Monika Wawrzkiewicz

Removal of tartrazine from aqueous solutions by strongly basic polystyrene anion exchange resins.

The removal of tartrazine from aqueous solutions onto the strongly basic polystyrene anion exchangers of type 1 (Amberlite IRA-900) and type 2 (Amberlite IRA-910) was investigated. The experimental data obtained at 100, 200, 300 and 500 mg/dm(3) initial concentrations at 20 degrees C were applied to the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and Weber-Morris kinetic models. The calculated sorption capacities (q(e,cal)) and the rate constant of the first order adsorption (k(1)) were determined. The pseudo-second order kinetic constants (k(2)) and capacities were calculated from the plots of t/q(t) vs. t, 1/q(t) vs. 1/t, 1/t vs. 1/q(t) and q(t)/t vs. q(t) for type 1, type 2, type 3 and type 4 of the pseudo-second order expression, respectively. The influence of phase contact time, solution pH and temperature on tartrazine removal was also discussed. The FTIR spectra of pure anion exchangers and those loaded with tartrazine were recorded, too.

Equilibrium and kinetic studies on the adsorption of acidic dye by the gel anion exchanger.

In the present study, the gel anion exchanger Purolite A-850 of N(+)(CH(3))(3) functional groups was used in order to remove the acidic dye (Acid Blue 29) from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of phase contact time (1-180 min), initial concentration of dye (100-500 mg/L), solution pH (1-8), anion exchanger dosage (0.25-1.0 g) as well as temperature (20-40 degrees C). The contact time necessary to reach equilibrium was 40 min with the exception for the solution of the initial concentration 500 mg/L. The amounts of Acid Blue 29 adsorbed at equilibrium using the strongly basic anion exchanger were equal to 9.97, 19.97, 29.96 and 49.90 mg/g for the dye solutions of the initial concentrations 100, 200, 300 and 500 mg/L, respectively. The equilibrium sorption capacity slightly increased when the temperature of dye solution increased from 20 to 40 degrees C. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models of adsorption. The adsorption isotherm data were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm and the monolayer adsorption capacity was found to be 83.303 mg/g at 20 degrees C. The value of R(L) was equal to 0.00054 (favourable). The kinetic data obtained at different concentrations were modeled using the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion equations. The experimental data were well described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model.

Kinetics of adsorption of sulphonated azo dyes on strong basic anion exchangers

The macroporous polystyrene anion exchangers Amberlite IRA‐900 and Amberlite IRA‐910 were used in order to remove sulphonated azo dyes (Allura Red and Sunset Yellow) from aqueous solutions of 100–500 mg/L concentrations. The experimental data obtained at 100, 200, 300 and 500 mg/L initial concentrations at 20 °C were applied to the pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order and Weber–Morris kinetic models. The calculated sorption capacities (qe,cal ) and the rate constant of the first‐order adsorption (k1 ) were determined. The pseudo‐second‐order kinetic constants (k2 ) and capacities were calculated from the plots of t/qt vs t, 1/qt vs 1/t, 1/t vs 1/qt , qt/t vs qt and 1/qe–qt vs t for type 1, type 2, type 3, type 4 and type 5 of the pseudo‐second‐order expression, respectively. The influence of phase contact time, initial dye concentration, solution pH and temperature on Allura Red and Sunset Yellow removal was also discussed.

Remazol Black B removal from aqueous solutions and wastewater using weakly basic anion exchange resins

AbstractIn this study, the use of the weakly basic anion exchange resins of phenol-formaldehyde (Amberlyst A 23), polyacrylate (Amberlite IRA 67) and polystyrene (Lewatit MonoPlus MP 62) matrices for removal of the reactive dye Remazol Black B (RBB) from aqueous solution and wastewater were investigated. RBB sorption on the anion exchangers was a time dependent process. Color reduction percentiles of 75.2, 33.9 and 25.1% in wastewater treatment were found after 216 h of phase contact time with Lewatit MonoPlus MP 62, Amberlyst A 23 and Amberlite IRA 67, respectively. Inorganic salts and anionic surfactant action influenced RBB uptake by the anion exchangers. The amounts of dye retained by the anion exchangers increased with a rise in temperature. The maximum sorption capacities calculated from the Langmuir model were 66.4, 282.1 and 796.1 mg g−1 for Amberlite IRA 67, Amberlyst A 23 and Lewatit MonoPlus MP 62, respectively. Regeneration of phenol-formaldehyde and polystyrene resins were possible using 1 M NaOH, 2 M KSCN, 1M KSCN in 40–60% methanol as well as 1 M NaOH in 60% methanol.

Anion Exchange Resins as Effective Sorbents for Acidic Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions and Wastewaters

Purification of wastewaters, particularly those containing dyes, has become increasingly important. The aim is to avoid a potential threat to the environment. Various sorbents have been used in the treatment of wastewaters contaminated by the Acid Orange 7 dye (AO7). In this article, the three anion exchange resins–weakly basic (Lewatit MonoPlus MP 62), intermediate (Lewatit MonoPlus MP 64), and strongly basic (Lewatit MonoPlus MP 500) were applied for AO7 removal from the aqueous solutions and wastewater. The most effective anion exchanger in wastewater purification proved to be Lewatit MonoPlus MP 500. AO7 sorption was not affected by the presence of Na2SO4 and CH3COOH even at relatively high concentrations. The dye retentions were almost unchanged in the presence of non-ionic and anionic surfactants. AO7 sorption by Lewatit MonoPlus MP 62, MP 64, and MP 500 sharply decrease when the cationic surfactant is present in the solution. The monolayer adsorption capacity (Q0 ) for MP 62 was found to be 79.9 mg/g at 25°C. At 45°C this value was almost ten times higher (769.5 mg/g). The increase of Q0 values from 568.5 to 896.8 mg/g for MP 64 and from 979.0 to 1004.4 mg/g for MP 500 was observed with the rise in temperature. The optimal desorption conditions were found as follows: 1 M KSCN in 80–90% methanol for MP 62 (95–100% desorption) and MP 64 (∼88% desorption) as well as 1 M HCl in 90% methanol for MP 500 (87% desorption).

Sorption of Sunset Yellow dye by weak base anion exchanger – kinetic and equilibrium studies

The sorption equilibrium and kinetics of Sunset Yellow dye in aqueous solutions on the weak base anion exchange resin Amberlite FPA51 were examined in this paper. The influences of phase contact time, solution pH, initial dye concentration and temperature were studied by the batch method. The amounts of dye sorbed at equilibrium changed from 9.9 to 48.7 mg/g with increasing initial dye concentration in the range 100–500 mg/L. The experimental data were analysed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich models of adsorption. The maximum monolayer capacity was 130.6 mg/g. The sorption free energy was equal to 14.6 kJ/mol and revealed the nature of the ion exchange mechanism in this system. The kinetic data were modelled using the pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order (types 1–5) and intraparticle diffusion equations. The experimental data were well described by types 1–3 of the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model.

Application of Weak Base Anion Exchanger in Sorption of Tartrazine from Aqueous Medium

Abstract Decolorization of wastewaters containing dyes is a worldwide problem for which diverse technologies have been applied. In this study, the removal of tartrazine dye from aqueous solutions by the weak base anion exchanger Amberlite FPA51 was investigated as a function of phase contact time, anion exchanger particle size, solution pH, initial dye concentration, and temperature. The amounts of tartrazine adsorbed at equilibrium were found to be 9.9, 19.9, 29.9, and 49.7 mg/g for the dye solutions of the initial concentrations 100, 200, 300, and 500 mg/L, respectively. The maximum monolayer capacity Q0 calculated from the Langmuir equation was 140.8 mg/g. The kinetic data obtained at different concentrations were modelled using the pseudo-first order and the pseudo-second order equations. The intraparticle diffusion model as well as the Boyd equation were applied to identify the rate controlling step of the adsorption.

Enhanced removal of hazardous dye form aqueous solutions and real textile wastewater using bifunctional chitin/lignin biosorbent

A new biomaterial based on chitin and lignin was prepared and applied for the removal of hazardous dye C.I. Direct Blue 71 (DB71) from aqueous solutions and wastewaters. The dye sorption on the chitin/lignin biosorbent (Ch/L) was examined depending on the initial dye concentration (50-200mg/L), phase contact time (1-1440min), kind of auxiliaries (NaCl, Na2SO4, anionic surfactant SDS) and their concentrations (1-20g/L salts, 0.1-0.75g/L SDS), initial solution pH as well as temperature (20-50°C). The equilibrium and kinetic characteristics of C.I. Direct Blue 71 uptake by chitin/lignin followed by the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second order model rather than the Langmuir, Tempkin models, and pseudo-first order model. C.I. Direct Blue 71 adsorption on chitin/lignin was spontaneous (-2.86 to -8.14kJ/mol) and endothermic (60.1kJ/mol). The possibilities of dye elution and reuse by means of the batch method were investigated and as follows the chemical reaction is an inseparable sorption mechanism. Purification of wastewaters containing direct dyes was made with 91% efficiency after 1h of phase contact time. For comparison, data obtained or obtained results in the DB71-chitin (Ch) system were also presented.

Weak Base Anion Exchanger Amberlite FPA51 as Effective Adsorbent for Acid Blue 74 Removal from Aqueous Medium – Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

In this work, the macroporous anion exchange resin – Amberlite FPA51, is proposed as the effective adsorbent for the removal of Acid Blue 74 from aqueous solutions. The sorption mechanism was investigated under static conditions taking into account the phase contact time, solution pH, initial dye concentration, and temperature. The equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. The maximum monolayer capacity Q 0 was 123.8 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics was found to follow the pseudo-second order model. The sorption energy was equal to 14.5 kJ/mol and indicated that the adsorption process of the dye may be described via a chemical anion-exchange mechanism.

Anion Exchange Resins as Effective Sorbents for Removal of Acid, Reactive, and Direct Dyes from Textile Wastewaters

Coloured wastewaters are a consequence of batch processes in both dye-manufacturing and dye-consuming industries. Dyes are widely used in a number of industries, such as textile and leather dyeing, food, cosmetics, paper printing, gasoline, with the textile in‐ dustry as the largest consumer. Dyeing as a fundamental operation during textile fibre processing causes the production of more or less coloured wastewaters, depending on the degree of fixation of dyes on substrates, which varies with the nature of substances, de‐ sired intensity of coloration, and application method. Dye bearing effluents are consid‐ ered to be a very complex and inconsistent mixture of many pollutants ranging from dyes, dressing substances, alkalis, oils, detergents, salts of organic and inorganic acids to heavy metals.Thus after dyeing wastewaters are characterized not only by intensive and difficult for removal colour but also by high pH, suspended and dissolved solids, chemi‐ cal and biochemical oxygen demands. Ion exchange is a very versatile and effective tool for treatment of aqueous hazardous wastes including dyes. The role of ion exchange in dye effluents treatment is to reduce the magnitude of hazardous load by converting them into a form in which they can be reused, leaving behind less toxic substances in their pla‐ ces or to facilitate ultimate disposal by reducing the hydraulic flow of the stream bearing toxic substances. Another significant feature of the ion exchange process is that it has the ability to separate as well as to concentrate pollutants. Taking into account high capacity and selectivity of ion exchange resins for different dyes, they seem to be proper materials for dyes sorption from textile effluents. The aim of the paper is to study the removal of the acid, reactive and direct textile dyes such as C.I. Acid Orange 7, C.I. Reactive Black 5 and C.I. Direct Blue 71 on the commercially available anion exchangers (Lewatit Mono‐ Plus MP 62, Lewatit MonoPlus MP 64, Lewatit MonoPlus MP 500, Lewatit MonoPlus M 500, Amberlite IRA 67, Amberlite IRA 478RF, Amberlite IRA 458 and Amberlite IRA 958) differing not only in basicity of the functional groups but also in composition and struc‐ ture of the matrix. Comparison of the sorption parameters obtained by the batch method taking into account influence of phase contact time, dyes initial concentration and solu‐ tion pH were discussed in detail. Desorption conditions depending on the dyes sorption mechanism were also presented. Influence of the auxiliaries typically present in textile ef‐