Metin Denli

DNA damage in children treated with imipramine for primary nocturnal enuresis.

Background : Despite the fact that primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is self‐limited and pathologically benign, the emotional stress and inconvenience that it produces, warrants treatment. Imipramine is one of the widely used drugs in PNE treatment. Although some mutagenic effects were suggested in imipramine administration, this toxicity has never been investigated in enuretic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of exposure to imipramine with DNA damage.

Selenium and zinc levels in volatile substance abusers

Plasma and erythrocyte levels of selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) have not been investigated in volatile (inhalant) substance abusers previously, although changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes resulting from oxidative damage caused by various constituents of volatile substances have been shown in a few animal and human studies. Concentrations of these two elements in erythrocytes and plasma of 37 adolescents with inhalant abuse were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and compared with those of 37 age-matched healthy controls. Erythrocyte and plasma levels of Se and plasma level of Zn were significantly lower in the study group when compared to the control group. Chronic inhalation of volatile substances can decrease the plasma levels of Se and Zn and, thus, may lead to a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzyme systems in adolescent abusers. The role of Se and Zn supplementation in children with inhalant abuse remains to be determined considering the reduced antioxidant activity resulting from deficiency of these trace elements.

Analysis of DNA Damage Using the Comet Assay in Infants Fed Cow’s Milk

It has been hypothesized that non-human milk feeding may increase the risk for cancer or for a specific cancer or group of cancers as well as the risk for diseases such as type-1 diabetes mellitus and Crohn’s disease. Regarding DNA damage leading to cancer development in the absence of human milk protection, a comparison between infants fed human milk and cow’s milk has been performed. Each group consisted of 35 infants, whose ages ranged from 9 to 12 months. The level of DNA damage in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of infants has been studied by the comet assay. A significant increase has been found in the number of limited DNA-damaged (p < 0.001) and extensive DNA-damaged (p < 0.001) cells of infants fed cow’s milk. To our knowledge, this is the first study using the comet assay on infants not breast-fed. Supporting our previous SCE study, these results suggest that there is some level of DNA damage in the lymphocytes of infants not breast-fed and this may lead to malignancy in childhood or later in life.

Preliminary study on DNA damage in non breast‐fed infants

Background : There are many advantages of human milk for infants, including protection against cancer development and the advantages have been emphasized in several studies. In this study, infants fed by human milk has been compared with those fed by cow’s milk concerning DNA damage.

Evaluation of DNA damage using the comet assay in children on long-term benzathine penicillin for secondary prophylaxis of rheumatic fever

Abstract Backround : Benzathine penicillin is the most widely used antibiotic in the prophylaxis of children with rheumatic fever. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the DNA damage in children receiving one dose of 1.2 million units benzathine penicillin every 4 weeks over a long period to prevent recurrences of rheumatic fever.

Sister-Chromatid Exchange Analysis on Long-Term Benzathine Penicillin For Secondary Prophylaxis of Rheumatic Fever

A single intra-muscular injection of 1.2 millions units of benzathine penicillin every 4 weeks is the most widely used method for the antibiotic prophylaxis of rheumatic fever. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of long-term benzathine penicillin on DNA in patients with rheumatic fever. Thirty children with confirmed rheumatic fever who were on the benzathine penicillin prophylaxis were enrolled in the study, and 30 similar normal children served as a control group. To detect any DNA damage, SCE analysis were performed in circulating lymphocytes of the subjects. A statistically significant increased frequency of SCE was observed in children on the benzathine penicillin prophylaxis (no = 30, mean SCEs / cell ± SD 7.54 ± 1.81 ) as compared to a control group (no = 30, mean SCEs / cell ± SD 5.82 ± 1.40). It has been suggested that the difference in the SCE frequencies was induced by the administration of the benzathine penicillin for a long time, and further investigations are needed to confirm this toxic effect.

The use of the corpus cavernosum for the administration of phenobarbital: an experimental study in dogs

Status epilepticus (SE) is classically defined as a generalized tonic-clonic seizure lasting longer than 30 min. Prolonged seizure activity can be resulted in irreversible cerebral injury. In addition, the existence evidence suggests that the longer the duration of the seizure activity is less likely to be controlled. The intravenous (IV) access is frequently difficult during SE, especially in infants and neonates. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that high volumes of fluid can be injected into the corpora cavernosa. In this study, phenobarbital (PB) was administered to dogs using both IV and intracavernous (IC) routes with a dose of 20 mg/kg. The time period required to establish the IC route was less than 5 s. The levels of PB in the blood were measured and all results were compared. There was no statistically significant difference between the IV and IC administration with regard of the blood PB levels. Within 48 h of the experiment, none of animals demonstrated any evidence of infection or disability. Our findings suggest that the IC route may be an alternative route for the administration of PB when venous access is not immediately available or if it is not possible to achieve.

Intracavernous application of diazepam: an alternative route of the seizure treatment--an experimental study in rabbits.

Backround : There is a general need to terminate seizures as soon as possible using anticonvulsant drugs via an intravenous (i.v.) route, but it is often difficult to achieve a secure i.v. line during the seizure, especially in children. However, it has been demonstrated that high volumes of fluid can be injected into the corpora cavernosa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the absorption properties of diazepam (DZ) after intracavernous (i.c.) administration and whether therapeutically significant plasma concentrations can be obtained or not.

Administration of Anticonvulsant Drugs by the Intraperitoneal Route

SuleymanDemirel Universitesi TIP FAKULTESI DERGISI: 1999 Eylul; 6(3) Administration ofAnticonvulsant Drugs by the Intraperitoneal Route Rusen Dundaroz, Tuncer Degim, Ali Sizlan, Mehmet Yasar, Metin Denli, Ugur Tamer Abstract Status epilepticus or seizures cause serious brain damages and irreversible cerebral injury if it prolongs and it is essential to terminate seizure rapidly. Antiepileptic drugs can be introduced to the patients intravenously (IV), hut it is almost impossible to achieve IV access during the seizure. Intraperitoneal (IP) route can be accessible but, IP route of administration of antiepileptic drugs has not been used so far. Therefore the possibility of IP administration of anti epileptic drugs was investigated in this study. Antiepileptic drug (diazepam, phenytoin or phenobarbital) was introduced rabbits and dogs by IV and IP routes and blood samples were collected by the time during the period of 60 to 120 minutes. Blood samples vere analyzed and drug contents -were determined. The plasma profiles of antiepileptic drugs were obtained and compared. The plasma profiles of antiepileptic drugs were found to be low when they were administered by IP route. It was concluded that the IP administration of antiepileptic drugs could not be an alternative route to IV administration. Key Words: Convulsion, anticonvulsant drugs, Intraperitoneal route Antikonvulzon Ilaclarin Intraperitonal Yoldan Verilmeleri Ozet Epilepsi veya epilepsi nobeti ciddi beyin hasarlarina neden olabilir, ve eger fazla uzun surerse geri donussuz beyin harabiyetine neden olabilir, bu nedenle nobetin suratle durdurulmasi oldukca onemlidir. Antiepileptik ilaclar hastalara intravenoz(IV) yolla verilebilir ancak nobetler esnasinda hastaya IV ulasim hemen hemen imkansizdir ancak intraperitonal(IP)yol ile ilac verilmesi mumkundur.