Mihnea Costoiu

Smart campus-an energy integrated approach

This paper analyzes the optimized operation of smart campus on the electricity market for maximizing his overall profit. The smart campus has the character of a virtual power plant with distributed energy resources with stochastic power and dispatchable classical generating units. The load is represented by the campus consumptions which can be shifted daily to accomplish the desired goals. This smart campus optimizes the use of electrical energy through exchanged electricity with the market and thermal energy through internal production such that to maximize his yearly profit.

EAF Management Optimization

The article presents the main advantages of electric arc furnace (EAF): it has a great contribution to reintroduce significant quantities of reusable metallic materials in the economic circuit, it constitutes itself as an important part in the Primary Materials and Energy Recovery (PMER), good productivity, good quality / price ratio, the possibility of developing a wide variety of classes and types of steels, including special steels and high alloy. In this paper it is presented some important developments of electric arc furnace: vacuum electric arc furnace, artificial intelligence expert systems for pollution control Steelworks. Another important aspect presented in the article is an original block diagram for optimization the EAF management system. This scheme is based on the original objective function (criterion function) represented by the price / quality ratio. The article presents an original block diagram for optimization the control system of the EAF. For designing this concept of EAF management system, many principles were used.

Marketing Management Elements

The article takes as a starting point several complementary definitions of marketing. Also present several key points related to marketing policy: defining the position that the company will occupy on the market with respect to competition, fixing the image with what will approach the market, achieving a balance between turnover rates profit and expenses as a condition for the survival of the company. In below article it is proposed an original concept of marketing management. This concept takes into consideration on the one hand correlations between company position in the market definition and on the other hand the image received by customers. The ultimate goal of this original concept of marketing management is to ensure an effective balance between: the turnover rate of profit and expenses of the company.

Power quality management in a syderurgic factory

The present paper deals with the case study of an existing ac arc furnace facility. A field measuring campaign was carried out for an industrial consumer. One of the many aspects of power quality that can affect electricity users is voltage fluctuation that causes lights to flicker. The main power quality indices regarding flicker levels are reported in the paper with reference to the current standards.

Smart City to improve power quality

In recent decades there have been major changes in production systems, electricity transmission, both from the technological point of view that regulatory and economic. European community is moving in the direction of Smart City (SC) and ICT in order to achieve the objectives of the 20-20-20 energy efficiency, energy conservation and use of renewable sources in 2020. Another element that determines this choice, it can be the improvement that can be done through the relationships between smart city, smart grid and power quality (PQ). The Smart City brings many new challenges on PQ; these should result in the introduction of new technology through intelligent use of them. This paper gives an overview of the smart city development, watching them from the point of view of the power quality.

Energy-informatic-centric smart campus

An energy-informatic-centric smart campus represents a viable structure addressing to different groups of users, like: students, teachers/educators, researchers and technical administrators, using information and communications technology system interface for accessing various services and requiring real time information regarding university buildings energy consumption and production, air quality and environmental conditions. This paper deals with the ongoing implementation of a smart campus infrastructure based on an informatic hierarchical system for monitoring and controlling energy consumption and production within a large number of buildings within the university campus. This system can minimize the overall campus exploitation costs using as much as possible the internal energy resources, like high efficiency combined heat and power units and photovoltaic installations, in strong correlation with the objective of high level educational and research activities.

Optimizing DISCOs planning for networks with distributed energy resources

This paper deals with distribution companies (DISCOs) point of view on opportunities of optimizing investments planning and operation costs, considering possible increase and geographical displacement of high consumption buses, increasing the consumption at different time instants in other buses, by optimally installing and sizing distributed energy resources. The optimization problem is sizing and locating the distributed energy resources within the grid. The results are used for minimizing the planning and operation costs associated with power losses, and for preserving the voltage level in all the nodes within the admissible limits. We want to compare the value of the investment costs needed to strengthen the distribution network due to the problems caused by the increase in the electricity consumption, with the value of the economic losses caused by the drastic reduction of the electricity purchased and transited through the network. In all moments, a perfect balance between generation and consumption, including the various operating states of the storage units, must be ensured. Optimal power flow is performed for determining the susceptible nodes and lines for reinforcement. The stochastic charging time of storage and electric vehicles supply, as well as the production from renewable sources will be also considered.

AC vs. HVDC Back to Back Interconnection cost benefit analysis

In this article was examined the technical and economic potential of connecting the high voltage electricity networks of three countries with a new high voltage transmission line. The analysis investigated options and technical recommendations for the optimal configuration a 750 kV transmission corridor. In doing so, it was recognized reconnection of the corridor holds the promise of improving energy security and increasing electricity trade between them by providing a new connection between the synchronous zone and the continental region of Europe. It was calculated the maximum regional generation cost savings resulting from the exchange of electricity via a new interconnecting line as described in each scenario.

Management elements for the spatial organization of enterprises from the metallic materials industry

The spatial organization of enterprises is of great importance for the metallic materials industry (metallurgy), given the diversity and complexity of the technological processes and the related equipment. In an enterprise from the metallic materials industry, there may be sections for: production, casting, forging, mechanical (hot and / or cold) processing, assembly etc. for the different stages of the technological process related to the products to be made. The article presents theoretical and practical elements regarding the management of the spatial organization of enterprises in the metallic materials industry. The principles and methods of spatial organization are presented and analyzed. These principles and methods are based on the biunivocal relation between the functional and constructive changes related to the technologies and equipment (machinery, aggregates) specific to the metallic material industry. Prescribing (establishing) the objective function (OF) of the technological processes modeling system in the metallic materials industry is based on the qualitative economic analysis of these processes.

Game theory and competitive aspects in electricity markets

The liberalization of electricity markets in Europe was a highly-debated topic in the last thirty years. Almost three decades after the start of the deregulation processes, performances obtained by the introduction of competition in the electricity markets are still difficult to be perceived by final consumers. Until now, the assumption that the deregulated electricity markets naturally generate lower prices for consumers and economic efficiency has not been verified yet. In a deregulated electricity marketplace, participants are more interested in maximizing their own profits rather than contributing the system-wide benefits. Moreover, the particular features of the electricity industry determine electricity market participants to be more aggressive in their bidding strategies. Therefore, studying the bidding strategies of the electricity market participants becomes an important issue. In this paper, the bidding strategies for three classical power producers are analyzed for different level of power system demand in single-auction market.