Mohd Zainuri Saringat

Definition of Consistency Rules between UML Use Case and Activity Diagram

Consistency is the situation where two or more overlapping elements of different diagrams that describe the behavior of system are jointly satisfiable. It is one of the attributes to measure the quality of UML model. Even though the research on consistency between diagrams is rapidly increased, there is still lack of research of consistency driven by use case. Therefore, this paper will define elements of use case and activity diagram, also consistency between them using logic approach. Based on an example of UML model consists of both diagrams, we show how the diagrams fulfilled our proposed consistency rules. Furthermore, the elements involved in the consistency rules are detected and formally reasoned.

On well-formedness rules for UML use case diagram

A software model is a widely used technique to specify software. A UML model may contain different diagrams and a diagram is built from different elements. Each element is restraint to certain constraint or well-formedness rules (WFR). Assurance to these WFR is important to ensure the quality of UML diagrams produced. Even though, the formal definition to UML elements is rapidly increased; there is still lack of formalization of WFR. Therefore, this paper will define the WFR for use case diagrams as it is ranked as one of the most used diagram among UML practitioners. The formalization is based on set theory by logic and quantification. Based on an example of a use case diagram, we show how the diagram satisfied the WFR. Then, the elements involved in the well-formedness problem are detected and formally reasoned.

On database normalization using user interface normal form

Database is important to ensure the data can be store, update and retrieve back. The famous data modelling using the Entity Relationship Model already introduced more than thirty years. However, designing a good database is still a big issue especially in designing optimum database because it is very hard to do consistency checking between system design and database design to fulfil user needs. In this paper, we propose an alternative method for designing optimum database system based on object oriented methodology. The schema table is extracted from class diagram and then the schema will be compared with the user interface to normalize the structure. Data sanitization is introduced to remove the unused attributes to provide final schema table.

A Proposal for Constructing Relational Database from Class Diagram

Database system is important to ensure the data can be stored, updated and retrieved for future use. Data modelling using the Entity Relationship Model has been introduced more than thirty years. However, designing a good database system is still an attractive issue particularly in system analysis and design because of very hard to do consistency checking between system design and database design. In this paper, a proposal for designing a relational database system based on Object Oriented Analysis and Design is presented. The database system is created by the schema table that extract from class diagram. The rules applying in this paper is following the object oriented concept. It is based on the relationships among the classes, multiplicity, attributes name, class name, data type and the behaviours of the classes. Beside that the user is required to insert record to accomplish a good designing the schema tables to avoid redundancy data. Finally, an automatic editor called CDGeST is proposed in order to automate the process.

Test Case and Requirement Selection Using Rough Set Theory and Conditional Entropy

The growing size and complexity of the software system makes testing essential in software engineering. In particular, the effectiveness of generating test cases becomes a crucial task, where there is an increment of source codes and a rapid change of the requirements. Therefore, the selection of effective test cases becomes problematic, when the test cases are redundant and having common requirements. Thus, new challenges arose to reduce the unnecessary test cases and find common requirements that would increase the cost and maintenance of the software testing process. To address this issue, this study proposed a technique that minimized the test cases and requirement attributes, without compromising on fault detection capability. The proposed technique, using Rough Set Theory-Similarity Relation, was used to reduce the size of the test cases. Subsequently, a new approach, known as Conditional Entropy-Based Similarity Measure, was introduced to obtain a minimum subset of requirements. It was anticipated that, the technique applied would contribute significantly towards solving the testing problems, since testers would no longer be required to select an arbitrary test suite on test runs. The proposed technique was found to have achieved up to 50% reduction of the processing time, as compared with the base-line techniques, such as, MFTS Algorithm, FLOWER, RZOLTAR and Weighted Greedy Algorithm.

A Comparative Study of Data Mining Techniques on Football Match Prediction

Data prediction have become a trend in todays business or organization. This paper is set to predict match outcomes for association football from the perspective of football club managers and coaches. This paper explored different data mining techniques used for predicting the match outcomes where the target class is win, draw and lose. The main objective of this research is to find the most accurate data mining technique that fits the nature of football data. The techniques tested are Decision Trees, Neural Networks, Bayesian Network, and k- Nearest Neighbors. The results from the comparative experiments showed that Decision Trees produced the highest average prediction accuracy in the domain of football match prediction by 99.56%.

Prospect: A Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)-based Instant Messaging Application for Autism Spectrum Condition

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC) has widely gained the common attention from the public especially autistic communities. Individuals with ASC are said to have poor verbal skills and this affects them in carrying out their daily basis which they are afraid to expose themselves to the world due to their problems. ASC is diagnosed among children ranging from ages 5-12 years old and they suffer from the abnormal functioning of the brain which in turn causes lack of development activities. Thus, studies have shown that diagrammatic approaches help children with ASC to overcome their issues and improvise their visual and verbal skills. Picture Exchange Communication System or PECS consists of a series of illustrated cards and each cards has its own illustration with a caption on it. These children will understand the cards and they can compile several other cards to form sentences. This paper presents a mobile application called the Prospect, which has been developed using the agile development model for digital representation of PECS. The application is hoped to enhance the learning process and a better yielding results.