N. Senninger
Heidelberg University
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Featured researches published by N. Senninger.
Transplantation | 1989
G. Otto; Ch. Herfarth; N. Senninger; G. Feist; Stefan Post; K. Gmelin
Une observation: malade de 25 ans atteint de galactosemie depuis la naissance et de cirrhose et hepatome depuis peu, traite par transplantation hepatique. Le malade est en bon etat 6 mois plus tard. Les troubles lies a la galactosemie ont disparu
Journal of Surgical Research | 1992
Masao Tanaka; N. Senninger; N. Runkel; Christian Herfarth
Motilin and caerulein are known to affect motility of the sphincter of Oddi (SO) and the gastrointestinal tract. The role of SO-duodenal myoneural continuity in the action of these peptides was studied. Five opossums had translocation of the duodenal papilla into the jejunum, while preserving the blood supply to the SO and duodenum. Serosal electrodes were placed in the SO, duodenum, and jejunum. Five control animals had electrode placement alone. Myoelectric recording was obtained during fasting and after administration of motilin (400 ng/kg) or caerulein (500 ng/kg/hr). Motilin induced premature phase III-like activity in the SO and intestine in controls. After the translocation of the papilla, the spike frequencies during phase II and phase III were significantly lower than in controls, whereas those during phase I and phase IV were not different. Motilin caused premature intestinal phase III and increased SO spike activity. However, the increase in SO spike activity was insufficient to form phase III. Caerulein produced a sustained increase in spike activity in both regions in both groups, but the increase was less in the translocation group than in controls. These data suggest that duodenal activity stimulated by motilin and caerulein participates in the activation of SO motility via intrinsic myoneural pathways.
European Surgical Research | 1995
J. C. Baas; N. Senninger; H. Elser; Ch. Herfarth
The phagocytic function and biokinetics of the hepatic reticuloendothelial system (RES) were evaluated using a 25-nm diameter colloid (Nanocoll) and a scintillation camera technique in opossums with obstruction of the pancreatic duct (group I) and additional obstruction of the common bile duct (group II). The liver net uptake curve was analysed using natural log regression. The regression curves proved to fit very well (r > 0.93) and a parameter R was calculated to describe the curves. In group I there was a slight but significant decrease in the RES function and no morphological change in the pancreas. In group II, RES function was significantly more suppressed than in group I. The opossums developed severe haemorrhagic pancreatitis. The results show that the regression parameter R is well suited to described liver RES function, and suggest that a suppressed liver RES after biliary obstruction could be an important factor in the pathogenesis of biliary pancreatitis.
Research in Experimental Medicine | 1987
J. C. U. Coelho; N. Senninger; N. Runkel; Christian Herfarth; K. Messmer
SummaryThe effect of the calcium-channel blocker nifedipine on the electromyographic activity of the small bowel and sphincter of Oddi was studied in conscious opossums. Electromyographic and arterial pressure recordings were started 7–10 days after implantation of seven pairs of electrodes along the small bowel and sphincter of Oddi. Continuous infusion of nifedipine caused a dose-dependent reduction of the frequency of spike bursts in the small bowel and sphincter of Oddi. Nifedipine at high doses abolished the migrating motor complex in the gastrointestinal tract. The frequency of slow waves was unchanged. This drug possibly inhibits the membrane influx of calcium into the smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal tract. We conclude that nifedipine causes an intense decrease in the motility of the small bowel and sphincter of Oddi.
Pancreas | 1993
H. G. Machens; N. Senninger; N. Runkel; G. Frank; R.V. Kummer; Ch. Herfarth
Changes of pancreatic blood flow (PBF) during acute pancreatitis (AP) have been under investigation by means of electromagnetic flowmeters, radioactive microspheres, isotope fractionation, radioactive gas clearance, and venous outflow techniques. All methods, however, have certain drawbacks, which make the application of other techniques desirable. In this study, the hydrogen clearance technique (HCT) was tested for the first time in a well established foxhound model of AP. PBF, systemic blood pressure, and heart rate were monitored over 90 min after the onset of AP and 60 min after therapeutic infusion of Dextran-40 (10 ml/kg body wt). Our results fully agree with the data found by other techniques in this experimental model. Sixty-five of 73 electrodes implanted into the pancreas of eight foxhounds were found working. From 1,024 registered clearance curves, 876 were identified as monoexponential. In the other cases, and only then, we found either dislocation of the electrode tips (n = 6) or perielectrodal hemorrhage during histological examination (n = 4). We believe that the HCT is a feasible and reliable tool for measuring PBF in experimental settings like AP.
Digestive Surgery | 1996
N. Senninger
Infection of bile is one of the consequences of acute cholecystitis and bile duct obstruction. Its contribution to infection of pancreatic necrosis, despite its theoretical relevance, remains unclear.
Langenbecks Archiv für Chirurgie. Supplement | 1997
N. Senninger; M. Colombo-Benkmann; S. Haas; K. Frank-Raue; Ch Herfarth
The issue of parathyroid autotransplantation in oncologic thyroid surgery is discussed controversially. In a series of 15 patients who underwent bilateral modified radical neck dissection for thyroid malignancy, parathyroid autotransplantation was carried out. Six months after surgery only one patient was hypoparathyroid, requiring permanent medication, thus autotransplantation is a safe procedure for the prevention of accidental hypoparathyroidism.
Langenbecks Archiv für Chirurgie. Supplement | 1997
J. C. Baas; C. Schleicher; H. Elser; Ch. Herfarth; N. Senninger
Die Pathogenese der akuten biliaren Pankreatitis ist weitgehend ungeklart. Die von Opie 1901 aufgestellte Hypothese des Refluxes von Galle in das Pankreas als Ausloser der biliaren Pankreatitis wird zunehmend in Frage gestellt [1]. Einer neueren Theorie zufolge spielt eine Funktionseinschrankung des hepatischen retikuloendothelialen Systems (RES) eine wichtige Rolle. In eigenen Versuchen konnten wir im Opossummodell eine deutliche Suppression der hepatischen RES-Kapazitat nach biliarer Obstruktion nachweisen [2, 3, 4]. Kam zu dieser noch eine Obstruktion des Ductus pancreaticus hinzu, so entwickelten all diese Tiere eine schwere hamorrhagische Pankreatitis. Alleinige Pankreasgangobstruktion fuhrte lediglich zu einer milden odematosen Pankreatitis. Da nicht auszuschliesen war, das es sich bei der RES-Dysfunktion nicht um einen kausalen, sondern um einen sekundar durch die Pankreatitis hervorgerufenen Effekt handelte, wurde in der vorliegenden Studie die Frage untersucht, ob eine artifizielle RES-Blockade bei zusatzlicher Ductus pancreaticus Obstruktion ebenfalls eine schwere akute Pankreatitis auszulosen vermag.
Archive | 1995
Markus Golling; M.V. Frankenberg; N. Senninger; Ch. Herfarth; G. Otto
Seit Anfang bzw. Ende der 80er Jahre werden Cyclosporin A (CyA) und FK 506 als Immunsuppressiva der ersten Wahl in der Transplantationsmedizin eingesetzt. CyA hemmt in erster Linie die Produktion von Zytokinen, die an der Regulation der T-Zellaktivierung beteiligt sind, insbesondere die De-novo-Synthese von Interleukin 2 (IL-2). Es sind jedoch — wie beim FK 506 — auch Einflusse auf Makrophagen und B-Zellen beschrieben [1]. FK 506 — von der Struktur her unterschiedlich — greift in die T-Zellsteuerung und Lymphokinproduktion in vergleichbarer Weise bereits in einer Konzentration von 1/100 des CyA ein. Fur beide Immunsuppressiva sind als Nebenwirkungen einer Langzeitanwendung Nephro- und Neurotoxizitat, Hypertension und hormonelle Stoffwechselstorungen bekannt [2]. Infolge unterschiedlicher Aktionen auf der enzymatischen Ebene (fehlende Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans Isomerase Aktivierung; Phosphat gesteuerte Ca2+-Abgabe aus Mitochondrien) wurde vermutet, das FK 506 eventuell geringere Nebenwirkungen aufweist [1].
Archive | 1990
N. Senninger; S.-Q. Zou; H. G. Machens; Ch. Herfarth
Die Motilitat der Oberbauchorgane beim Menschen und vielen Saugern wie z.B. Hunden und Opossums zeigt ein charakteristisches interdigestives Muster (“Migrating Myoelectric Complex”, MMC; 1). Er ist der sensibelste bekannte Parameter zur Messung der elektrophysiologischen Aktivitat und erlaubt eine direkte Evaluierung z.B. der Dynamik des Sphincter Oddi (SO) und Duodenums (D). Im Bereich der Verdauungsorgane wird die konzertierte Aktion von Darm- und Gallengangs- sowie Sphincter Oddi-Motilitat z.B. durch Operationen, Pankreas- oder Gallenwegserkrankungen erheblich gestort (1, 3, 4). Diese Aktivitat des SO und D unter den Bedingungen eines beginnenden “Common-Channel”-Verschlusses wurde bisher elektrophysiologisch nicht charakterisiert. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung der Motilitat des SO und D wahrend temporaren Verschlusses des “Common Channel” und in der Erholungsphase nach Beseitigung der Obstruktion.