Mitsuko Taba Ohara

Antibacterial activity of Apocynaceae extracts and MIC of Tabernaemontana angulata stem organic extract

Trinta e oito extratos orgânicos e aquosos obtidos de 11 especies de Apocynaceae foram submetidos a triagem utilizando o metodo da microdiluicao em caldo contra Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Candida albicans. O extrato orgânico obtido do caule de Tabernaemontana angulata apresentou atividade contra a bacteria Gram positiva S. aureus. A concentracao inibitoria minima verificada para esse extrato variou de 2,50 a 1,25 mg/mL. Cloranfenicol foi utilizado como antimicrobiano padrao. A analise fitoquimica indicou a presenca de triterpenos e alcaloides no extrato ativo.

Antimicrobial activity of four different dental gel formulas on cariogenic bacteria evaluated using the linear regression method

A atividade antimicrobiana de quatro diferentes formulas de gel dental foi avaliada empregando tres microrganismos associados a cariogenese: Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei e Actinomyces viscosus. A avaliacao preliminar foi efetuada utilizando metodo por difusao em agar. Alem disso, as formulas foram desafiadas empregando cada microrganismo e as determinacoes relativas aos sobreviventes foram efetuadas apos 1, 5, 10, 20 e 30 minutos do desafio. O tempo de reducao decimal (valor-D) foi calculado por meio das curvas obtidas (UFC/mL x tempo), objetivando a comparacao da atividade antimicrobiana entre as formulas. O metodo selecionado para a enumeracao dos sobreviventes foi validado de acordo com compendio oficial. Os resultados revelaram intensa atividade antimicrobiana, inclusive na avaliacao empregando diluicao 1:2 dos produtos para os microrganismos Streptococcus mutans e Lactobacillus casei. Os dados relativos ao Actinomyces viscosus indicaram ausencia de reducao da populacao microbiana no desafio empregando produto diluido (1:2). Os valores-D obtidos foram 0,21, 2,08, 1,93 e 5,79 minutos para as formulas 1, 2, 3 e 4 respectivamente. Apos comparacao dos resultados obtidos, a formula 1 pode ser considerada aquela que apresentou maior atividade antimicrobiana.

In vitro evaluation of copaiba oil as a kojic acid skin enhancer

The capacity of copaiba oil to act as a skin penetration enhancer for the depigmenting agent kojic acid was evaluated using an in vitro diffusion system with static flux and shed rattlesnake skin membrane, Crotalus durissus terrificus, in saline solution at 34±2 oC as the fluid receptor. The quantities of kojic acid liberated into the fluid receptor were determined by spectrophotometry at 268 nm with intervals of one and a half hours. The membranes, pretreated with copaiba oil at 25% and 50% v/v, gave flux values of 8.0 and 12.7 µg/cm2/h, permeability values of 2.0 and 3.3 cm×10-4/h, and promotion factors of 4.1 and 3.7, respectively. These results indicate that copaiba oil, at the two concentrations studied, has the capacity to promote penetration of kojic acid.

Validação de método para avaliação da qualidade sanitária de preparação cosmética de base lipófila

The validation of method to evaluate the sanitary quality of lipophilic base cosmetics was performed using chemical neutralizers and dilution in order to eliminate the inhibitory effect on the microbial growth. The preparation of the sample was performed aiming the homogeneity in the culture media. Isopropyl miristate was used for the solubilization of the sample and polysorbate 20 was used as surfactant. Besides these substances, it was added to the diluent 0.5% (w/v) of soy lecithin to neutralize the antimicrobial activity of the benzalkonium chloride. The purpose of the assays was to demonstrate the lack of inhibitory effect on the microbial growth due to antimicrobial activity of the product as well as of the neutralizing and solubilizing agents and the surfactant used in the assay. With regard to a quantitative evaluation, the results showed a lack of inhibitory effect of the product on the microbial growth in dilutions 1:10 and 1:100. The percentage of microbial recovery was at least 93.2% indicating the validation of the method in accordance with the official criteria adopted. As for the qualitative analysis, in dilution 1:20, it was noticed an inhibitory effect for the following microorganisms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.Since this mentioned effect was not noticed when dilution was 1:200, the latter dilution was considered valid for the assay.

Atividade antimicrobiana de Leonorus sibiricus L.

The present study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the 70% hydroalcoholic extract from Leonurus sibiricus L., Lamiaceae. The antimicrobial activity was determined through the minimum inihibitory cancentration (MIC). The extract of Leonurus sibiricus L. was active against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Padrão microbiano em medicamentos não estéreis de uso oral: enquadramento de produtos fitoterápicos

Faz-se uma revisao de padroes de qualidade microbiologica para medicamentos nao estereis de uso oral, materias-primas de origem vegetal e fitoterapicos, a nivel mundial e nacional, discutindo-os cronologica e comparativamente. 0 estudo critico visa avaliar o grau de adequacao desses padroes as conclicoes produtivas reais dos fitoterapicos, considerando a sua natureza. Os autores sugerem norma microbiologica para produtos fitoterapicos de uso oral, com o objetivo de alcancar niveis desejaveis de qualidade e garantir a seguranca, eficacia a integridade do produfo final.