N. Marrocco

Strong critical current density enhancement in NiCu/NbN superconducting nanostripes for optical detection

We present measurements of ferromagnet/superconductor (NiCu/NbN) and plain superconducting (NbN) nanostripes with the linewidth ranging from 150 to 300 nm. The NiCu (3 nm)/NbN (8 nm) bilayers, as compared to NbN (8 nm), showed a up to six times increase in their critical current density, reaching at 4.2 K the values of 5.5 MA/cm2 for a 150 nm wide nanostripe meander and 12.1 MA/cm2 for a 300 nm one. We also observed six-time sensitivity enhancement when the 150 nm wide NiCu/NbN nanostripe was used as an optical detector. The strong critical current enhancement is explained by the vortex pinning strength and density increase in NiCu/NbN bilayers and confirmed by approximately tenfold increase in the vortex polarizability factor.

Eddy Current Technique Based on

In this work we present non-destructive evaluation measurements on fiber/metal laminate specimen by using eddy current techniques employing HTc SQUID (superconductive quantum interference device) and giant magneto-resistive (GMR) sensors. Our aim is to compare the performance and the capability of HTc SQUID and GMR sensors to detect the presence of damage inside FML composite materials. Experimental results concerning the detection of artificial defects in aeronautical structures with high magnetic sensitivity by using HTc SQUID, and with high spatial resolution using GMR, will be presented and discussed.

{\rm HT}_{\rm c}

This paper reports on Giant‐Magneto Resistance (GMR) electronic second order gradiometer used as an EC probe to detect defects in Al‐Ti riveted multi‐layers non‐magnetic metallic samples used in aircraft structures. An electronic characterization of the GMR gradiometer set‐up for investigating the probe performance and its magnetic field sensitivity is presented. The comparison between magnetic images obtained by GMR probes and conventional excitation coils demonstrates the possibility to use successfully GMR technology as sensors for NDT applications.

-SQUID and GMR Sensors for Non-Destructive Evaluation of Fiber/Metal Laminates

Interactions of superconducting nanostructures with external optical radiation represent a very interesting topic in both the framework of nonequilibrium physics and photodetector applications. Heterogeneous nano-layers, such as proximized superconductor/normal metal and superconductor/ferromagnet (S/F) bilayers, are very promising since they exhibit the ultrafast Cooper-pair and quasiparticle dynamics. We have characterized Nb/NiCu, NbN/NiCu, YBaCuO/Au/NiCu, and YBaCuO/LaSrMnO proximized S/F nano-bilayers, using time-resolved, all-optical, femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy measurements down to 4 K. Our experiments demonstrate that these bilayers are very promising for novel, ultrafast photodetection and spintronics device applications. Moreover, our time-resolved studies of the carrier dynamics in oxide-based S/F structures open the way to novel basic-physics investigations of nonequilibrium effects in correlated systems.

GMR SECOND ORDER ELECTRONIC GRADIOMETER AS EDDY CURRENT PROBE IN NDE APPLICATIONS

Among superconducting materials used in developing high performance nanowire detectors, NbN demonstrated to have unique characteristics in terms of fast response time, quantum efficiency and photon-number resolving capability. We investigated the role of proximity effect on superconducting NbN thin films covered by a weak ferromagnetic NiCu thin layer. Hetero-structures NbN/NiCu have been deposited by DC magnetron sputtering on MgO substrates without any heating. Characterization in terms of morphological, transport, and ultra-fast optical properties has been done. Superconducting nanowires with meander-type geometries (48 micron lengths and <500 nm widths) have been designed and fabricated. Preliminary results concerning their photoresponse to 1550nm laser irradiation are presented.

Ultrafast Photoresponse of Superconductor/Ferromagnet Nano-Layered Hybrids

Magnetic semiconductors such as Ga1-xMnxAs have attracted a great interest in the last years due to their high potential as advanced-performance materials in optical detection and in novel spintronic devices. The carrier dynamics and the nonlinear optical response in low-temperature-grown GaAs/Ga1-xMnxAs heterostructures represent an interesting topic much less explored than their electronic transport and/or structural studies. We report our optical investigations of Ga1-xMnxAs films, grown with different Mn concentrations and subject to annealing conditions, by time-resolved, femtosecond pump-probe, differential reflectivity measurements. The analysis of the carrier relaxation times at low temperatures is presented and discussed according to nonequilibrium theories for electron scattering in magnetic materials.

Photoresponse experiments on NbN proximized nanostructures

Time-resolved transient pump-probe spectroscopy measurements on proximized ferromagnet/superconductor (F/S) hybrid structures are presented. We focused our attention on both low and high critical temperature superconductors such as Nb and YBCO, while for F the weak-ferromagnetic alloy Ni0.48Cu0.52 has been used. Dynamics of the electron-phonon relaxation process has been investigated as a function of both the temperature and the F-film thickness. In the case of NiCu/Nb bilayers the presence of a thin F overlayer reduces the slow bolometric component of the photoresponse, while in YBCO-based structures faster relaxation times were measured. F/S nanobilayers are very attractive toward the development of novel hybrid superconducting photodetectors.