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Dive into the research topics where Mauro Liggi is active.

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Featured researches published by Mauro Liggi.


Endoscopy | 2017

Water exchange for screening colonoscopy increases adenoma detection rate: a multicenter, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial

Sergio Cadoni; Přemysl Falt; Emanuele Rondonotti; Franco Radaelli; Petr Fojtík; Paolo Gallittu; Mauro Liggi; Arnaldo Amato; Silvia Paggi; Vit Smajstrla; Ondřej Urban; Matteo Erriu; Malcolm Koo; Felix W. Leung

Background and study aims Single-center studies, which were retrospective and/or involved unblinded colonoscopists, have suggested that water exchange, but not water immersion, compared with air insufflation significantly increases the adenoma detection rate (ADR), particularly in the proximal and right colon. Head-to-head comparison of the three techniques with ADR as primary outcome and blinded colonoscopists has not been reported to date. In a randomized controlled trial with blinded colonoscopists, we aimed to evaluate the impact of the three insertion techniques on ADR. Patients and methods A total of 1224 patients aged 50 - 70 years (672 males) and undergoing screening colonoscopy were randomized 1:1:1 to water exchange, water immersion, or air insufflation. Split-dose bowel preparation was adopted to optimize colon cleansing. After the cecum had been reached, a second colonoscopist who was blinded to the insertion technique performed the withdrawal. The primary outcome was overall ADR according to the three insertion techniques (water exchange, water immersion, and air insufflation). Secondary outcomes were other pertinent overall and right colon procedure-related measures. Results Baseline characteristics of the three groups were comparable. Compared with air insufflation, water exchange achieved a significantly higher overall ADR (49.3 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 44.3 % - 54.2 % vs. 40.4 % 95 %CI 35.6 % - 45.3 %; P  = 0.03); water exchange showed comparable overall ADR vs. water immersion (43.4 %, 95 %CI 38.5 % - 48.3 %; P  = 0.28). In the right colon, water exchange achieved a higher ADR than air insufflation (24.0 %, 95 %CI 20.0 % - 28.5 % vs. 16.9 %, 95 %CI 13.4 % - 20.9 %; P  = 0.04) and a higher advanced ADR (6.1 %, 95 %CI 4.0 % - 9.0 % vs. 2.5 %, 95 %CI 1.2 % - 4.6 %; P = 0.03). Compared with air insufflation, the mean number of adenomas per procedure was significantly higher with water exchange (P = 0.04). Water exchange achieved the highest cleanliness scores (overall and in the right colon). These variables were comparable between water immersion and air insufflation. Conclusions The design with blinded observers strengthens the validity of the observation that water exchange, but not water immersion, can achieve significantly higher adenoma detection than air insufflation. Based on this evidence, the use of water exchange should be encouraged.Trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02041507).


Digestive and Liver Disease | 2016

Insertion water exchange increases right colon adenoma and hyperplastic polyp detection rates during withdrawal

Sergio Cadoni; Přemysl Falt; Stefano Sanna; Mariangela Argiolas; Viviana Fanari; Paolo Gallittu; Mauro Liggi; Donatella Mura; Maria L. Porcedda; Vit Smajstrla; Matteo Erriu; Felix W. Leung

BACKGROUND Single site studies in male Veterans in the U.S. reported increased detection of presumptive cancer precursors (adenomas, hyperplastic polyps) in the proximal colon (cecum-splenic flexure) by water exchange. AIMS Assess the reproducibility of the observation. METHODS Analysis of secondary outcomes collected prospectively in 3 similarly designed randomized controlled trials using water exchange, water immersion and insufflation (air or carbon dioxide). MAIN OUTCOME detection rates of adenomas and hyperplastic polyps in proximal, transverse and right colon (cecum-ascending). RESULTS 704 males (173 screening) were evaluated. In the proximal colon, WE showed increased detection of small adenomas (p=0.009) and adenomas plus hyperplastic polyps (p=0.015) (vs insufflation); increased detection of adenomas plus hyperplastic polyps of any size (p=0.045) and of small size (p=0.04) (vs water immersion). In the right colon water exchange increased detection of small adenomas (19% vs 12.1%, p=0.04) (vs insufflation); small adenomas (19% vs 12%, p=0.038), adenomas plus hyperplastic polyps of any size (25% vs 16.7%, p=0.028) and of small size (23.7% vs 14.6%, p=0.012) (vs water immersion). Water exchange significantly improved bowel cleanliness. Sedation had no impact on lesion detection. CONCLUSIONS Water exchange is a superior insertion technique for detection of adenomas and hyperplastic polyps primarily in the right colon, especially those of small size.


World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy | 2016

Evidence to suggest adoption of water exchange deserves broader consideration: Its pain alleviating impact occurs in 90% of investigators

Sergio Cadoni; Mauro Liggi; Premysl Falt; Stefano Sanna; Mariangela Argiolas; Viviana Fanari; Paolo Gallittu; Donatella Mura; Maria L. Porcedda; Vit Smajstrla; Matteo Erriu; Felix W. Leung

AIM To determine whether observations were reproducible among investigators. METHODS From March 2013 through June 2014, 18-85-year-old diagnostic and 50-70-year-old screening patients were enrolled at each center to on-demand sedation colonoscopy with water exchange (WE), water immersion (WI) and insufflation with air or CO2 for insertion and withdrawal [air or carbon dioxide (AICD)]. Data were aggregated for analysis. PRIMARY OUTCOME Variations in real-time maximum insertion pain (0 = none, 1-2 = discomfort, 10 = worst). RESULTS One thousand and ninety-one cases analyzed: WE (n = 371); WI (n = 338); AICD (n = 382). Demographics and indications were comparable. The WE group had the lowest real-time maximum insertion pain score, mean (95%CI): WE 2.8 (2.6-3.0), WI 3.8 (3.5-4.1) and AICD 4.4 (4.1-4.7), P < 0.0005. Ninety percent of the colonoscopists were able to use water exchange to significantly decrease maximum insertion pain scores. One investigator had high insertion pain in all groups, nonetheless WE achieved the lowest real-time maximum insertion pain score. WE had the highest proportions of patients with painless unsedated colonoscopy (vs WI, P = 0.013; vs AICD, P < 0.0005); unsedated colonoscopy with only minor discomfort (vs AICD, P < 0.0005), and completion without sedation (vs AICD, P < 0.0005). CONCLUSION Aggregate data confirm superiority of WE in lowering colonoscopy real-time maximum insertion pain and need for sedation. Ninety percent of investigators were able to use water exchange to significantly decrease maximum insertion pain scores. Our results suggest that the technique deserves consideration in a broader scale.


United European gastroenterology journal | 2018

Underwater endoscopic colorectal polyp resection: Feasibility in everyday clinical practice

Sergio Cadoni; Mauro Liggi; Paolo Gallittu; Donatella Mura; Lorenzo Fuccio; Malcolm Koo; Sauid Ishaq

Background Endoscopic mucosal resection is well-established for resecting flat or sessile benign colon polyps. The novel underwater endoscopic mucosal resection eschews submucosal injection prior to endoscopic mucosal resection. Reports about underwater endoscopic mucosal resection were limited to small series of single and/or tertiary-care referral centers, with single or supervised operators. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine feasibility and efficacy of underwater resection of polyps of any morphology (underwater polypectomy, here includes underwater endoscopic mucosal resection) in routine clinical practice. Methods This study involved a comparison of colonoscopy records of two community hospitals (January 2015–December 2016) for underwater polypectomy (n = 195) and gas insufflation polypectomy (n = 186). Results Comparable demographics, procedural data, overall distribution, morphology and size of resected lesions, number of en bloc and R0 resections (any polyp morphology and size); exception: overall, underwater polypectomy pedunculated polyps were significantly larger than those in the gas insufflation polypectomy group, p = 0.030. Underwater polypectomy (median, min) resection time was significantly shorter than gas insufflation polypectomy: sessile and flat polyps 6–9 mm, 0.8 vs 2.7 (p = 0.040); 10–19 mm, 2.0 vs 3.3 (p = 0.025), respectively; pedunculated polyps 6–19 mm, 0.8 vs 3.3 (p < 0.001). Underwater polypectomy resection of pedunculated polyps 6–19 mm showed significantly less immediate bleeding: 11.1% vs 1.5%, respectively (p = 0.031). Conclusions Underwater polypectomy can be efficaciously used in routine clinical practice for the complete resection of colon polyps, with several advantages over gas insufflation polypectomy.


Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology | 2015

Water Exchange Is the Least Painful Colonoscope Insertion Technique and Increases Completion of Unsedated Colonoscopy

Sergio Cadoni; Přemysl Falt; Paolo Gallittu; Mauro Liggi; Donatella Mura; Vit Smajstrla; Matteo Erriu; Felix W. Leung


Digestive Diseases and Sciences | 2016

Impact of Colonoscopy Insertion Techniques on Adenoma Detection

Sergio Cadoni; Přemysl Falt; Stefano Sanna; Mariangela Argiolas; Viviana Fanari; Paolo Gallittu; Mauro Liggi; Donatella Mura; Maria L. Porcedda; Vit Smajstrla; Matteo Erriu; Felix W. Leung


Gastrointestinal Endoscopy | 2017

Impact of carbon dioxide insufflation and water exchange on postcolonoscopy outcomes in patients receiving on-demand sedation: a randomized controlled trial

Sergio Cadoni; Přemysl Falt; Paolo Gallittu; Mauro Liggi; Vit Smajstrla; Felix W. Leung


Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology | 2018

Water Exchange Produces Significantly Higher Adenoma Detection Rate Than Water Immersion: Pooled Data From 2 Multisite Randomized Controlled Trials

Felix W. Leung; Malcolm Koo; Sergio Cadoni; Premysl Falt; Yu-Hsi Hsieh; Arnaldo Amato; Matteo Erriu; Petr Fojtík; Paolo Gallittu; Chi-Tan Hu; Joseph W. Leung; Mauro Liggi; Silvia Paggi; Franco Radaelli; Emanuele Rondonotti; Vit Smajstrla; Chih-Wei Tseng; Ondrej Urban


Gastroenterology | 2017

Water Exchange (WE) Significantly Raises Adenoma Detection Rate (ADR) Compared with Water Immersion (WI) and Air Insufflation (AI) - Pooled Data from Two Multi-Site Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT)

Felix W. Leung; Malcolm Koo; Sergio Cadoni; Premysl Falt; Yu-Hsi Hsieh; Arnaldo Amato; Matteo Erriu; Petr Fojtík; Paolo Gallittu; Chi-Tan Hu; Joseph W. Leung; Mauro Liggi; Silvia Paggi; Franco Radaelli; Emanuele Rondonotti; Vit Smajstrla; Chih Wei Tseng; Ondrej Urban


Gastrointestinal Endoscopy | 2016

Mo1005 Impact of Carbon Dioxide Insufflation and Water Exchange on Post-Colonoscopy Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sergio Cadoni; Premysl Falt; Paolo Gallittu; Mauro Liggi; Vit Smajstrla; Felix W. Leung

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Felix W. Leung

University of California

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