Mt Groot

Costs of Prostate Cancer, Metastatic to the Bone, in The Netherlands

OBJECTIVE To quantify medical costs associated with bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer. Bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer are associated with considerable morbidity, negatively impact quality of life, and can add substantially to medical costs, given a median survival of 30-35 months from diagnosis of bone metastases. METHODS A retrospective cost analysis from both a community and university hospital in The Netherlands was conducted. Twenty-eight patient records (14 from each hospital) were investigated to assess the impact of skeletal-related events (SREs), including fractures, spinal cord compression, and radiotherapy, on total direct medical costs and cost of hospitalization. Costs are given in EUROS (Euros). RESULTS The average total cost of treatment was Euros 13,051 per patient over the 24-month follow-up period, which includes an average cost of Euros 6973 per patient to treat SREs. Treatment of SREs more than doubled total treatment costs. Patients in this analysis experienced, on average, one SRE per year, and the cost of SREs varied from Euros 1187 to Euros 40,948. CONCLUSIONS Occurrence of SREs contributes significantly to the cost of care for patients with advanced prostate cancer. These data suggest that bisphosphonates, which can reduce pain and SREs, may reduce healthcare costs.

Costs and Health Effects of Breast Cancer Interventions in Epidemiologically Different Regions of Africa, North America, and Asia

Abstract:  We estimated the costs and health effects of treating stage I, II, III, and IV breast cancer individually, of treating all stages, and of introducing an extensive cancer control program (treating all stages plus early stage diagnosis) in three epidemiologically different world regions—Africa, North America, and Asia. We developed a mathematical simulation model of breast cancer using the stage distribution and case fatality rates in the presence and absence of treatment as predictors of survival. Outcome measures were life‐years adjusted for disability (DALYs), costs (in 2000 U.S. dollars) of treatment and follow‐up, and cost‐effectiveness ratios (CERs; in dollars per DALY averted). Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the robustness of the results. Treating patients with stage I breast cancer resulted in 23.41, 12.25, and 19.25 DALYs averted per patient in Africa, North America, and Asia, respectively. The corresponding average CERs compared with no intervention were

Cost analysis of HLA-identical sibling and voluntary unrelated allogeneic bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in adults with acute myelocytic leukaemia or acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

78,

Cost‐effectiveness of rituximab (MabThera®) in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in the Netherlands

1960, and

Costs of multiple myeloma and associated skeletal-related events in The Netherlands

62 per DALY averted. The number of DALYs averted per patient decreased with stage; the value was lowest for stage IV treatment (0.18–0.19), with average CERs of

CN3 COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF IMATINIB VERSUS INTERFERON (IFN-a) PLUS LOW-DOSE CYTARABINE (ARA-C) FOR NEWLY DIAGNOSED CHRONIC PHASE CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML) IN THE THE NETHERLANDS

4986 in Africa,

PCHI4: MEDICAL TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA (CML):AVERAGE COST EFFECTIVENESS RATIOS OF FIRST AND SECOND LINE TREATMENT

70,380 in North America, and

CN3 IMMUNOTHERAPY WITH AUTOLOGOUS TUMOR CELL-BCG VACCINE (ONCOVAX®) IN PATIENTS WITH STAGE II COLON CANCER: MEDICAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS

3510 per DALY averted in Asia. An extensive breast cancer program resulted in 16.14, 12.91, and 12.58 DALYs averted per patient and average CERs of

Immunotherapy with autologous tumor cell-BCG vaccine in patients with colon cancer: a prospective study of medical and economic benefits

75,

PCN1 COST ANALYSIS OF HLA-IDENTICAL SIBLING AND VOLUNTARY UNRELATED ALLOGENEIC BONE MARROW AND PERIPHERAL BLOOD STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN ADULTS WITH ACUTE MYELOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA OR ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKAEMIA

915, and