Norfishah Ab Wahab

Microstrip Rectangular 4x1 Patch Array Antenna at 2.5GHz for WiMax Application

This paper presents the design of microstrip rectangular patch antenna with center frequency at 2.5GHz for WiMAX application. The array of four by one (4x1) patch array microstrip rectangular antenna with microstrip line feeding based on quarter wave impedance matching technique was designed and simulated using Computer Simulation Tool (CST) Microwave Environment software. The performance of the designed antenna was than compared with the single patch rectangle antenna in term of return loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), bandwidth, directivity, radiation pattern and gain. The array antenna was then fabricated on the substrate type FR-4 with dielectric constant of 4.9 and thickness of 1.6mm respectively. The array antenna was measured in the laboratory using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and the results show good agreement with the array antenna simulated performances.

Energy Efficient Lighting System Design for Building

Lighting contributes the highest amount of electricity usage in a building. Generally, lighting will consume from 20% until 50% of the electricity consumption. The efficient and effective use of lighting can offer major energy and cost saving. This research investigates and analyses the energy management in a building and presents the design of energy efficient lighting systems. The first part propose a design of energy efficient lighting which will help users to determine the ideal number of luminaries needed in certain room without reducing the quality of lighting. The design was develop via Matlab. The second part is an audit and cost study to demonstrate the wastefulness of commercial, industrial, residential and community lighting. Based on the study, the design for improvement of current lighting system called Lamp Replacement had been proposed. The major findings in this project are that the energy-efficient lighting design could still be achieved without sacrificing the visual comfort and quality of lighting and replacement of older fixtures with new luminaries can greatly improve efficiency.

Maximizing Network Lifetime with Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

In the research field of Wireless Sensor Networks, how to reduce the energy consumption of WSN so that the lifetime of WSN can be prolonged is one of the hottest spots. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) lifetime is either superficial or impractical, which prevents us from thoroughly understanding the efficiency of these proposed routing protocols. Routing protocols have significant impact on the overall energy consumption of sensor networks. This project present variety of maximizing system lifetime wireless sensor networks with different energy consumption. Energy consumption for three routing protocols had been analyzed which are direct communication, minimum transmission energy and low adaptive energy clustering hierarchy. The energy consumption for Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol give the maximum lifetime compared to the others. Clustering is an energy efficient and scalable way to organize the WSN. The main objective of this research is to maximize the lifetime of the wireless sensor (WSN). Simulation via Matlab shows that by applying energy consumption for LEACH routing protocol had increase the network lifetime by as much as 65.2% compared to DC and MTE.

Synthesis of a single side access ring resonator for higher order bandpass filters

A single-side-access ring resonator topology is presented. It employs a single quarter-wavelength coupled-line that couples to a one-wavelength ring to exhibit a single-mode resonance with transmission zeros. A global synthesis is presented, in order to control the transmission zeros in its response. As the transmission zeros of the ring resonator maintains their positions when multiple identical rings are used, the global synthesis can further be used for the design of higher order fllters with multiple rings. Furthermore, since only one coupled-line is used in the resonator topology, only one section of line is present in the ring, other than the coupled-line. Hence, there will be no second section of the ring that needs to be adjusted to obtain the symmetrical response during its realization, as compared to other types of ring topologies. To show the advantage of the synthesis, it is applied in the design of higher order ring-based bandpass fllters, which also involve extra quarter-wavelength coupled-lines to create additional poles. Five bandpass ring fllters up to 5th-order were realized using microstrip technology, and measured to validate the proposed concept. Measurement results showing good agreement with those from the simulation are also presented throughout the paper.

Performance analysis of BPSK and QPSK using error correcting code through AWGN

This paper highlight the performance analysis of BPSK and QPSK using error correcting code. To calculate the bit error rate, different types of error correcting code were used through an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH), Cyclic code and hamming code were used as the encoder/decoder technique. Basically, the performance was determined in term of bit rate error (BER) and signal energy to noise power density ratio (Eb/No). Both BPSK and QPSK were also being compared in the symbol error capability known as t in which expected that the performance is graded in response to the increasing of value of t. All simulations were done using MATLAB R2007b software. In general BCH codes demonstrate better performance than Hamming code and Cyclic code for both BPSK and QPSK.

Multilayer dual-mode dual-band bandpass filter

This paper presents a single ring resonator using multilayer technique for dual-band bandpass filter. The resonator is composed of two resonators with each one having a quarter-wavelength coupled-line connected in series to a transmission line. The two resonators are arranged in parallel to form a single ring dual-band bandpass filter topology. The controlling impedance parameters of this ring are Zr for the transmission line and even- and odd-mode characteristic impedances i.e. Zoe and Zoo for the coupled-lines. Observations on the controlling parameters are conducted to investigate the effect of each parameters in terms of bandwidth, matching level and the transmission zeros. For validation, the filter is realized using multilayer technique, designed at 2 GHz on FR-4 microstrip substrate. The results exhibited good isolation between the two passbands with centered transmission zero attenuated above 40 dB while the centered frequencies were found at 1.59 GHz in the first passband and 2.41 GHz in the second passband. The simulated and measured result is presented throughout this paper to validate the concept.

Dual-band dual-mode bandpass filter using seriescoupled ring resonators

This paper proposed a dual-band ring filter using two identical microstrip dual-mode ring resonators. The rings are cascaded in series side-by-side via a single quarter wavelength coupled-line forming two transmission poles which are distributed in each passband. Meanwhile, the coupled-line positioned in between the two rings help to create the center transmission zero which can be used to control the rejection level of the in-between isolation. The characteristics of the dual-band filter in terms of bandwidth, passband and out-of-band responses are controlled by the line impedances of the rings and the odd-and even-mode impedances of the coupled-line. Finally, to verify the concept, a prototype of a dual-band dual-mode filter is designed using EM simulator, fabricated on 1.63-mm-thick Tachonic substrate and measured. The resonant frequencies of the two passbands are found at 1.73 GHz and 2.37 GHz while the center transmission zero is found at 2.04 GHz.

Efficient network coverage for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks have a wide range of applications including environmental monitoring, habitat monitoring and disaster recovery. Since sensor nodes are deployed in a large land region, the objective is to achieve complete coverage of the region. It is crucial to develop a sufficient transmission signal between the node in the region or cell to the leader node or in base station. In previous research, network coverage is the main issue in WSN. This study presents an approach for the design of wireless sensor network under the deployment of hexagonal shaped cell with sectorized antenna. The proposed approach should be regarded as part of any feasibility study during the planning stages for the deployment of a wireless sensor network, when decisions about its efficient network coverage and cost are considered. The main objective of this project is to improve the communication coverage in the network. By improving the coverage problem, it will also reduce the number of sensor nodes deployed, hence reducing the cost.

Reconfigurable ring filter with controllable frequency response.

Reconfigurable ring filter based on single-side-access ring topology is presented. Using capacitive tuning elements, the electrical length of the ring can be manipulated to shift the nominal center frequency to a desired position. A synthesis is developed to determine the values of the capacitive elements. To show the advantage of the synthesis, it is applied to the reconfigurable filter design using RF lumped capacitors. The concept is further explored by introducing varactor-diodes to continuously tune the center frequency of the ring filter. For demonstration, two prototypes of reconfigurable ring filters are realized using microstrip technology, simulated, and measured to validate the proposed concept. The reconfigured filter using lumped elements is successfully reconfigured from 2 GHz to 984.4 MHz and miniaturized by 71% compared to the filter directly designed at the same reconfigured frequency, while, for the filter using varactor-diodes, the frequency is chosen from 1.10 GHz to 1.38 GHz spreading over 280 MHz frequency range. Both designs are found to be compact with acceptable insertion loss and high selectivity.Reconfigurable ring filter based on single-side-access ring topology is presented. Using capacitive tuning elements, the electrical length of the ring can be manipulated to shift the nominal center frequency to a desired position. A synthesis is developed to determine the values of the capacitive elements. To show the advantage of the synthesis, it is applied to the reconfigurable filter design using RF lumped capacitors. The concept is further explored by introducing varactor-diodes to continuously tune the center frequency of the ring filter. For demonstration, two prototypes of reconfigurable ring filters are realized using microstrip technology, simulated, and measured to validate the proposed concept. The reconfigured filter using lumped elements is successfully reconfigured from 2 GHz to 984.4 MHz and miniaturized by 71% compared to the filter directly designed at the same reconfigured frequency, while, for the filter using varactor-diodes, the frequency is chosen from 1.10 GHz to 1.38 GHz spreading over 280 MHz frequency range. Both designs are found to be compact with acceptable insertion loss and high selectivity.

SIW Circular Cavity Single Mode Filter With Triangle Probe

Received Mar 3, 2018 Revised Apr 11, 2018 Accepted Apr 21, 2018 Paintball has gained a huge popularity in Malaysia with growing number of tournaments organized nationwide. Currently, Ideal Pro Event, one of the paintball organizer found difficulties to pair a suitable opponent to against one another in a tournament. This is largely due to the manual matchmaking method that only randomly matches one team with another. Consequently, it is crucial to ensure a balanced tournament bracket where eventual winners and losers not facing one another in the very first round. This study proposes an intelligent matchmaking using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and tournament management system for paintball organizers. PSO is a swarm intelligence algorithm that optimizes problems by gradually improving its current solutions, therefore countenancing the tournament bracket to be continually improved until the best is produced. Indirectly, through the development of the system, it is consider as an intelligence business idea since it able to save time and enhance the company productivity. This algorithm has been tested using 3 size of population; 100, 1000 and 10,000. As a result, the speed of convergence is consistent and has not been affected through big population.N. N. S. Abdul Rahman, N.M. Saad, A. R. Abdullah, M. R. M. Hassan, M. S. S. M. Basir, N. S. M. Noor 1,2,4,6Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2,3Center for Robotics and Industrial Automation, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 3,5Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, MalaysiaLight rail transit (LRT), or fast tram is urban public transport using rolling stock similar to a tramway, but operating at a higher capacity, and often on an exclusive right-of-way. Indonesia as one of developing countries has been developed the LRT in two cities of Indonesia, Palembang and Jakarta. There are opinions toward the development of LRT, negative and positive opinions. To reveal the level of LRT development acceptance, this research uses machine learning approach to analyze the data which is gathered through social media. By conducting this paper, the data is modeled and classified in order to analyze the social sentiment towards the LRT development.Mohamad, S., Nasir, F.M., Sunar, M.S., Isa, K., Hanifa, R.M., Shah, S.M., Ribuan, M.N., Ahmad, A. 1,4,6,7,8Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 1,2,3UTM-IRDA Digital Media Centre, Media and Game Innovation Centre of Excellence, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 1,2,3Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 5Centre for Diploma Studies, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 6Research Centre for Applied Electromagnetics, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, MalaysiaReceived Jan 31, 2018 Revised Apr 21, 2018 Accepted Apr 30, 2018 Bluetooth is an emerging mobile ad-hoc network that accredits wireless communication to connect various short range devices. A single hop network called piconet is the basic communication topology of bluetooth which allows only eight active devices for communication among them seven are active slaves controlled by one master. Multiple piconets are interconnected through a common node, known as Relay, to form a massive network called as Scatternet. It is obvious that the performance of Scatternet scheduling is highly dependent and directly proportionate with the performance of the Relay node. In contrary, by reducing the number of Relays, it may lead to poor performance, since every Relay has to perform and support several piconet connections. The primary focus of this study is to observe the performance metrics that affects the inter-piconet scheduling since the Relay node’s role is like switch between multiple piconets. In this paper, we address and analyze the performance issues to be taken into consideration for efficient data flow in Scatternet based on Relay node.