Mônica Alixandrina da Silva

Analise de trilha para caracteres morfológicos do Feijão-Bravo (capparis flexuosa) no cariri paraibano

Resumen pt: O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em obter estimativas do desdobramento das correlacoes em analise de trilha sobre as variaveis, numero de brotacoes, d...

Análise de trilha em caracteres produtivos de Pennisetum sob corte em Itambé, Pernambuco

This work aimed to estimate the correlation coefficients, determining the direct and indirect effects (path analysis) of explanatory independent variables on total dry matter production (main dependent variables) of five elephant grass clones in five cuts accomplished at the forest zone of Pernambuco. Each experimental plot measured 24 m2 with 2 m2 of utile area. There was high correlation between almost all the independent variables and the main variable. The characteristic leaf blade number per tiller, however, explained better the potential of dry matter production and leaf blade dry matter production, acting, respectively, in a direct and indirect way on the explanatory variables.

Soil characteristics under legume and non-legume tree canopies in signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens) pastures

Tree canopies can change soil environments. Our study looked at soils 10%, 50%, 100% and 150% the distance from tree trunk to canopy edge of leguminous sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) and espinheiro (Machaerium aculeatum Raddi) and non-legume cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale L.) and jaqueira (Artocarpus integrifolia L.) in a signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf) pasture. Composite soil samples were collected from the 0 to 10 cm soil layer. Clay concentration increased (P ≤ 0.05) with distance from tree trunk to full sunlight, whereas CO2 emission, phosphorus, and organic matter from soil collected under tree canopies were inversely proportional (P ≤ 0.05) to distance from the tree trunk. Soil under the canopy of espinheiro had greater (P ≤ 0.05) concentrations of exchangeable cations than the non-legume trees. Pearl millet [Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke] grown in soils collected under tree canopies had 24% greater (P ≤ 0.05) dry matter (DM) yields than those grown in full sunlight. Soil collected under cajueiro grew 100% greater (P ≤ 0.05) pearl millet DM yields than jaqueira, whereas soil collected under sabiá produced the least (P ≤ 0.05) pearl millet DM. Tree canopy had a positive effect on soil fertility and leguminous tree canopies tended to improve soil properties more than non-legumes.

Rendimento forrageiro e valor nutritivo de clones de pennisetum sob corte, na zona da mata seca

EnglishThe objective of this work was to verify the MS production and nutritive value of five clones of Pennisetum. The samples were taken from an utile area of 2,0 m2 in each plot. After clipping the forage to standarize, four cuts were performed with 60-d intervals. In each plot, three tillers were oven-dried and grinded for laboratory analysis. The following response variables were determined: dry matter concentration (MS), crude protein (PB), neutral detergent fiber (FDN), acid detergent fiber (FDA), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), in vitro dry matter digestibility (DIVMS), total carbohydrates (CHOT), and non-fibrous carbohydrates (CNF). The evaluated genotypes presented average MS yield of 1.7 and 2.1 t/ha/cut, for leaf blade and stem, respectively. Average nutritive value was 21.1 and 15.1% for MS; 9.1 and 5.3% for PB; 73.2 and 77.7% for FDN; 40.3 and 47.4% for FDA; 9.6 and 11.6% for MM; 1.9 and 0.7% for EE; 56.2 and 56.3% for DIVMS; 79.3 and 82.4% for CHOT; and 11.4 and 9.7% for CNF, in leaf blades and stem, respectively. The clones presented medium to high heritability, similar biomass production and nutritive value, when harvested at 60 days of regrowth in the conditions of the forest zone of Pernambuco. portuguesObjetivou com este trabalho verificar a producao e valor nutritivo de cinco genotipos de Pennisetum (IRI-381, Venezuela, Elefante B, HV-241 e Hexaploide) sob corte na Zona da Mata Seca de Pernambuco. As amostras foram obtidas de uma area util de 2,0 m2, num delineamento em blocos casualizados com 6 repeticoes. Apos o corte de uniformizacao, efetuaram-se quatro cortes a intervalos de 60 dias. Foi tomada uma amostra de tres perfilhos de cada parcela. Foram avaliados os percentuais de materia seca (MS), proteina bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente acido (FDA), extrato etereo (EE), materia mineral (MM), digestibilidade in vitro da materia seca (DIVMS) carboidratos totais (CHOT) e carboidratos nao fibrosos (CNF). Os genotipos avaliados apresentaram rendimento medio de MS de lâminas foliares de 1,7 t/ha/corte e de colmos de 2,1 t/ha/corte, nao havendo diferenca entre clones (p>0,05). Nas lâminas foliares e nos colmos, respectivamente, observou-se 21,1 a 15,1% para MS; 9,1 a 5,3% para PB; 73,2 a 77,7% para FDN; 40,3 a 47,4% para FDA; 9,6 a 11,6% para MM; 1,9 a 0,7% para EE; 56,2 a 56,3% para DIVMS; 79,3 a 82,4% para CHOT e 11,4 a 9,7% para CNF. Os clones apresentaram de media a alta herdabilidade e rendimento forrageiro e valor nutritivo semelhantes, quando manejados aos 60 dias de idade nas condicoes da Zona da Mata Seca de Pernambuco.

Qualitative and anatomical characteristics of tree-shrub legumes in the Forest Zone in Pernambuco state, Brazil

The objective of this study was to characterize the nutritional value of forage legumes Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (Benth.), Bauhinia cheilantha (Bong.) and Leucaena leucocephala (Lan.) and evaluate the anatomy of plants incubated and not incubated in the rumen. The experiment was conducted from September 2007 to November 2008. The experimental plot consisted of three useful plants, totaling three plots per block, and four repetitions. Plants were cut at 1 m height at intervals of 70 days; samples of leaf plus stem with a diameter smaller than 4 mm were collected for determination of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, insoluble protein bound to acid detergent fiber and in vitro dry matter digestibility. The anatomical characterization occurred through the analysis of the proportion of plant tissue nonincubated and incubated in the rumen for a period of 48 hours. The legumes had high crude protein, with an average of 26.1% to Leucena, 22.4% to Sabia and 18.5% to Mororo, and low levels of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, with an average of 47.3% to Leucena, 42.8% to Mororo and 37.2% to Sabia. In the leaf blade of Sabia plants, much lignified tissues that differed from plants of Leucena and Mororo were observed. The degradation process was more visible in the leaves of the Leucena, Sabia and Mororo plants. The degradation was more pronounced in the spongy parenchyma, leaving the incubated material intact. The average proportion of the epidermis in the incubated and not incubated leaves was 15.8 and 16.4% in Leucena, 16.8 and 19.2% in Mororo and 27.2 and 25.5% in Sabia, respectively. There are differences in the digestion and nutritional value of leaf tissues of the evaluated legumes.