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Dive into the research topics where Nelson Violante-Carvalho is active.

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Featured researches published by Nelson Violante-Carvalho.


Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias | 2009

Diffraction and reflection of irregular waves in a harbor employing a spectral model

Nelson Violante-Carvalho; Rafael B. Paes-Leme; Domenico Accetta; Frederico Ostritz

The SWAN wave model is widely used in coastal waters and the main focus of this work is on its application in a harbor. Its last released version – SWAN 40.51 – includes an approximation to compute diffraction, however, so far there are few published works that discuss this matter. The performance of the model is therefore investigated in a harbor where reflection and diffraction play a relevant role. To assess its estimates, a phase-resolving Boussinesq wave model is employed as well, together with measurements carried out at a small-scale model of the area behind the breakwater. For irregular, short-crested waves with broad directional spreading, the importance of diffraction is relatively small. On the other hand, reflection of the incident waves is significant, increasing the energy inside the harbor. Nevertheless, the SWAN model does not achieve convergence when it is set to compute diffraction and reflection simultaneously. It is concluded that, for situations typically encountered in harbors, with irregular waves near reflective obstacles, the model should be set without the diffraction option.


Revista Brasileira De Ensino De Fisica | 2007

Modelagem computacional da propagação de ondas superficiais no oceano: um subsídio para a compreensão dos fenômenos ópticos

Saulo Meirelles; Nelson Violante-Carvalho

In this paper we discuss some of the transformations undergone by the water waves as they approach shallow water and how their behavior can be applied to improve the understanding of optical waves. Moreover, in order to compare the similarities between water waves and light waves, a ocean wave propagation model was employed as a research tool for some idealized cases, helping the visualization of this equivalence.


Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias | 2005

On the retrieval of significant wave heights from spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (ERS-SAR) using the Max-Planck Institut (MPI) algorithm

Nelson Violante-Carvalho

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) onboard satellites is the only source of directional wave spectra with continuous and global coverage. Millions of SAR Wave Mode (SWM) imagettes have been acquired since the launch in the early 1990s of the first European Remote Sensing Satellite ERS-1 and its successors ERS-2 and ENVISAT, which has opened up many possibilities specially for wave data assimilation purposes. The main aim of data assimilation is to improve the forecasting introducing available observations into the modeling procedures in order to minimize the differences between model estimates and measurements. However there are limitations in the retrieval of the directional spectrum from SAR images due to nonlinearities in the mapping mechanism. The Max-Planck Institut (MPI) scheme, the first proposed and most widely used algorithm to retrieve directional wave spectra from SAR images, is employed to compare significant wave heights retrieved from ERS-1 SAR against buoy measurements and against the WAM wave model. It is shown that for periods shorter than 12 seconds the WAM model performs better than the MPI, despite the fact that the model is used as first guess to the MPI method, that is the retrieval is deteriorating the first guess. For periods longer than 12 seconds, the part of the spectrum that is directly measured by SAR, the performance of the MPI scheme is at least as good as the WAM model.


Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas | 2015

SENSIBILIDADE DE ESPECTROS DE ONDAS OCEÂNICAS RECUPERADOS POR RADAR DE ABERTURA SINTÉTICA

André Luiz Cordeiro Dos Santos; Felipe Marques Dos Santos; Luiz Mariano Carvalho; Nelson Violante-Carvalho

SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar ou Radar de Abertura Sintetica) e o unico sensor transportado por satelites capaz de medir o espectro direcional de ondas. Sua elevada cobertura espacial e temporal permite caracterizar o estado de mar, especialmente a regiao de baixa frequencia do espectro de energia, que vem sendo assimilada em modelos numericos de previsao de ondas em diversos centros operacionais espalhados pelo globo. Contudo, a extracao do espectro de ondas de uma imagem SAR e um procedimento complexo. Alguns modos de operacao nao permitem o emprego de imagens sequenciais para resolver a ambiguidade direcional de propagacao das ondas, o que requer informacoes adicionais, geralmente obtidas de um modelo de ondas. A dependencia destas informacoes adicionais e investigada aplicando-se a inversao classica de Hasselmann a alguns estados de mar teoricos. Esta abordagem e baseada na transformacao analitica do espectro direcional de ondas sobre o espectro de imagem SAR correspondente. A solucao deste problema inverso e determinada por um algoritmo numerico que minimiza um funcional nao linear. Apesar de amplamente utilizado por diversos centros operacionais de previsao, este metodo nao foi extensivamente testado em cenarios experimentais bem definidos. Os resultados mostram que a dependencia investigada e bastante significativa, sobretudo no que diz respeito a direcao de propagacao das ondas, levantando questionamentos sobre a acuracia da tecnica.


Revista Brasileira de Geofísica | 2010

Sobre os mecanismos de imageamento do Radar de Abertura Sintética SAR para a estimação do espectro direcional de ondas geradas pelo vento

Nelson Violante-Carvalho; Konstantina Rizopoulou; Luiz Mariano Carvalho; Brunno F. Goldstein

Apesar de ser o unico sensor transportado em satelites capaz de medir o espectro direcional de ondas, o SAR apresenta algumas limitacoes, inerentes ao processo de abertura sintetica, que causam degradacao na sua resolucao azimutal e portanto o tornam incapaz de medir ondas com comprimentos inferiores a um valor que e dependente do estado de mar. Contudo, sua capacidade unica de caracterizar espectralmente as ondas com cobertura espacial global vem despertando o interesse da comunidade cientifica nos ultimos vinte anos. Neste trabalho, os mecanismos de imageamento das ondas sao discutidos e exemplificados, sendo que uma imagem ERS SAR PRI e empregada para a obtencao do espectro, que e comparado com a medicao de uma boia direcional fundeada nas proximidades. Os resultados sao promissores, indicando o potencial da tecnica.


Revista Brasileira de Geofísica | 2008

Modelagem física e computacional de ondas geradas pelo veto em um terminal portuário: o desempenho do modelo SWAN 40.51 em uma região com elevada reflexão e difração

Rafael B. Paes-Leme; Nelson Violante-Carvalho; Domenico Accetta; Saulo Meirelles

O modelo de geracao e propagacao de ondas SWAN e amplamente utilizado pela comunidade cientifica para obtencao de estimativas do espectro de ondas em areas costeiras, lagos e estuarios. O calculo da difracao nao era representado no modelo tornando as simulacoes em regioes proximas a obstaculos ou portos menos precisas. Recentemente, uma aproximacao para o calculo da difracao foi implementada, porem poucos trabalhos publicados ate o momento abordam esta questao. Seu desempenho e entao investigado em um terminal portuario, uma regiao onde difracao e reflexao sao importantes. Para validar suas estimativas, um modelo baseado nas equacoes de Boussinesq e empregado juntamente com medicoes realizadas em um modelo em escala reduzida do porto. Para ondas irregulares, com espalhamento direcional mais amplo, a importância da difracao e comparativamente menor. A reflexao das ondas incidentes, por sua vez, e significativa aumentando a energia dentro do porto. Contudo, os calculos do modelo nao convergem quando SWAN e configurado para computar difracao e reflexao simultaneamente. Conclui-se que, para situacoes tipicamente encontradas em portos, com ondas irregulares proximas a obstaculos refletivos, a presente versao do SWAN deve ser configurada sem a opcao de calculo da difracao.


ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering | 2003

On the Performance of the MPI Algorithm for the Retrieval of Significant Wave Height From ERS Synthetic Aperture Radar

Nelson Violante-Carvalho; Ian S. Robinson

Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is to date the only source of two dimensional directional wave spectra with continuous and global coverage when operated in the so-called SAR Wave Mode (SWM). Since the launch in 1991 of the first European Remote Sensing Satellite ERS-1 and more recently with ENVISAT millions of SWM imagettes containing detailed spectral information are now available in quasi-real time. This huge amount of directional wave data has opened up many exciting possibilities for the improvement of our knowledge of the dynamics of ocean waves. However the retrieval of wave spectra from SAR images is not a trivial exercise due to the nonlinearities involved in the mapping mechanism. The Max-Planck Institut (MPI) scheme was the first ever proposed and most widely used algorithm to retrieve directional wave spectra from SAR images. In this work significant wave height retrieved from SAR images using the MPI scheme are compared against one year of directional buoy measurements obtained in deep water and against WAM spectra. Our results show that for periods shorter than 12 seconds the WAM model performs better than the MPI method, even considering the fact that the model is used as first guess to the MPI scheme. However, for periods longer than 12 seconds (the part of the spectrum directly observed by SAR) the MPI method performs better than WAM. This is in contrast with the results obtained by Voorrips et al. (2001), who found that the performance of the WAM model is superior even when only the low wavenumber part of the spectrum is considered.© 2003 ASME


Applied Ocean Research | 2004

Buoy observations of the influence of swell on wind waves in the open ocean

Nelson Violante-Carvalho; Francisco J. Ocampo-Torres; Ian S. Robinson


Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering-transactions of The Asme | 2002

On the Growth of Wind-Generated Waves in a Swell-Dominated Region in the South Atlantic

Nelson Violante-Carvalho; Carlos Eduardo Parente; Ian S. Robinson; Luis Manoel P. Nunes


Journal of Geophysical Research | 2005

Assessment of ERS synthetic aperture radar wave spectra retrieved from the Max-Planck-Institut (MPI) scheme through intercomparisons of 1 year of directional buoy measurements

Nelson Violante-Carvalho; Ian S. Robinson; Johannes Schulz-Stellenfleth

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Ian S. Robinson

National Oceanography Centre

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Carlos Eduardo Parente

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

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Luiz Mariano Carvalho

Rio de Janeiro State University

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Saulo Meirelles

Rio de Janeiro State University

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Henrique Rapizo

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

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Rafael B. Paes-Leme

Rio de Janeiro State University

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Brunno F. Goldstein

Rio de Janeiro State University

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