Mehmet Çulha

Seasonal distribution of fish eggs and larvae off sinop (the southern Black Sea) in 1999-2000

The seasonal distribution of fish eggs and larvae off Sinop, the central southern Black Sea, was studied by using vertical and horizontal tows at two stations at biweekly intervals between January 1999 and November 2000. Besides basic oceanographic parameters, macro gelatinous was also sampled to evaluate their relation to fish eggs and larvae. Eggs or larvae of a total 23 fish species were present in the samples. Most of the species were found to occur during spring and summer. It is observed that especially anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) eggs and larvae were highly abundant during this period. Additionally, beginning from May, the eggs and larvae of species, such as Mullus barbatus, Solea lascaris, Trachurus mediterraneus, Ctenolabrus sp., Blennidae and Gobiidae were represented in samples. In the colder period of the year, early life stages of sprat (Sprattus sprattus) were dominant in ichthyoplankton. According to overall quantitative evaluation, anchovy (87%) had superiority in abundance among egg samples and Gobius sp. (35%) among larvae samples.

The seasonal distribution of heavy metals in Mussel sample from Yalova in the Marmara Sea, 2008–2009

Concentration of the some heavy metals (Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from Yalova (Marmara Sea) were investigated seasonally. The mean concentrations of Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in the soft tissues were 4.08 ± 0.67, 5.54 ± 0.59, 156.72 ± 20.18, 3.71 ± 1.14, 2.92 ± 0.51 and 106.23 ± 5.66xa0mgxa0kgu2009−u20091 dry weights, respectively. There were no significant differences between the metal concentrations among the seasons (Pu2009> 0.05). The mean Pb and Zn concentrations were higher than the acceptable limit proposed by International Turkish standards.