Muhammad Nizam

Brushless DC motor torque improvement with mgnetic material stator core

In transportation, BLDC motors are required to have high torque. This BLDC electric motor is designed to drive an electric car. Increased torque can be done in many ways one of which is the selection of the stator material. Effect on the generated torque can be studied by replacing its stator materials. Design was begun with determining the electrical circuit and the coil for the excitation power. Electric motors which was simulated in this paper was a 3-phase BLDC motor. Voltage and current data were analyzed to study the motor performance when different core materials used. It can be concluded that applying ferrite materials stator core reduced core loss, while using ferrite core on the stator slots produces higher voltages and lower currents. Based on the magnitude of the torque produced by the electric motors, ferrite materials was more suitable to be used as slots of the stator core for better motor.

The performance of LiFePO 4 battery with graphite waste as anode material

A research on the preparation of graphite waste powder from zinc-carbon primary battery has been conducted in order to use the powder as anode material for LiFePO4 (LFP) battery. The result shows that the component of graphite powder is dominated with carbon and some impurities. The LFP battery with graphite waste powder shows charging capacity of ~158 mAh.g-1. The reversibility of Li extraction is 81 % mol. The battery shows discharging capacity of ~ 128 mAh.g-1 at first cycle. It indicates that the performance may decrease fast due to less reversibility of Li extraction.

Influence of manufacturing process on soft-magnetic properties of iron powder

Nowadays, a lot of electrical types of equipment use the alternating current with high frequency. Soft magnetic is the right choice to use in alternating current or high frequency because it can repeatedly be magnetized and demagnetized in a short time. The metallurgy process begins with the fabrication of the powder using a milling machine and ball milling thus produced an iron powder of 100 mesh size, then the powder was heated up to 600°C for an hour. The iron powder was binding by epoxy resin and compacted with a pressure variation 4, 5, 6 tons for an hour. The hardness testing uses Vickers test and microstructure observation by SEM (scanning electron microscopy). The result shows that the 6-ton of compact pressure has the highest hardness value of 41,22 VHN and produces the lowest porosity value of 18%. Hardness value increases while the porosity value decreases by the increasing of the compact pressure.

Evaluation and designing street lighting with solar cell: A case study

High operating costs, lux incompatible, and inefficient become a great problem in the street lighting of campus area that generated by fossil energy. In a case study at Sebelas Maret University, it is possible to shift the street lighting that generated from fossel to Solar Cell. This article aims to evaluate and design Street Lighting with Solar Cell. An evaluation framework was developed to evaluate the performance of current condition related to lux, distance, pole, and the amount of lamp power. We design the alternatives of Street Lighting by using DIALux application to fullfill the technical standard of Street Lighting. The specification of street lighting, the type of installation, and the material used were studied for designing new Street Lighting. A simulation-based analysis was used to determine the specifications of new design of street lighting. The results shows that the alternative of design street lighting that generated by Solar Cell can be used to substitute the existing one with better performance and reliability aspects.

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF SOLAR ELECTRICITY USING COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Electrification ratio for developing countries is still a big problem, especially in rural areas which are scattered over huge geographic distances, like Indonesia. The solar energy is a big resources in equator area, but it still not utilize maximally. The solar power like photovoltaics (PV) can be analyze to solve those problems for increasing electrification ratio. This paper aims to study about the possibility to leverage in utilizing PV as energy source in Indonesia. We use supply and demand with the value chain analysis to conduct the preliminary study. This paper describes a comparative analysis between Indonesia and global for the supply and demand, value chain, and the economic analysis. From those analysis, we can describe the comparation system of PV in Indonesia and in the global area, the possibility application of PV. Keywords—electricity, solar energy, supply and demand, value chain, economic. * Corresponding Author January 29, 2015 14:47 9552-IAENG 14-chapter14 page 188

Increased efficiency BLDC motor with soft magnetic material

This paper describes the use of Design of Experiment (DOE) to find optimum design in Axial BLDC motor. Slot stator and wiring parameter was investigated. In the stator design, those four parameter was investigated. Diameter of wire, number of strand, parallel branch wire and number of conductor was study in wire parameter. Experiment was done by Maxwell software to calculate the efficiency. The parameter more affect in efficiency is number of strand and diameter of wire. The efficiency is increase.

Optimization of surface orientation angles to receive maximum solar radiation at Sabha city, Libya

In this paper, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is implemented to calculate the optimum tilt and surface azimuth angle for solar system surfaces to receive maximum solar radiation. Sabha city in Libya is selected to verify the results of GA. The optimum surface orientation angles and the flat surface input solar energies for these angles are calculated in monthly and yearly bases. Then, The comparison of different optimizations of GA and South-Facing for an inclined surface was compared with the horizontal surface in a year and the energy gained was investigated. The total extra solar energy gained in one year for the yearly optimized surface angles of GA and South-Facing compared to the horizontal surface are 10.8% and 10.3%, respectively. The total extra solar energy gained in one year for the monthly optimized surface angles of GA and South-Facing compared to the horizontal surface are 18.72% and 18.03%, respectively. The yearly optimum tilt angle of genetic algorithm was 30.4° where the azimuth was at -19°. In another result, the yearly optimum tilt angle of south-facing was 29°. It has been figured out that the yearly optimum tilt angle of both was closed to the latitude of Sabha city itself. Furthermore, the results indicate that the monthly based optimization improved the energy gain higher than the yearly based optimization. The genetic algorithm optimization performed better results than the conventional south facing optimization although the difference of the results was not significant for both yearly and monthly total incident solar radiation.

Series Plug in Hybrid Vehicle for Urban Driving Cycle

Urban area is the center of activities. Many people use the vehicle to cover the distance toward their activities places. In order to support the activities a large number of vehicles are moving in urban areas. Consequently, the consumption of fuel will increase from time to time and oil price has increased due to higher of demands. Thus, a plugin hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is proven as one of the best practical applications for transportation in order to reduce fuel consumption. One of the types of PHEV is a series PHEV (SPHEV). SPHEV is the simplest type of PHEV but still having higher efficiency of fuel than an internal combustion engine vehicle. This study was focused to discuss on the ability of SPHEV for covering distance and velocity of the urban drive cycle. Three driving cycles namely new European drive cycle (NEDC), extra urban driving cycle (EUDC), and EPA highway fuel economy cycle (HWFET) were used for the simulation using ADVISOR software to study performance of SPHEV. To achieve the best performance of SPHEV, the control strategy based on an artificial intelligence was purposed. The simulation was done by using SPHEV which consisted of15 kW battery, 41 kW engine, and 41 kW DC motor. The performance of SPHEV (fuel consumption and emission) was then compared to a gasoline engine vehicle (GEV). The results showed that SPHEV consumed less fuel and generated less emission during performing all drive cycles.

Passenger Comfortability Studies of Electric Vehicle under ISO-2631 Criteria

The study focuses on the vertical, longitudinal and lateral responses of ride performance of an electric vehicle. Issues related to the design of vehicle model with passive suspension system are discussed. A full-car seven-degrees-of-freedom model is used to investigate the dynamic responses by applying road disturbances in sinusoidal road input excitation. Frequency response of the heave, roll and pitch of the sprung mass is obtained for the need of studying the effects of given variations of the suspension stiffness coefficient and the suspension damping coefficient. Finally, using the ISO-2631 criteria, the result of the responses in frequency domain are evaluated to evaluate the passenger comfortability.