Suzi Seroja Sarnin

Maximizing Network Lifetime with Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

In the research field of Wireless Sensor Networks, how to reduce the energy consumption of WSN so that the lifetime of WSN can be prolonged is one of the hottest spots. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) lifetime is either superficial or impractical, which prevents us from thoroughly understanding the efficiency of these proposed routing protocols. Routing protocols have significant impact on the overall energy consumption of sensor networks. This project present variety of maximizing system lifetime wireless sensor networks with different energy consumption. Energy consumption for three routing protocols had been analyzed which are direct communication, minimum transmission energy and low adaptive energy clustering hierarchy. The energy consumption for Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol give the maximum lifetime compared to the others. Clustering is an energy efficient and scalable way to organize the WSN. The main objective of this research is to maximize the lifetime of the wireless sensor (WSN). Simulation via Matlab shows that by applying energy consumption for LEACH routing protocol had increase the network lifetime by as much as 65.2% compared to DC and MTE.

Evaluation of Stable Cluster Head Election (SCHE) routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) will enable the reliable monitoring of a variety environment for both civil and military applications. Routing protocols have significant impact on the overall energy dissipation of sensor networks. This project present the development of an energy efficient routing protocol which consumes significantly less power compared to existing routing protocol for wireless sensor network. The design was developed based on low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol. Clustering is an energy efficient and scalable way to organize the WSN. The main objective is to minimize the energy dissipation of each sensor node and reduces the energy dissipation for the whole network. Stable cluster head election (SCHE) analyzes the cluster head selection to find the optimal probability of becoming a cluster head. Simulation of Matlab shows that this design reduces communication energy by as much as 95% compared to LEACH, due to stable cluster head election.

Performance analysis of BPSK and QPSK using error correcting code through AWGN

This paper highlight the performance analysis of BPSK and QPSK using error correcting code. To calculate the bit error rate, different types of error correcting code were used through an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH), Cyclic code and hamming code were used as the encoder/decoder technique. Basically, the performance was determined in term of bit rate error (BER) and signal energy to noise power density ratio (Eb/No). Both BPSK and QPSK were also being compared in the symbol error capability known as t in which expected that the performance is graded in response to the increasing of value of t. All simulations were done using MATLAB R2007b software. In general BCH codes demonstrate better performance than Hamming code and Cyclic code for both BPSK and QPSK.

MySQL Database for Storage of Fingerprint Data

This project presents MySQL database for storage of fingerprint data. The application of the database is for future process, fingerprint matching. In this project, Matlab R2009 is the software used for fingerprint image enhancement and minutia extraction. MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. XAMPP Control Panel V2.5 software is also used for free and open source cross-platform web server package, consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP Server, MySQL database, and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and Perl programming languages. It is found that this project shows an efficient and practical data storage of fingerprint.

Modelling of all-optical symmetric Mach-Zehnder switch with asymmetric coupler

Ultra high-speed optical network is developing rapidly as growing capacity demand in telecommunication system is increasing. In these networks, it is desired to carry out switching, routing and processing in optical domain to avoid bottlenecks of optoelectronic conversions. Optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) technique is one option to implement all optical networks. It provides a single data stream at a very high rate (>100 Gbits/s) using a single wavelength. These networks will be based on optical packet switching. The success of these networks depends on how well switching and routing are being done at this very high speed. An all optical switch based on symmetric Mach-Zehnder (SMZ) with asymmetric coupler (60:40) is proposed. Its characteristics and switching window profiles will be investigated. The results show that symmetric Mach-Zehnder (SMZ) with asymmetric coupler gives a better contrast ratio rather than symmetric Mach-Zehnder (SMZ) with normal 50:50 coupler.

Reduction of ISI using different equalization of adaptive algorithm for mobile WiMAX communication system

Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is one of the modulation technique designed to have high speed data rate transmission in wireless communication system. Inter symbol interference (ISI) is a main cause that can reduce efficiency of the system due to multipath propagation. Different equalization of adaptive algorithm technique had been proposed in this research in order to reduce ISI in OFDMA system. This research also proved the combination of space time frequency block code (STFBC) with multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna enable to overcome ISI by using IEEE 802.16 simulation parameter. The simulation results show the improvement of bit error rate (BER) performance after reducing ISI and also prove that STFBC was able to achieve maximum diversity order in the MIMO OFDMA system.

Wireless fire detection monitoring system for fire and rescue application

The purpose of the Fire and Rescue Service is to protect human life, our property, and Earth natural resources from fire and other emergencies. With fluctuation in demands, the Fire and Rescue Service must equip with the best techniques, training regime and equipment to meet public expectations. Mitigation, preparedness and risk management have taken on new benefit with challenges facing the fire service today. Fast response cannot be achieved without good planning and preparedness. As a result, a monitoring system of alarm for fire detection using Arduino microcontroller was design. The circuit are includes with a buzzer, smoke sensor and a camera. All the data taken from smoke sensor and camera will be send to data monitoring system and be display on monitoring system wirelessly.

Coverage and quality radio analysis for single radio access network technology in GSM

Single Radio Access Network (RAN) is the Radio equipment which consists of Base Band Unit (BBU) as a main processer, Remote Radio Unit (RRU) and antenna for enabling Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) in the same platform. In the past of 5 years, operators in Malaysia using separate radio equipment for different technologies. This caused big impact on the Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operational Expenditure (OPEX) to the operators to manage and maintain their network. By having single RAN, operators automatically reduce their CAPEX and OPEX for every year to manage and maintain the radio equipment. The performance of the single RAN was studied in terms of coverage and quality compared to conventional radio. The specific tools which is called Nemo Outdoor is used to measure the coverage, quality and throughput via drive test. Important parameter and data captured are being process using Nemo Analyze and MapInfo Professional. It is proven that single RAN not only helps reducing investment but it is also improve network for coverage and quality compare with conventional radio.

Design a microstrip hairpin band-pass filter for 5GHZ unlicensed WiMAX

In this paper, a design of a microstrip hairpin bandpass filter with center frequency of 5.78 GHz is proposed. The filter is designed to operate within 10% operating bandwidth. CST software is fully utilized to simulate the response of hairpin bandpass filter. It will demonstrate the third order of the Tschebyshev elements. The specified pass band insertion loss must not exceed 3dB while the pass band return loss was to be more than 10dB. The filter was fabricated on RT/Duroid 5870 having a relative permittivity of 2.33, and substrate thickness 0.508mm respectively. The filter characteristics were then measured using Wiltron 562 vector network analyzer. The simulation results show a good agreement.

Performance evaluation of phase shift keying modulation technique using BCH code, Cyclic code and Hamming code through AWGN channel model in communication system

This paper presents the performance evaluation of phase shift keying technique modulation such as BPSK and QPSK using error correcting code. Three error correcting codes types; Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code, Cyclic code and Hamming code were used as the encoder/decoder technique to calculate the bit error rate through an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. Basically, the performance was determined in term of bit rate error (BER) and signal energy to noise power density ratio (Eb/No). Both BPSK and QPSK were also being compared in the symbol error capability known as t in which expected that the performance is graded in response to the increasing of value of t. All simulations were done using MATLAB R2007b software. In general BCH codes demonstrate best performance than Hamming code and Cyclic code for both BPSK and QPSK.