Miodrag Kocić

RAZVOJ AGILNOSTI KOŠARKAŠA

Savremena vrhunska kosarka je dinamicna igra. Tu svoju dinamicnost, između ostalog, duguje visokom stepenu razvoja fizicke kondicije svakog pojedinacnog igraca, bez obzira na poziciju na kojoj igra. Stoga se velika pažnja posvecuje fizickoj pripremi, kako u okviru glavnih, tehnicko-taktickih treninga, tako i na posebnim treninzima na kojima se isklјucivo radi na razvoju prevashodno motorickih sposobnosti. Jedna od motorickih sposobnosti koja je jako bitna za kosarku je agilnost. Definisana je motorickim zadacima sastavlјenim od brzog trcanja sa cestim promenama pravca kretanja. Cilј ovog rada bio je da se prikupe dosadasnja istraživanja koja su se bavila razvojem agilnosti kosarkasa. Za prikuplјanje, klasifikaciju i analizu cilјanih istraživanja koriscena je deskriptivna metoda i teorijska analiza, a istraživanja do kojih se doslo pretraživana su na: Google, Google Scholar, PubMed i Kobson. Pretraga je ogranicena na radove koji su objavlјeni u periodu od 2009. do 2015.godine. Ukupno je pronađeno 21 istraživanje. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da se za razvoj agilnosti najcesce koristi pliometrijska metoda treninga, kako kod kosarkasa, tako i kod kosarkasica. Nekoliko istraživanja pokazuje da se agilnost kosarkasa može razviti kombinacijom pliometrijskog treninga i nekog drugog treninga. Rezultati takođe pokazuju da se, osim pliometrijskim treningom, agilnost kosarkasa može razviti i SAQ treningom, kombinacijom treninga snage, izdržlјivosti i kosarkaske tehnike, zatim proprioceptivnim treningom i treningom preskakanja konopca.

Physical Activity in Adolescent with Mental Retardation: Is Adapted Basketball Training Adequate Stimulus to Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Sport Skills Performance?

Summary The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of an adapted basketball training program on the cardiorespiratory fitness and sport skills performance of adolescents with mental retardation (MR). Fifty adolescents with mild MR who participated in this study were divided in two groups. Experimental group (n = 25; mean ± SD age: 15.7 ± 0.9 years) performed the adapted training program, four times per week during eight weeks. A control group (n = 25; mean ± SD age: 15.9 ± 0.8 years) followed ordinary physical education classes and continued with their normal lifestyle. Exercise testing included the six-minute walk test (6MWT), monitoring of heart rate frequency and sport skills performance test battery. Results showed a significant difference between groups pre- and post-treatment in 6MWT distance. The experimental group experienced a 10% increase in covered distance pre- to post-testing (p < 0.05), whereas controls had no significant changes in the same period. Conducted adapted training also resulted in significant improvement in examined sport skills performance. However, this kind and duration of experimental procedure did not result in significant differences in anthropometric variables and heart rate frequency. This study demonstrated that adapted basketball training is an adequate stimulus for improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness and sport skills performance of adolescents with mild MR. The advantage of this type of adaptive training program is that it does not require a large financial input, but only the engagement of a qualified and dedicated physical education professor.