Matthew Landau

Acute Toxicity of EDB and Aldicarb to Young of Two Estuarine Fish Species

Aldicarb was found in concentrations above 0.007 mg/l i ter, a recommended upper level, in 13.5% of 8,404 wells examined in Suffolk County, New York, and 16% of these had levels above 0.075 mg/l i ter (Zaki et a l . , 1982). Under most conditions, aldicarb is less stable than EDB and is metabolized to i t s sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfoxide oxime, sulfone oxime, and perhaps several other forms (Richey et al. , 1977). It acts primarily as an inh ib i tor of acetylcholinesterase, resulting in excessive activity of the parasympathetic system, damage to the central nervous system, and overreactivity of voluntary muscles. Gaines (1969) found an LDso for rats of 0.8 mg/kg. The N-nitroso derivative, formed at low pH in the presence of n i t r i te , has induced tumorigenicity in rats (Quarles et a l . , 1979), and causes single-strand breaks in human DNA that are not repaired by the normal DNA repairing events in cells (Blevins et a l . , 1977).

SEX RATIOS OF TWO SPECIES OF SPIDER CRABS, LIBINIA DUBIA H. MILNE EDWARDS, 1834 AND L. EMARGINATA LEACH, 1815, IN THE AREA OF GREAT BAY, NEW JERSEY

Over a 7 year period, Libinia emarginata and L. dubia were sampled in the Great Bay estuary (New Jersey) and the waters immediately adjacent to it, using a beam trawl and an otter trawl. At collection sites where L. emarginata was common, the average male : female ratio was 2.5 : 1. Males were also significantly larger than females.

The nutritional chemistry of the decapsulated cysts of four geographical strains of the brine shrimp Artemia salina (L.)

Abstract 1. 1. Cysts of Artemia salina (L.) from Australia, Colombia, Utah (USA) and San Francisco (USA) were decapsulated and analyzed for their nutritional value. 2. 2. Australian and Colombian strains were high in carbohydrate, Utah and San Francisco strains had high protein contents and the Utah strain had a very high percentage of lipid. 3. 3. The fatty acid profiles of all strains were similar, although the San Francisco and Australian cysts were higher in 22:6 and lower in 18:0 than the other two groups. 4. 4. There did not appear to be any differences in the amino acid contents.

A method for the production of the brine shrimp, Artemia salina leach, in a manure-based system

A two-step method is described in which cattle manure is added to seawater and the resulting elutriate is used for the mass culture of two species of algae—Tetraselmis sp. and Chaetoceros gracilis—and the algae are then fed to the brine shrimp, Artemia salina. An initial biomass of 190 g of brine shrimp increased to 2500 g in 14 days. The system is simple to construct and manage, and may serve as a model for other systems used to support aquaculture facilities or may stand by itself if devoted to the tropical fish hobbyist market.

Mercury content of shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) reared in a wastewater-seawater aquacultural system

Abstract Penaeus vannamei were reared in two ponds, one receiving 10% wastewater in seawater and no feed, and the other receiving only seawater and a prepared commercial feed. The pond receiving the wastewater had significantly more mercury in the sediment, yet shrimp in this pond did not accumulate significant amounts of the mercury in their edible tissue.

The nutritional chemistry of large and small shrimp (Penaeus stylirostris Stimpson) reared in an aquaculture/waste water system

Abstract 1. 1. Penaeus stylirostris Stimpson were grown using high and low stocking densities, and receiving either prepared feeds, or a mixture of 90% sea-water and 10% treated waste water. 2. 2. Shrimp grown in cultures of lower densities were larger than those grown in high density cultures. 3. 3. Those grown with treated waste water had less fatty acid, 18:2, but more fatty acids 16:1 and 22:6, than the controls. 4. 4. Larger shrimp had a greater percentage of protein, total lipid and kcal/g values than small shrimp. The smaller organisms had more fatty acid, 20:5, and glycogen.