N. M. Ganzherli

Formation of random and regular relief-phase structures on silver halide photographic emulsions by holographic methods

The formation of diffusers and microlens rasters on silver halide emulsions by holographic methods is considered. Two techniques for converting amplitude holographic recording to relief-phase recording, selective curing and irradiation of the emulsion gelatin by short-wavelength UV radiation, are compared.

Holographic diffusers based on silver halide photoemulsion layers

This paper discusses the possibilities of the method of creating relief-phase structures, including the action of short-wave UV radiation on silver halide gelatin photoemulsions in order to create large-area holographic diffusers.

Forming the surface relief of complex holographic structures on photosensitive material PFG-01

This paper presents an analysis of the results of measurements of the surface relief of holographic diffusers obtained on PFG-01 photoemulsions by means of multiplex holograms. The results of the measurements confirm that different methods of converting amplitude holographic structures into relief-phase structures have a substantial effect on the optical characteristics of the diffusers.

The effect of UV radiation on the properties of diffraction gratings based on dichromated gelatin

Results of experiments on the influence exerted by UV radiation on the height of the surface relief and on the diffraction efficiency of holographic diffraction gratings recorded on dichromated gelatin layers are reported. It is shown that the height of the surface relief substantially increases, which leads to a rise in the diffraction efficiency of the gratings to a value exceeding 25%.

Formation of optical scatterers on silver halide photomaterials using multiplex holograms

A method for formation of optical scatterers based on multiplex holograms is proposed. The synthesis of complicated holographic structures that scatter the incident radiation in a solid angle is theoretically analyzed. A significant effect of the methods for profiling of the surface of the silver halide photolayer on the characteristics of high-efficiency diffusers is experimentally demonstrated.

On-axis diffuse screen based on a reference-free volume hologram

A new type of hologram that elaborates upon the simplest (Gabor) on-axis hologram is suggested. The new approach makes it possible to eliminate the projected image distortions typical of the Gabor hologram. Specifically, based on a reference-free thick hologram, an on-axis holographic screen that does not transmit the zeroth order is prepared. In addition, this screen does not produce a halo and the conjugate image. It allows for recording in one spectral range and reconstruction in another, thereby greatly simplifying the choice of a light-sensitive record medium. With this screen, a color image can be projected.

The Transfer of a Holographic Structure from Dihromated Gelatin Layers on a Polymethylmethacrylate Substrate

The possibility of the transfer of a holographic structure that was originally registered on layers of dichromated gelatin (DCG) onto a substrate material of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has been shown. The use of a selective destructive effect of short-wave UV radiation with a wavelength that is less than 270 nm is the basis of the mechanism of formation of secondary relief-phase holographic structure on the surface of PMMA. The optimization of processing modes and selection of developing compositions which are based on isopropanol and methylisobutylketone (MIBK) have been carried out, which made it possible to create reliefphase holographic gratings with high diffraction efficiency (DE) of about 25% and the maximum depth of the surface relief of the order of 1 μm on the substrates of PMMA.

Imaging properties of a 2D crossed holographic grating on silver halide photoemulsions

A technique is proposed for photochemical processing of photoemulsions, which makes it possible to form lens-shaped focusing elements at the nodes of crossed 2D holographic gratings (2DHGs). The results of experiments on 2DHG recording performed on PFG-01 material using this technique show considerable improvement of imaging properties of 2DHG.

The phenomenon of light concentration by a speckle screen based on a reference-free volume hologram

It is experimentally demonstrated that a speckle screen based on a reference-free volume hologram is capable of concentrating light in the visibility zone. Holographic speckle screens for the projection of images were formed in a bulk photosensitive material based on glycerol-containing dichromated gelatin (DCG). With such screens formed using radiation with a wavelength (0.442 nm) in the spectral range of DCG photosensitivity, it is possible to obtain high-quality image projections using both coherent radiation with a different wavelength and white light. The projection properties of speckle screens were studied, and their ability to concentrate light in the visibility zone was confirmed.

Holographic screen to project a 3D image by the method of point-focused aspects

A holographic screen that makes it possible to display 3D images by the method of point-focused aspects (of a scene to be displayed) or by projecting narrow line holograms is suggested and implemented. The image thus formed reconstructs only horizontal parallax, which allows one to cut the body of information necessary for 3D imaging. Projection through the screen and a way of recording the screen are considered.