Masieh Abawi

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With the New Balloon-Expandable Sapien 3 Versus Sapien XT Valve System A Propensity Score–Matched Single-Center Comparison

Background—The new balloon-expandable Sapien 3 transcatheter heart valve (S3-THV) incorporates new features to reduce aortic regurgitation (AR) and vascular complications in transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of the S3-THV with the preceding Sapien XT THV (SXT-THV) in patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation for symptomatic severe native aortic stenosis. Methods and Results—Eligible patients were retrospectively identified in our institutional database and periprocedural clinical and imaging data were collected. Non-parsimonious one-to-many propensity score matching was performed to account for differences in baseline characteristics. Between November 2011 and December 2014, 167 patients underwent balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve implantation with either the S3-THV (n=49) or SXT-THV (n=118). Forty-four (89.8%) S3-THV patients were matched to 66 (55.9%) SXT-THV patients (mean age 80.3±8.4 and 80.5±7.8 years, median EuroSCORE 15.8 and 16.5%, respectively). In the S3-THV and SXT-THV groups, transfemoral approach (77.3% versus 78.8%) and postdilatation rates (15.9% versus 12.1%) were similar. Predischarge echocardiography demonstrated a lower incidence of ≥mild AR (15.9% versus 46.2%, P=0.003) for the S3-THV, despite reduced annulus area to prosthesis oversizing (8.2±5.1 versus 18.2±10.7%, P=0.001). Transfemoral access site–related life-threatening or major bleedings and vascular complications were absent in the S3-THV group (0% versus 7.7%, P=0.15). No differences were observed in pacemaker implantation rate (9.8% versus 8.8%, P=0.94) and 30-day mortality (both 5%). Conclusions—In this retrospective, propensity score–matched analysis, the S3-THV performed superiorly to the SXT-THV, as demonstrated by improved valve patency and increased transfemoral access safety.

Incidence, Predictive Factors, and Effect of Delirium After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, predictive factors, and effect of post-operative delirium (POD) among patients treated by transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). BACKGROUND Patients undergoing operations that involve valve replacement appear at higher risk of POD than patients subjected to coronary artery bypass surgery alone. In patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVR, little is known regarding the potential impact of POD on the clinical outcomes. METHODS A retrospective observational cohort study of 268 consecutive patients who underwent TAVR at our institute was conducted. Delirium was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, 4th Edition criteria. The primary outcome of this study was the presence of in-hospital POD after TAVR. RESULTS The incidence of POD after TAVR was 13.4% (n = 36). Of these cases, 18 were associated with post-procedural complications, including major vascular complications/bleeding (n = 4), stroke (n = 3), acute kidney injury (n = 3), atrial fibrillation (n = 4), and infectious disease (n = 4). POD was most frequently diagnosed on the second day after TAVR (interquartile range [IQR]: 1 to 5 days) and was associated with prolonged in-hospital stay regardless of complications (in uncomplicated TAVR: 6 days [IQR: 5 to 10 days] vs. 5 days [IQR: 4 to 5 days]; p < 0.001; and in complicated TAVR: 9 days [IQR: 8 to 15 days] vs. 6 days [IQR: 5 to 9 days]; p < 0.001). Predictors of POD were nontransfemoral (transapical/transaortic) access (odds ratio [OR]: 7.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.26 to 18.1), current smoking (OR: 3.99; 95% CI: 1.25 to 12.8), carotid artery disease (OR: 3.88; 95% CI: 1.50 to 10.1), atrial fibrillation (OR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.17 to 6.37), and age (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.17, per year increase). After a median follow-up of 16 months (IQR: 6 to 27 months), POD remained an independent predictor of mortality in patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR compared with the nontransfemoral TAVR (hazard ratio: 2.81; 95% CI: 1.16 to 6.83 vs. hazard ratio: 0.43; 95% Cl: 0.10 to 1.76), adjusted for possible confounders in a time-dependent Cox-regression model (i.e., age, sex, Logistic EuroSCORE and the occurrence of complications). CONCLUSIONS POD after TAVR has an incidence of around 13% and occurs early in the post-operative course. Nontransfemoral access is strongly associated with the occurrence of POD. Patients who develop POD show prolonged in-hospital stay and impaired long-term survival.

Transcatheter heart valve selection and permanent pacemaker implantation in patients with pre-existent right bundle branch block

Background Right bundle branch block is an established predictor for new conduction disturbances and need for a permanent pacemaker (PPM) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The aim of the study was to evaluate the absolute rates of transcatheter aortic valve replacement related PPM implantations in patients with pre‐existent right bundle branch block and categorize for different transcatheter heart valves. Methods and Results We pooled data on 306 transcatheter aortic valve replacement patients from 4 high‐volume centers in Europe and selected those with right bundle branch block at baseline without a previously implanted PPM. Logistic regression was used to evaluate whether PPM rate differed among transcatheter heart valves after adjustment for confounders. Mean age was 83±7 years and 63% were male. Median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 6.3 (interquartile range, 4.1–10.2). The following transcatheter valve designs were used: Medtronic CoreValve (n=130; Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN); Edwards Sapien XT (ES‐XT; n=124) and Edwards Sapien 3 (ES‐3; n=32; Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA); and Boston Scientific Lotus (n=20; Boston Scientific Corporation, Marlborough, MA). Overall permanent pacemaker implantation rate post‐transcatheter aortic valve replacement was 41%, and per valve design: 75% with Lotus, 46% with CoreValve, 32% with ES‐XT, and 34% with ES‐3. The indication for PPM implantation was total atrioventricular block in 98% of the cases. Lotus was associated with a higher PPM rate than all other valves. PPM rate did not differ between ES‐XT and ES‐3. Ventricular paced rhythm at 30‐day and 1‐year follow‐up was present in 81% at 89%, respectively. Conclusions Right bundle branch block at baseline is associated with a high incidence of PPM implantation for all transcatheter heart valves. PPM rate was highest for Lotus and lowest for ES‐XT and ES‐3. Pacemaker dependency remained high during follow‐up.

Effect of New Cerebral Ischemic Lesions on the Delirium Occurrence After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Although only 2% to 5% of patients develop symptomatic stroke following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), new cerebral lesions have been detected among the majority of these patients using diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI), irrespective of access site strategy [(1

Percutaneous Device to Narrow the Coronary Sinus: Shifting Paradigm in the Treatment of Refractory Angina? A Review of the Literature

Refractory angina pectoris is defined as a chronic debilitating condition characterized by the presence of chronic anginal symptoms due to a severe obstructive and/or diffuse coronary artery disease that cannot be controlled by the combination of medical therapy and/or revascularization (percutaneous or surgical). In addition, the presence of myocardial ischemia as a cause of the symptoms must have been documented. The coronary sinus reducer (CSR) is a recently introduced percutaneous device to treat patients with severe anginal symptoms refractory to optimal medical therapy and not amenable to conventional revascularization. The purpose of this review is to describe the current evidence from available studies measuring the clinical effect of the CSR implantation on the health and well-being of patients with refractory angina.

TCT-722 Clinical Effect of New Cerebral Ischemic Lesions on the Occurrence of Postoperative Delirium after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

METHODS Pub Med and Cochrane serach trough June 2016 for all clinical studies that directly compared EPD to control group in highrisk patients undergoing TAVR using any type of access. Primary outcomes: 30 days stroke and patients who developed new brain lesions by DW-MRI brain. Secondary outcomes: mean number of lesions/patient, volume of lesions/patient and all-cause death. We used Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews and RevMan 5.2 for statistical analysis.

Postoperative Delirium in Individuals Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Delirium After Tavr

To evaluate the incidence of in‐hospital postoperative delirium (IHPOD) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Delirium detection using relative delta power based on 1 minute single-channel EEG: a multicentre study

Background: Delirium is frequently unrecognised. EEG shows slower frequencies (i.e. below 4 Hz) during delirium, which might be useful in improving delirium recognition. We studied the discriminative performance of a brief single‐channel EEG recording for delirium detection in an independent cohort of patients. Methods: In this prospective, multicentre study, postoperative patients aged ≥60 yr were included (n=159). Before operation and during the first 3 postoperative days, patients underwent a 5‐min EEG recording, followed by a video‐recorded standardised cognitive assessment. Two or, in case of disagreement, three delirium experts classified each postoperative day based on the video and chart review. Relative delta power (1–4 Hz) was based on 1‐min artifact‐free EEG. The diagnostic value of the relative delta power was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), using the expert classification as the gold standard. Results: Experts classified 84 (23.3%) postoperative days as either delirium or possible delirium, and 276 (76.7%) non‐delirium days. The AUROC of the relative EEG delta power was 0.75 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.69–0.82]. Exploratory analysis showed that relative power from 1 to 6 Hz had significantly higher AUROC (0.78, 95% CI 0.72–0.84, P=0.014). Conclusions: Delirium/possible delirium can be detected in older postoperative patients based on a single‐channel EEG recording that can be automatically analysed. This objective detection method with a continuous scale instead of a dichotomised outcome is a promising approach for routine detection of delirium. Clinical trial registration: NCT02404181.

TCT-721 Reverse Causality and Effect of Body Mass Index on Clinical Outcomes and all-Cause Mortality after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

We sought to determine whether the obesity paradox exists in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and to explore potential baseline factors that might contribute to it. Overweight and obesity are associated with a decreased life expectancy

TCT-747 Effect of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement on Mid-term Cognitive Outcome - A Prospective Pilot Study.

TCT-746 Placement of a transcatheter valve in a failed transcatheter valve yields lower gradients than implantation in a failed surgical bioprosthesis Gertrud Goppel, Magdalena Erlebach, Yacine Elhmidi, Ruediger Lange, Sabine Bleiziffer German Heart Center Munich, Munich, Germany; German Heart Center Munich, Munich, Germany; National Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine Assisted by Scientific Computing, INCT-MACC, Brazil; German Heart Center Munich, Munich, Germany; Munchen, Germany