Nancy Fichtman Dana

When curriculum‐based, technology‐enhanced field experiences and teacher inquiry coalesce: An opportunity for conceptual change?

National agencies advocate the use of field experiences to help prepare teachers to integrate technology in their classrooms. However, prospective teachers often fail to synthesise the integration of technology with the complexities of teaching during such experiences. This study suggests teacher inquiry, a strategy for helping educators systematically and intentionally study their own practice, provides important benefits for prospective teachers participating in curriculum-based, technology-enhanced field experiences. Specifically, this study explores whether or not engagement in teacher inquiry can promote conceptual change related to teaching with technology. Thirteen inquiries conducted by prospective teachers in six elementary schools were analysed and one instrumental case was identified. The case exemplifies how curriculum-based, technology-enhanced field experiences and teacher inquiry may coalesce to support conceptual change for prospective teachers. In fact, the marriage of curriculum-based, technology-enhanced field experiences and teacher inquiry embodies research-based conditions necessary for conceptual change. Teacher inquiry is widely recognised and supported in the general teacher education literature yet its use by prospective teachers in curriculum-based, technology-enhanced field experiences is novel. This exploratory study highlights its potential and encourages further research into its usefulness as a tool to prepare the next generation of teachers to be effective technology-using educators.

Critical Concepts of Mentoring in an Urban Context

Given the increasing challenges faced by high-poverty urban schools, mentoring has become the panacea for policy makers interested in a quick-fix solution to the teacher quality dilemma. As a result, mentoring programs have experienced exponential growth with little empirical attention during the last decade. This 16-month qualitative investigation within a large city in the northeastern United States, sought to better understand the work of mentors in high-poverty urban schools. Analysis of the data collected led to the identification of three assertions that highlight the interplay that occurs in the urban teacher mentoring context between four critical concepts: novice teacher survival, novice teacher success, onus of responsibility, and a social justice stance. Implications are discussed related to the need for adequate resources, placement, and preparation of mentors in high-poverty schools. Additionally, the study also asserts the role that a passion for or a disposition toward social justice plays in the success and survival of both mentors and novice teachers in urban contexts.

Facilitating action research: a study of coaches, their experiences, and their reflections on leading teachers in the process of practitioner inquiry

Despite the profound impact of action research coaches on teachers’ experiences of the inquiry process, little research exists in the field regarding the coach’s role. In this exploratory study, two groups of action research coaches – one novice and one experienced – share their experiences of coaching inquiry during the 2009/10 school year. Out of the focus group interviews conducted with each group of coaches, four challenges arose that spanned across the coaching of both groups, despite the level of experience: time, coaching wondering development, coaching data analysis and administration. Implications and future research directions based on this work are discussed.

Pushing the Envelope on What is Known about Professional Development: The Virtual School Experience

The purpose of this study was to understand the ways virtual school teachers experienced professional development framed as a year-long collaborative action research endeavour. These virtual school teachers taught completely online courses for a large virtual school and did not reside within the same geographical location. Thus, the professional development was supported by the use of various synchronous and asynchronous technology tools. This study provides insights into what constitutes powerful online professional learning opportunities not only for virtual school teachers, but for their traditional face-to-face school counterparts, as well as the ways synchronous and asynchronous technology tools can be utilized to scaffold professional learning.

Prime Online: Exploring Teacher Professional Development for Creating Inclusive Elementary Mathematics Classrooms:

Enhancing all students’ academic performance continues to be a national priority, and although achievement gains have been made overtime, shortfalls in mathematics learning for students with disabilities (SWD) remain. Research reveals that a substantial portion of the variability in students’ mathematics achievement gains is due to the teacher. To address the need for teacher professional development (PD) in mathematics for SWD and other struggling mathematics learners, we designed and studied Prime Online—a yearlong, online, PD program with support from an Institute of Education Sciences (IES) Goal 2 Development and Innovation research grant. In this article, the development process and an exploratory study are discussed. Study findings suggest that Prime Online positively influenced general and special education teachers’ reported beliefs and practices, and their learning of mathematics content for teaching, and generated high teacher satisfaction ratings. No difference in the performance of SWD on a state accountability measure of mathematics was found. Implications for further research are discussed.

Creating Opportunities for Reflection in the Education of Early Childhood Teachers

In recent years, there has been a move to reconceptualize teacher education from a set of technical skills prospective teachers must master and subsequently demonstrate during field experiences to a more reflective and critical examination of ones own teaching practices. Reflection can be seen as a way to integrate ones technical, scientific knowledge of teaching with the values, beliefs, and experiences that form ones personal knowledge of teaching. Bowman (1989) argues that this subjective knowledge base needs to be legitimized in order to fully understand the teaching process.

Exploring the Connections Between Action Research and Teacher Leadership: A Reflection on Teacher-Leader Research for Confronting New Challenges

ABSTRACT This reflective article examines the relationship between teachers’ engagement in action research and their ability to lead within their schools. As part of The New Educator’s special issue, “Developing an Inquiry Stance toward Instructional Improvement: Teacher-Leader Action Research,” this article demonstrates the development of an inquiry stance. It shares the story of two practicing teacher leaders within the new and challenging circumstance of adjusting to, and studying, the professional development they provided to help teachers deal with a challenging transition to a radically different school space. This article examines the ways practitioner inquiry supported these teachers to be leaders in the new architectural space designed to promote innovative instruction for twenty-first-century teaching and learning. We posit that coupling teacher leadership and teacher research enables teachers (a) to lead with literature, (b) to lead from data, (c) to lead through sharing, and (d) to lead by example.

Resisting ‘Crash Diet’ Staff Development

People often respond to the pressure of attending a high school reunion or their child’s wedding by going on a crash diet to get quick results. In response, friends may marvel about how good they look on the outside. But what folks don’t acknowledge is that, in the name of getting results, crash dieters have done some very unhealthy things to their bodies. Moreover, often these diets yield only short-term results. In a similar fashion, efforts to quickly respond to the pressures of high-stakes testing resulting from the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act (2001) often abandon much of what is known about job-embedded staff develby Nancy Fichtman Dana and Diane Yendol-Hoppey

Incorporating practitioner inquiry into an online professional development program: the Prime Online experience

Engagement in practitioner inquiry by classroom teachers is a promising mechanism for teacher professional learning. While much has been learned about the positive role inquiry can play in traditional professional development efforts, we know less about the impact of inquiry in a rapidly advancing technological age that includes the proliferation of online professional development institutes and programs. The purpose of this article is to explore the role of inquiry in online professional development by providing a detailed description of a year-long program called Prime Online. Supported by US federal funding, this program was designed to help teachers develop the mathematics content and pedagogical content knowledge necessary to implement research-based practices in inclusive elementary classrooms within a framework of practitioner inquiry. A detailed description of this program is presented followed by an examination of the inquiry projects completed by the participants. Implications of this effort for teacher learning and online professional development endeavors are offered.

Teachers on the Front Line of Prevention Science

Because prevention programs are often implemented in schools, teachers have an important role to play in delivery of universal interventions. To design school-based programs that are feasible for implementation in routine practice, and to collaborate fruitfully with school personnel, it is imperative that prevention scientists understand the work of teachers and the reality of their work in classrooms. To that end, this chapter reviews the knowledge base for teaching, the educational preparation for teaching, and the ongoing professional development that continues to build teachers’ knowledge. The story of a hypothetical middle school teacher is provided to illustrate the nature of a teacher’s professional life. The chapter closes with suggestions for how prevention scientists can forge collaborative relationships with teachers by being empathetic, flexible, and supportive.