Norlisa Harruddin

Selective removal and recovery of Black B reactive dye from simulated textile wastewater using the supported liquid membrane process

Effluent containing colour/dyes, especially reactive dyes, becomes a great concern of wastewater treatment because it is toxic to human life and aquatic life. In this study, reactive dye of Black B was separated using the supported liquid membrane process. Commercial polypropylene membrane was used as a support of the kerosene–tridodecylamine liquid membrane. Several parameters were tested and the result showed that almost 100% of 70 ppm Black B was removed and 99% of 70 ppm Black B was recovered at pH 2 of the feed phase containing 0.00001 M Na2SiO3, flow rate of 150 ml/min and 0.2 M NaOH. The membrane support also remained stable for up to 36 hours under an optimum condition.

Recovery of kraft lignin from pulping wastewater via emulsion liquid membrane process

Kraft lignin (KL) is a renewable source of many valuable intermediate biochemical products currently derived from petroleum. An excessive of lignin comes from pulping wastewater caused an adverse pollution problems hence affecting human and aquatic life. A comprehensive study pertaining to emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) extraction of lignin from pulping wastewater was presented. ELM formulation contains Aliquat 336 as carrier, kerosene as diluent, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) as stripping agent and Span 80 as surfactant. The emulsion stability was investigated at different surfactant concentrations, homogenizer speed and emulsification time. Modifier (2‐ethyl‐1‐hexanol) was added to avoid segregation of third phase while improving the emulsion stability. At optimum conditions, 95% and 56% of lignin were extracted and recovered, respectively at 10 min of extraction time, 0.007 M of Aliquat 336, 0.1 M of NaHCO3 and 1:5 of treat ratio. Additional of modifier was contributed to highest recovery up to 98%. The ELM process was found to be equally feasible and quite effective in the recovery of KL from real pulping wastewater. Therefore, ELM process provides a promising alternative technology to recover KL from pulping wastewater while solving the environmental problems simultaneously.

Removal of Reactive Dye by Flat Sheet-Supported Liquid Membrane Using Tridodecylamine as a Carrier

The discharging of reactive dye-containing wastewater from the textile industry causes environmental destruction and serious health problems. The application of supported liquid membrane (SLM) as a water treatment process has gained strong attention today. In this study, SLM process was used to remove and recover reactive dye from wastewater. Reactive dye, Red 3BS, was removed and recovered through SLM assisted by tridodecylamine (TDA) as a carrier and sodium hydroxide as a stripping agent. The parameters governing the transportation of Red 3BS such as pH of feed phase, concentration of strip phase, and concentration of feed phase were investigated. The results show that almost 100 % and 60 % of 50 ppm Red 3BS was selectively removed and recovered, respectively, using 0.1 M TDA and 0.1 M NaOH at pH 3 of the feed phase.