Min-Woong Jung

Study on Summer Forage Crop Cultivation Using SCB (Slurry Composting-Biofilteration) Liquid Fertilizer on Reclaimed Land

Until now, The experiment about the forage crop have been almost not conducted on the reclaimed land. Therefore, this experiment was carried out in order to know productivity of summer forage crop using slurry composting-biofilteration (SCB) liquid fertilizer on reclaimed land of Hwaong and Sukmoon in korea from 2008 to 2009. The forage crops used in this experiment were corn and sorghum×sorghum hybrid which are used as summer forage crops in South Korea. The experiment was treated with chemical fertilizer (CF), swine slurry (SS) and SCB liquid fertilizer. Dry matter (DM) yield of corn was higher than those of sorghum × sorghum hybrid in both reclaimed lands but the effect of SCB liquid fertilizer was not appeared. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of corn were lower than those of sorghum × sorghum hybrid. The crude protein (CP) content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of corn were higher than those of sorghum × sorghum hybrid. In generally feed values of corn were higher than those of sorghum × sorghum hybrid. The results of this study showed that summer forage crop cultivation using uses SCB liquid fertilizer on reclaimed land are possible.

Lactobacillus plantarum Improves the Nutritional Quality of Italian Ryegrass with Alfalfa Mediated Silage

ABSTRACT The present study was planned to analyze the nutritional quality, microbial counts and fermentative acids in Italian ryegrass (IRG) 80% and alfalfa 20% (IRG-HV) mediated silage inoculated with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a probiotic strain for 3 months. Crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and In- vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), yeast and fungi counts and fermentation metabolites such as lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acids were analyzed. The result shows that the nutritional quality and metabolite profiles of silage were significantly improved with LAB. For microbial counts, LAB showed dominant followed by yeast as compared with control silage. The pH of the silage also reduced significantly when silage inoculated with LAB. The result confirmed that silage preparation using different crops with L. plantarum inoculation is most beneficial for the farmers.(

Evaluation of Fermentation Ability of Microbes for Whole Crop Barley Silage Inoculant

This experiment was conducted to develop a new silage inoculant for barley at forage analysis laboratory, Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA from 2000 to 2002. Barley is very important crop in Korea. The great part of them is utilized as forage. Generally, it contains a lot of grains that are feed of animal, especially whole crop silage in ruminant. Efficient lactic acid bacteria were isolated from good barley silage by plating MRS agar containing 0.02% sodium azide, and assessed by growing and acid producing ability in MRS broth. Four lactic acid bacteria were selected, and were found to be Gram positive, rods and catalase negative and were identified to be Lactobacillus plantarum on the basis of the biochemical characteristics and utilization of substrates. Barley was ensiled at dough stage following treatment with four lactic acid bacteria, commercial inoculant, and no additive (control). After 2 months, B2-2 bacteria inoculated silage was lower pH and higher lactic acid content than others treatments. The Flieg`s score and grade of B2-2 bacteria treated silage were higher than commercial inoculant. According to this experiment, Lactobacillus plantarum B2-2 (NLRI 201) was recommendable for good silage inoculant of whole crop barley silage.

Yield and Nutritive Value of Spring-seeded Early and Late Maturity Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)

This experiment was carried out to know the possibility for cultivation of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) by spring seeding in Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan from 2007 to 2008. In spring seeding cultivation, heading date of early maturity variety, `Kospeed`, was on 14 May, but late maturity variety, `Hwasan 101`, was not heading up to harvesting date. Dry matter yield of `Kospeed` (6,819 kg/ha) was higher than that of `Hwasan 101` (4,409 kg/ha) by 55%. Crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients(TDN) of `Kospeed` were 15.6% and 62.1%, respectively and that of `Hwasan 101` were 20.3%, and 67.5%. In these result, when cultivation of Italian ryegrass by spring seeding, selection of early maturity variety have a decided advantage for high productivity.

Effect of Application of Swine Slurry on Productivity of Sorghum×Sorghum Hybrid and Soil Environment in Reclaimed Land

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of application of swine slurry (SS) and slurry composting-biofilteration liquid fertilizer (SCB) on productivity of sorghum×sorghum hybrid (SSH) and soil environment in reclaimed land of Sukmoon in Korea. Dry matter (DM) yields of SSH in the treatments of SS and chemical fertilizer (CF) were higher than those of in SCB treatment in reclaimed land, but DM yields in SS and CF did not show a significant difference as compared to SCB. Nutritive values of SSH were not different among CF, SS and SCB. In soil samples collected at the end of the experiment, the concentration of organic matter was significantly increased by SS and SCB as compare to that at the beginning of the experiment(P<0.05), whereas the concentration of total nitrogen was not affected by SS and SCB. To investigate the moisture content of soil, the soils were collected from three layers; surface (0~5 cm), intermediate (10~15 cm), and deep (20~25 cm) layer. The moisture contents of soils increased according to the soil depth and the soil moisture was immediately affected by the amount of rainfall. Therefore, we suggest that the cultivation of SSH using SS in reclaimed land is possible and that additional nitrogen fertilizer was surely applied in case of application of SCB to cultivate SSH. (Key words : Reclaimed land, Swine slurry, Sorghum ×Sorghum hybrid, Nutritive value)

Effect of Early Harvest on the Forage Yield, Quality and Regrowth of Italian Ryegrass and Barley Sown in Early Spring

ABSTRACTThis study was carried out to determine the forage yield, quality, and regrowth of Italian ryegrass(IRG) and barley sown on 2 March 2009 in Suwon. The five treatments were two IRG cultivars(Kowinearly with early maturity and Kowinmaster with medium maturity), one barley cultivar(Yuyeon), and two mixtures(Kowinearly+Yuyeon and Kowinmaster+Yuyeon). The first harvest date was 26 May, which was at late heading, heading and early dough stage of Kowinearly, Kowinmaster and barley, respectively. Regrowth yield was investigated on 29 June. The heading dates of Kowinearly and Kowinmaster were 16 May and 22 May, respectively, and that of barley was 13 May. The dry matter(DM) percentage were 13.0~18.4% at first harvest, and 22.5~24.8% at regrowth in all treatments. The forage yield of barley and Kowinmaster+Yuyeon mixture at first harvest was higher than that of IRG(p<0.05), but higher regrowth yield was observed in IRG, and then IRG+barley mixtures(p<0.05). The crude protein(CP) content and in vitro DM digestibility(IVDMD) of IRG at first harvest were 16.7~17.1% and 78.3~80.4%, respectively, which were higher than those of barley(CP 12.2% and IVDMD 72.6%) and IRG+barley mixtures. The total yields of DM, CP and digestible DM were high in Kowinmaster+Yuyeon mixture as 11,628kg, 1,669kg and 8,457kg per ha, respectively. In conclusion, spring seeding of IRG+barley mixtures and/or barley were recommended when early harvest. Regrowth of IRG sown in early spring was vigorous. Mixture cultivation of IRG and barley was effective, because of forage yield and stable production, and harvest at June instead of May was desirable for forage productivity of spring sown IRG and barley.(Key words: Spring cultivation, Forage productivity, Regrowth, Early harvest, Mixture)

Enhancement of Nutritional Quality of Italian Ryegrass Mediated Silage by Supplemented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Chlorella

The aim of present study was to improve the quality of silage using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and chlorella as a supplement. Italian ryegrass (IRG) mediated silage was prepared with lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum) and different concentration of chlorella. We analyzed the nutritional profiles such as crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), microbial counts and fermentative acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid in the control and experimental silage after three months. It shows increased crude protein content and also maintains the rest of nutritional values as compared with control silage. LAB inoculation with chlorella as supplementation slightly reduced the pH of the silage. In addition, it increased the fermentative acids production as compared with control silage and inhibits the undesired microbial growth especially fungi in the silage. Therefore, we suggest that LAB inoculation and chlorella supplementation to the IRG mediated silage could be improved the nutritional quality of the silage which is an intrinsic feature for the application in the preparation of animal feeds and functional foods.

Effect of tillage system and livestock manures on the silage corn production and NO3-N concentration in leaching water.

Approximately 43 million tons of livestock manure (LM) are produced each year on Korean farms. LM can be utilized as a valuable resource and/or it can contaminate water by runoff and leaching through the soil, when LM has been thoughtlessly applied to the land and directly discharged into the water. This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of no-till system and LM application on dry matter (DM) yield of silage corn and -N concentration in leaching water of lysimeter installed in the experimental field. The treatments were replicated three times in split plot design. Main plots consisted of tillage systems, such as conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT). Sub plots consisted of the type of LM, such as chemical fertilizer (CF), composted cattle manure (CCM) and composted swine manure (CSM). The control plots were fertilized as commercial chemical fertilizer. DM yields of corn increased significantly in order to CF > CCM > CSM (p CCM > CSM. In addition, the root weight in CT was increased as comparing with that of corn in NT. However, there was no interaction effects of between type of LM and tillage system. -N concentration in leaching water of LM application was less than 10 ppm, but -N concentration in CF exceeded 10 ppm which is safety level of drinking water during summer time (rainfall season).

Changes of Amino Acid Contents in White Panicled Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

We examined the contents of amino acids to provide the basic data for the utilization of white panicled rice (Oryza sativa L., WPR) cultured in reclaimed paddy field of Bigumdo of Korea in 2011. WPR used in this study were collected in 1000 ha of reclaimed paddy field of Bigumdo. Crude protein contents of whole rice have the highest in leaf blade, followed by whole grain, leaf sheath and stem. The contents of total amino acids showed the highest trend in region received the most severe damage, but the lowest trend in region of normal growth. The content of glutamic acid was the highest among amino acids in leaf blade, whole grain, leaf sheath and stem collected in all regions, but the content of methionine was the lowest. Therefore, the contents of amino acids showed a similar level between the region occurred WPR and the region of normal growth. Further research on the nutritional aspects of forage must be performed because nutritive values of WPR were influenced by the degree of damage of WPR

Study on Nutritive Values of White Panicled Rice Silage

ABSTRACT This study was performed to investigate the nutritive values of white panicled rice ( Oryza sativa L., WPR) silage manufactured with WPR grown in reclaimed paddy field of Bigumdo of Korea in 2011. The WPR used in this study were collected in 1,000 ha of reclaimed paddy field of Bigumdo and was harvested at dough stage and ensiled. The yield of whole crop rice (WCR) grown in region received the most severe damage (MSD) was lower as about 800 kg/ha as than that in region of normal growth (NG). The content of crude protein and total digestible nutrient in WCR of MSD slightly increased, as compared to that in WCR of NG, but the contents of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber significantly decreased (p<0.05). The pH in WCR silage of MSD and NG ranged from 4.5 to 5.0 and pH decreased by the inoculation of lactic bacteria(p<0.05). The content of lactic acid in WCR silage of MSD and NG increased by the inoculation of lactic bacteria (p<0.05), but the content of acetic acid and butyric acid decreased (p<0.05). Flieg’s score in WCR silage of MSD and NG inoculated lactic bacteria increased from 2 to 3 grade, as comparing to non-inoculation of lactic bacteria. Therefore, this study suggests that WPR can be utilized as forage.(