underwent complete surgical excision of epithelial tissue of the thyoglossal duct remnants were reviewed. Simple incision of the cyst does not seem to have any therapeutic value and would be followed frequently by recurrence. The widely used Sistrunk procedure2,6 surgical excision of the central portion of the hyoid bone together with fibrous tract extending to the base of tongue, seems to be not warranted in some cases so long as complete eradication of the epithelial tissue can be made.