Myung-Seop Shin

The association of hypertension with periodontitis is highlighted in female adults: results from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

AIM To evaluate the association of hypertension and high systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) with periodontitis in a nationally representative Korean adult population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total of 14,625 participants of Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV) aged over 19 years were cross-sectionally surveyed. Periodontitis was defined as CPI score of 3 or 4. Hypertension was categorized as: normotensive (SBP < 120 mmHg and DBP < 80 mmHg), pre-hypertensive (120 < SBP < 140 mmHg or 80 < DBP < 90 mmHg) and hypertensive (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication). Multivariate Poisson regression analyses were performed controlling for age, sex, household income, drinking, smoking, physical activity, obesity, hypercholesterolaemia and diabetes mellitus. Stratified analyses were performed to identify specific risk groups. RESULTS Hypertension showed a significant positive association with periodontitis in the fully adjusted model in female adults with a dose-response relationship. This association was highlighted in females aged 30-59 years (prevalence ratio = 1.25; 95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.40). The strength of the association was highest in females aged 30-39 years and decreased with increasing age. Among females aged 30-59 years, high-risk groups of this link were lower middle income quartile, never drinker and non-diabetes groups for both pre-hypertension and hypertension. CONCLUSION Our data showed that hypertension was associated with periodontitis in Korean female adults independent of known confounders.

Periodontitis Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Koreans: Results from the Yangpyeong Cohort Study

To investigate the association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment in elderly Koreans.

Korean Version of Child Perceptions Questionnaire and Dental Caries among Korean Children

Although dental caries has been a major oral health problem for children, the association between dental caries and oral health related quality of life has been still controversial. This study aims to evaluate the association between the Korean version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (K-CPQ) and dental caries among Korean children. Eight hundred one school children aged 8 to 14 years participated in this study. After the K-CPQ was validated we performed an association study. The K-CPQ was self-reported. Dental caries were evaluated by dentists using the World Health Organization Index. Correlation analyses (intraclass correlation coefficient, Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson’s correlation coefficient [r]) and linear regression models (partial r) including age, gender and type of school were applied. Untreated deciduous dental caries was associated with the K-CPQ8-10 overall score (partial r = 0.15, P <0.05). The link was highlighted in the domains of functional limitation and emotional well-being. Filled teeth due to caries (FT) was associated with the K-CPQ11-14 overall domain (partial r = 0.14, P = 0.002) as well as with the oral symptoms domain (partial r = 0.16, P = 0.001). This association was highlighted among public school children. Our data indicate that K-CPQ was independently associated with dental caries. The K-CPQ could be a practical tool to evaluate the subjective oral health among Korean children aged 8 to 14.

Validation of Periodontitis Screening Model Using Sociodemographic, Systemic, and Molecular Information in a Korean Population

BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate and validate a periodontitis screening model that includes sociodemographic, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and molecular information, including gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and blood cytokines. METHODS The authors selected 506 participants from the Shiwha-Banwol cohort: 322 participants from the 2005 cohort for deriving the screening model and 184 participants from the 2007 cohort for its validation. Periodontitis was assessed by dentists using the community periodontal index. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α in blood and MMP-8, -9, and -13 in GCF were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MetS was assessed by physicians using physical examination and blood laboratory data. Information about age, sex, income, smoking, and drinking was obtained by interview. Logistic regression analysis was applied to finalize the best-fitting model and validate the model using sensitivity, specificity, and c-statistics. RESULTS The derived model for periodontitis screening had a sensitivity of 0.73, specificity of 0.85, and c-statistic of 0.86 (P <0.001); those of the validated model were 0.64, 0.91, and 0.83 (P <0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The model that included age, sex, income, smoking, drinking, and blood and GCF biomarkers could be useful in screening for periodontitis. A future prospective study is indicated for evaluating this models ability to predict the occurrence of periodontitis.

Association between periodontitis and salivary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine among Korean rural adults.

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the association between salivary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and periodontitis among community-dwelling Korean adults. METHODS A total of 211 adults (80 men and 131 women) were cross-sectionally surveyed from the Sunchang Longevity Cohort. Periodontitis was defined as having at least 30% of teeth with proximal attachment loss ≥5 mm. The salivary 8-OHdG level was categorized into tertiles: low (<0.916 ng/ml), medium (0.916 to <2.675 ng/ml) and high (≥2.675 ng/ml). Sociodemographic, habitual and systemic health-related factors were controlled for. Logistic regression analysis was performed for the outcome of severe periodontitis. Analysis of covariance in general linear model was performed for the outcome of 8-OHdG. RESULTS The high 8-OHdG level showed a significant association with periodontitis. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 2.40 (1.05-5.51), and it was highlighted by adding the interaction term with drinking and smoking. The adjusted mean log-transformed value of 8-OHdG was significantly higher in the severe periodontitis group (1.40 ng/ml) than in the control group (1.02 ng/ml) (ancova, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS 8-OHdG was associated with periodontitis. Thus, salivary 8-OHdG could be a useful marker for periodontitis.

The association of dietary vitamin C intake with periodontitis among Korean adults: Results from KNHANES IV

Backgrounds The association of dietary vitamin C (vit C) on periodontitis requires more valid evidence from large representative samples to enable sufficient adjustments. This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary vit C intake and periodontitis after controlling for various confounders in the representative Korean adult population Method A total of 10,930 Korean adults (≥19 years) from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set were included in this cross-sectional study. Periodontitis was defined as community periodontal index score of 3 or 4. Dietary vit C intake was estimated from a 24-hour dietary record, and categorized into adequate and inadequate according to the Korean Estimated Average Requirement value. Potential confounders included age, sex, income, frequency of tooth brushing, use of floss, dental visit, drinking, smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity. A multivariable logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis were applied. Results Those with inadequate dietary vit C intake were more likely by 1.16 times to have periodontitis than those with adequate dietary vit C intake (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.16, 95% confidence interval = 1.04–1.29). Lowest and middle-low quartile of dietary vit C intake, compared to highest quartile of dietary vit C intake, showed significant association (aOR = 1.28 and 1.22 respectively), which was in a biological-gradient relationship (trend-p <0.05). Conclusions Our data showed that inadequate dietary vit C intake was independently associated with periodontitis among Korean adults. Hence, adequate intake of dietary vitamin C could be substantially important on the promotion of periodontal health among Korean adults.

Deep sequencing of subgingival microbiota according to subclinical atherosclerosis in Korean adults: Pilot study

1 Microbial Culture Collection, National Centre for Cell Science, Pashan, Pune – 411021, India. 2 Department of Microbiology, Elphinstone College, Fort, Mumbai 400 032, India. 3 Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune – 411007, India. 4 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur 416013, India. 5 Biochemical Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.A abuse can cause substantial liver insufficiencies leading to significant mortality worldwide, regardless of the available therapeutic options. Recently, we have evaluated the use of alternative agents like Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and L. plantarum, to control ALD. The prebiotic property of EGCG for enhancing the growth of L. plantarum was evaluated. Based on this property a coupled formulation consisting of both EGCG and L. plantarum was developed by encapsulating these agents in Caalginate beads to achieve enhanced biological effects. The formulation was extensively characterized and evaluated for its enhanced in vivo efficiency. Effect of EGCG to enhance the growth of L. plantarum was significantly better than inulin. Combination beads lowered serum transaminases and blood alcohol levels. Alcohol fed rats elicited raised plasma endotoxin levels, attributable to the disrupted intestinal permeability, confirmed by lactulose-mannitol test using HPTLC. Transcription studies for TLR-4 receptor mediated signaling molecules (MyD88, CD14, MD2) revealed modulation in the expression of these molecules, resulting in the down-regulation of NF-κB in rats treated with combination beads. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines i.e., TNF-α and IL12β/40 subunit, COX-2 in addition to the levels of antioxidants, oxidants and micronuclei formation also assumed normal levels. Histo-architecture depicted normal liver and intestine in rats treated with co-encapsulated beads whereas severely distorted histology was observed for respective tissues in alcoholic rats. Thus, the formulation of L. plantarum with EGCG in a synbox can be a promising therapeutic option ensuring enhanced bioperformance against ALD. To the best of our knowledge, these findings are being reported for the first time.