Muhammad Abrar

The diversification effects of a firm's political connection and its performance implications: Evidence from China

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively investigate the combined influence of a firms political connection and diversification on corporate performance, and to explore whether firms political connection has an impact on the diversification effect, and whether this diversification effect would promote its performance significantly or not.Design/methodology/approach – The research used a regression model to explore the correlation among political connection, diversification strategy, and corporate performance. The research subjects are the private enterprises listed on Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange in China for the period 2002‐2005.Findings – The study found that: first, for those firms without political connections, the relationship between diversification strategy and corporate performance displayed an “inverted U” curve; for firms with political connection, the relationship was a “reverse L”. Second, firms with political connections are more likely to implement a diversificatio...

The organization's cultural values: A study of public sector universities in Pakistan

The study explored the organization’s cultural values in universities of Pakistan. Using the responses of 674 academic faculty members from 23 public sector universities, the researchers analyzed: a) whether the Hofstede‘s (1980,1984) findings regarding Pakistan’s cultural orientation still prevailed in society; and b) whether the perception of cultural dimensions existed equally among all ranks and gender. The results exhibited the moderate change in power distance orientation and significant change in masculinity and long term orientation. On the other hand, the cultural orientation of collectivism and uncertainty avoidance were found consistent with Hofstede’s results. Moreover, the study also indicated that the perception of cultural dimensions orientation varied among ranks and gender. This study will be helpful for policy makers and for management in order to understand the culture and boundaries, and to make and implement the policies regarding Pakistani culture. Furthermore, these findings will be fruitful for managers to deal with their subordinates for smooth functioning and improvement of organizations.

E-Marketing of Organic Textile and 4Ps: Social Applications

E-marketing is the most immediate, flexible and cost effective marketing tool available in business today. Businesses have to embrace the Web as a platform; as a way to do business in this day and age. This study is focused on the marketing of organic textile products through e-marketing and how the Internet and Web based marketing tools can help to create awareness about the distinguishing features of organic textile and to eliminate any mistrust of consumers about these products. E-marketing would also help to make these environmentally friendly products available at the doorsteps of the consumers. Potential of e-marketing in educating the consumers about the significance of a particular product, by making the modes of access on the Internet more user friendly; has also been the focus of this study. Social applications of four Ps are also discussed with special emphasis.

E-Marketing Development and Its Application in Textile Sector of Pakistan—A Theoretical Review

Textile sector plays very important role in the economy of Pakistan. It contributes in the form of foreign remittances receipts for textile products exports to international markets. At present global environment, the Pakistan textile sector is not fully apply the latest marketing tools to increase exports and market share in the international markets. In this paper, we presented the E-marketing development model which explained the whole process of e-marketing application like environmental scanning, review marketing goals, and with considering all 4 Ps to make effective decisions for the textile organizations. This model comprehensively guides the companies for effective decision making regarding the application of e-marketing in the textile sector of Pakistan. This current work attempts application of e-marketing in the textile sector of Pakistan and how this e-technology can be rewarding to promote the textile business of Pakistan in the local and foreign markets. This paper also guides the managers to implement e-marketing model in the organizations practically for effective decision making.