Nagaraj Sivasubramaniam

Effectiveness correlates of transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic review of the MLQ literature

A meta-analysis of the transformational leadership literature using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was conducted to (a) integrate the diverse findings, (b) compute an average effect for different leadership scales, and (c) probe for certain moderators of the leadership style-effectiveness relationship. Transformational leadership scales of the MLQ were found to be reliable and significantly predicted work unit effectiveness across the set of studies examined. Moderator variables suggested by the literature, including level of the leader (high or low), organizational setting (public or private), and operationalization of the criterion measure (subordinate perceptions or organizational measures of effectiveness), were empirically tested and found to have differential impacts on correlations between leader style and effectiveness. The operationalization of the criterion variable emerged as a powerful moderator. Unanticipated findings for type of organization and level of the leader are explored regarding the frequency of transformational leader behavior and relationships with effectiveness.

Context and leadership: an examination of the nine-factor full-range leadership theory using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire ☆

In this study, we examined the validity of the measurement model and factor structure of Bass and Avolio’s Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) (Form 5X). We hypothesized that evaluations of leadership—and hence the psychometric properties of leadership instruments—may be affected by the context in which leadership is observed and evaluated. Using largely homogenous business samples consisting of 2279 pooled male and 1089 pooled female raters who evaluated same-gender leaders, we found support for the nine-factor leadership model proposed by Bass and Avolio. The model was configurally and partially metrically invariant—suggesting that the same constructs were validly measured in the male and female groups. Mean differences were found between the male and female samples on four leadership factors (Study 1). Next, using factor-level data of 18 independently gathered samples (N=6525 raters) clustered into prototypically homogenous contexts, we tested the nine-factor model and found it was stable (i.e., fully invariant) within homogenous contexts (Study 2). The contextual factors comprised environmental risk, leader–follower gender, and leader hierarchical level. Implications for use of the MLQ and nine-factor model are discussed.

A Longitudinal Model of the Effects of Team Leadership and Group Potency on Group Performance

In the current study, the authors examine how leadership within a team predicts levels of group potency and group performance over time. The authors predict that groups that rated themselves high on transformational team leadership behaviors soon after the groups were formed would see themselves as being more potent over time and also would achieve a higher level of group performance. These predictions were confirmed. The implications of the current study for further research on leadership within teams are discussed.

Leveraging technology to improve field service

The primary objective of this paper is to propose a theoretical framework for assessing the role and influence of technology in creating an effective field service organization. We examine the role of technology in the context of managing relationships among the company, its employees and customers. Using the analogy of a country managing its foreign affairs, we suggest that consistent and concurrent attention to carrying out Diplomacy, Preparedness and Engagement responsibilities with the aid of Technology (DPEAT) would result in superior service outcomes. We illustrate implementing our framework in a field service organization and use a published case study to demonstrate the application of our model.

Supervisory support, social exchange relationships, and sexual harassment consequences: a test of competing models

Abstract This article examines the role that the immediate supervisor has in mitigating the negative consequences of sexual harassment experiences when he or she is not the perpetrator of the harassment. We examined a competing mediating/moderating effects model of perceived supervisory support and social exchange relationships on the consequences of perceived sexual harassment experiences. Using survey data gathered from military personnel, we found support for direct effects of both perceived sexual harassment and leadership on individual outcomes but failed to confirm our initial hypothesis of perceived leadership as a moderator. However, we found significant support for a moderating effect when the sample was subgrouped by gender of the leader. We also found partial support for leadership as a mediator of the relationships between sexual harassment and individual outcomes.

Aligning the PRME: How Study Abroad Nurtures Responsible Leadership.

Productive relationships between business schools and corporate organizations provide fertile ground for bringing business leaders, faculty, students, and community partners face-to-face with contemporaries abroad to foster development of responsible global leadership competencies. While well-orchestrated multicountry collaboration offers unique opportunities for many stakeholders to gain life-altering perspectives, embedding international field work and experiential pedagogy in a business curriculum is not without risk. Utilizing content analysis, this study provides evidence of the development of five specific responsible leadership competencies as a result of experiential learning through international study trips across three different academic years and student cohorts. These immersive study abroad experiences were designed to integrate cross-disciplinary course content through first-hand examination of global practices in social, financial, and environmental management in context while aligning MBA pedagogy with all six Principles for Responsible Management Education.

An analytic evaluation of microcomputer educational OR/MS Software

This paper evaluates, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), six recent OR/MS software for microcomputers. Two methods were used to aggregate the individual responses and close agreement was found between individual ratings, as well as between methods. The overall ranking of the six software packages was not practically affected by changes in the importance assigned to the various criteria. Guidelines are provided to select the appropriate software, depending upon specific requirements of the user.

Post-IPO Actions and Firm Survival: More than Signaling?

Entrepreneurial firms, at their birth, have a high probability of failure due to the “liability of newness.” Even firms that surmount the initial challenges and get to the stage of issuing an initial pubic offering (IPO) still face a significant hazard rate. In this paper, we examine whether, in the post-IPO stage, strategic choice matters. We examine whether management actions following an IPO enhance the firm’s survival and, second, if they do, which actions really make a difference. We analyzed a sample of 104 internet-related firms that issued IPOs between 1995 and 1999, and find that management action in three areas - market expansion, entry into alliances, and expansion or reconfiguration of the top management team and/or board of directors - significantly enhance firm survival.

A Structural Equation Model of the Relationship between Advertising, Profitability and Size

According to conventional theories, advertising intensity promotes product differentiation, leading to higher barriers to entry and higher profits. Previous research has attempted to test the relationship between advertising and profitability using historical and experimental approaches. However, these relationships have not been examined over a period of time; hence no causality can be imputed to the variables of interest. Based on COMPUSTAT data for 131 firms in the consumer goods industries, this study examined the relationships between advertising, profitability and sales over a three year period using LISREL.