Michal Angelovič

Oilseed rape as feedstock for biodiesel production in relation to the environment and human health.

Oilseed rape is one of the most important crops in cultivation process. A current developmental trend in non-food rapeseed production on agricultural land shows that this new course is irreversible and is a great opportunity for agriculture. Non-food rapeseed production is focused on the production of biodiesel. Biodiesel has good environmental properties. Lower emissions are produced by the combustion of biodiesel than for diesel. In content of exhaust gas is observed a significant decrease of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, particulate matter and etc. The analysis of the literary knowledge on impacts of biodiesel on exhaust emissions, on regulated emissions, shows a reduction of 10.1% for particulate matter, of 21.1% for hydrocarbons, and 11.0% for carbon monoxide with the use of B20. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) increased by 2.0%. Biodiesel was introduced into the European market in the 1988s as B100. The use of blends with content up to 5% biodiesel has no significant impact on the emissions and their toxicity. An increased mutagenicity was observed with blends containing 20%. Nevertheless, increased mutagenic effects were observed under specific conditions. Accordingly, the problem concerning blends of diesel fuel with biodiesel (B20) should be investigated with high priority. No comprehensive risk assessment for diesel engine emissions from biodiesel and its blends is possible In regard to a comprehensive hazard characterization it is urged to develop a panel of standardized and internationally accepted protocols which allow a reliable assessment of possible health hazards which may arise from the combustion of new fuels compared to conventional diesel fuel. These methods should be robust and should reflect the various health hazards associated with diesel engine emissions to supplement data on regulated emissions. Methods for the generation of the exhaust and sample preparation should be harmonized. There is sufficient evidence supporting a causal relationship between diesel engine emissions and acute health effects, as are childhood asthma, non-asthma respiratory symptoms, impaired lung function, total and cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular morbidity. Although, diesel engine emissions exposures in developed countries changed strongly during recent years, reliable animal experiments or epidemiological studies concerning the use of new fuels and technologies are almost lacking. doi:10.5219/278

Industrially processed oilseed rape in the production of table eggs

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of feed mixtures with varying proportions of rape cakes to the weight of table eggs, its components, thickness and strength of egg shell. The eggs were from the final laying hybrid ISA Brown reared in the enriched cage system under experimental conditions. An age of laying hens was from 48 to 54 weeks. Egg weight and its components were measured on scales type KERN 440-35N, with an accuracy of 0.01 g and a maximum weight of 400 g. Egg white weight was calculated. The thickness and strength of the egg shell were measured from the dried samples at 55 °C. From each egg shell were cut 3 pcs of samples in the equatorial plane, one sample from the blunt end and one sample from the sharp end. Egg shell thickness was measured by test instrument SOME, type 60/0.01mm with a range of 0 - 10 mm. Egg shell strength was measured according to test instrument Instron with the small body, having a diameter 4.48 mm to exert pressure on the egg shell. The obtained data were assessed in the program system SAS, version 8.2. Based on the results observed in egg weight of our experiment we can conclude that in the group with share 5% of rape cakes was non-statistically significant ( p >0.05) decreased egg weight compared to the control group. Egg weight was reduced in the group with share 10% of rape cakes, which confirmed a statistically significant difference compared to egg weight of control group ( p ˂0.05). The differences among experimental groups with share 5% and 10% of rape cakes in feed mixture and as well as to control group were not statistically significant ( p >0.05) in weight of egg yolk, egg white, egg shell and egg shell strength. Egg shell thickness was no statistically significant ( p >0.05) increased in experimental group with share 5% of rape cakes and decreased in experimental group with share 10% of rape cakes versus control group. Increase of egg shell thickness in experimental group with share 5% of rape cakes versus decrease in experimental group with share 10% of rape cakes was statistically significant ( p <0.05).

Assessing the Technical Condition of Inspected Vehicles in Reporting Period

Abstract Vehicle emissions inspection represents a fast, relatively efective in terms of time and cost, and mainly comprehensive estimation of vehicle emissions. Procedurally, emissions inspection includes those inspection operations that focus not only on analysing exhaust gases but also on detecting the functionality and tightness of other engine components directly afecting the ecological friendliness of inspected vehicle‘s engine. Our study describes the results of vehicles inspected at an emissions inspection station for the reporting period. Based on the analysis of information obtained from the National Transport Authority of the Slovak Republic concerning the evaluation of vehicles according to individual categories, it can be alleged that the technical condition of vehicles of M1 and N1 categories is gradually improving.

Implementation of a New Methodology of Emission Inspections in Motor Vehicles with an Advanced Emission System

Abstract This paper focuses on the implementation of a new exhaust-emission measurement system of motor vehicles equipped with a petrol engine and an advanced emission system. Our study deals with new methods of emission inspections using on-board diagnostics in order to increase the efficiency of emission inspection itself. The aim of implementing the new method of emission measurement is to eliminate vehicles that contribute to air pollution with emissions, due to an insufficient technical condition of the petrol engine fuel supply system.

Assessment of a Transport Company in Terms of Performance Utilisation of Vehicles

Abstract Our study is focused on solution opportunities of national road freight transport in a selected company in terms of performance utilisation of vehicles. The indicators of time and performance utilisation of lorries and their trailer units are used for analysing the transport company. Based on correlative assessment, it is possible to determine the effects of year-to-year performance variations of vehicles in terms of running performances, transport performances, average travel distance and average loading.