Maurel Behling

In vitro organogenesis of rangpur lime

Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck) in vitro organogenesis was studied based on explant type and cytokinin culture media supplementation. Four explants types collected from epicotyl or hypocotyl regions of in vitro germinated seedlings were evaluated. The epicotyl-derived explants consisted of epicotyl segments and the hypocotyl-derived explants consisted of the entire hypocotyl segment, the hypocotyl segment attached to a cotyledon fragment, and the hypocotyl segment divided longitudinally. The explants were cultured on EME culture medium supplemented with benzylaminopurine (0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg L-1). The evaluation was performed after 6 weeks. Best results considering both the explant responsiveness and number of shoots developed per explants were obtained when epicotyl segments-derived explants were evaluated. Considering the explant responsiveness of hypocotyl segments-derived explants no difference was detected between the entire hypocotyl segment and the hypocotyl segment attached to a cotyledon fragment. Moreover, the percentage of responsive explants decreased when hypocotyl segments divided longitudinally were tested. No difference was detected for the number of shoots developed per explant considering the three types of hypocotyl-derived explants. Culture media supplementation with BAP was not essential for Rangpur lime in vitro organogenesis. However, adventitious shoot development was stimulated in concentrations between 0.5 - 1.0 mg L-1.

EMISSÕES DE ÓXIDO NITROSO E METANO DO SOLO EM ÁREAS DE RECUPERAÇÃO DE PASTAGENS NA AMAZÔNIA MATOGROSSENSE

This study evaluates the chemical processes responsible for the nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes in the managed pasture (PM) and unmanaged pasture (PNM). In addition, the impact of nitrogen fertilization on the N2O and CH4 fluxes was assessed. The experiments were conducted on three farms in Alta Floresta city in the state of Mato Grosso. Both regular and intensive samples were collected from PM, PNM, and forest areas for each of the properties. The gases were sampled using static chambers in the morning. Higher N2O fluxes were recorded in the PMs, whereas the CH4 fluxes showed no influence of nitrogen fertilization in both regular and intensive samples. Low fertilizer levels resulted in low N2O emissions.

Eficiência de utilização de nutrientes para formação de raízes finas e médias em povoamento de teca

Knowing root system characteristics aids in the definition of practices of soil preparation and fertilization. The objective of this work was to estimate the biomass, root nutrient content, fine and medium roots length and area and the macronutrient use efficiency for the teak (Tectona grandis) regarding the formation of roots area in different soil depths. The separation of roots from the soil was made stratifying them in thick (> 5 mm), medium (2 to 5 mm) and fine roots ( Ca > N > Mg > P > S. Phosphorus and sulfur are the nutrients with higher use efficiency for roots area formation in teak stands.

Management of Industrial Forest Plantations

This chapter addresses the challenge of developing forest plantations that are financially viable as well as ecologically sustainable. Management requirements to achieve sustainability differ, however, depending on site specific climatic and edaphic characteristics and the needs of the crop. Thus the chapter will focus on the understanding of the principles, aims, strategies and practices relevant to sustainable forest management; on providing knowledge about silvicultural and management practices in fast-growing forest; in providing knowledge of Brazilian forestry as a case aimed at sustainable management of fast-growing eucalypt plantations; on the understanding of the principles and uses of process-based model in the commercial forests