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Effect of platelet-rich plasma on fibrocartilage, cartilage, and bone repair in temporomandibular joint.

PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to explore the potential use of platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) in the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Surgical defects were created bilaterally on the condylar fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, and bone to induce an osteoarthritic TMJ in rabbits. PRP was applied to the right joints of the rabbits (PRP group), and the left joints received physiologic saline (control group). After 4 weeks, the rabbits were sacrificed for histologic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examinations. The data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS The new bone regeneration was significantly greater in the PRP group (P < .011). Although the regeneration of the fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage was greater in the PRP group, no statistically significant difference was found between the 2 groups. SEM showed better ultrastructural architecture of the collagen fibrils in the PRP group. CONCLUSIONS PRP might enhance the regeneration of bone in TMJ-OA.

Anterior Mandibular Zone Safe for Implants

AbstractDuring implantology procedures, one of the most serious complications is damage of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). The mandibular incisive nerve is described as a terminal branch of the IAN and provides innervation to the lower anterior teeth and canines. The incisive nerve and canal are located in the interforaminal area. Although numerous studies report IAN damage during implant placement, few reports in the literature describes sensory disturbances, such as neuropathic pain, related to mandibular incisive nerve damage.The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the risk of neuropathic pain caused by implant placement in the interforaminal region of the mandible.Panaromic radiographs of patients who were treated with dental implants in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry at Erciyes University, between 2007 and 2012, were examined. Fifty-five patients with suspected relationship between mandibular incisive canal and dental implant were included into this study. Computed tomography scans were obtained from 10 patients who have postoperative neuropathic pain. Relationship between dental implant and mandibular incisive nerve was evaluated using a three-dimensional software program. Mandibular incisive nerve perforation by at least 1 implant was observed in all 10 patients. Descriptive analyses were also provided.Neuropathic pain may occur after implant placement in the interforaminal region due to the perforation of the incisive canal and nerve. According to the results of this retrospective study, the incisive canal and nerve perforation should be considered as a complication of implant surgery in the mandibular anterior area.

Comparison of Bovine Bone-Autogenic Bone Mixture Versus Platelet-Rich Fibrin for Maxillary Sinus Grafting: Histologic and Histomorphologic Study

&NA; Numerous grafting materials have been used to augment the maxillary sinus floor for long‐term stability and success for implant‐supported prosthesis. To enhance bone formation, adjunctive blood‐born growth factor sources have gained popularity during the recent years. The present study compared the use of platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) and bovine‐autogenous bone mixture for maxillary sinus floor elevation. A split‐face model was used to apply 2 different filling materials for maxillary sinus floor elevation in 22 healthy adult sheep. In group 1, bovine and autogenous bone mixture; and in group 2, PRF was used. The animals were killed at 3, 6, and 9 months. Histologic and histomorphologic examinations revealed new bone formation in group 1 at the third and sixth months. In group 2, new bone formation was observed only at the sixth month, and residual PRF remnants were identified. At the ninth month, host bone and new bone could not be distinguished from each other in group 1, and bone formation was found to be proceeding in group 2. PRF remnants still existed at the ninth month. In conclusion, bovine bone and autogenous bone mixture is superior to PRF as a grafting material in sinus‐lifting procedures.

Comparison of the analgesic effects of pulse radiofrequency and cryoablation in rabbits with mental nerve neuropathic pain

Purpose: After mental nerve injury, several sensory disorders may occur. The alterations in sensation may differ from mild paresthesia to complete anesthesia, or neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain is a difficult clinical condition to manage. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effects of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) and cryoablation in an experimental mental nerve neuropathic pain model in rabbits. Materials and Methods: Fifteen rabbits were divided into three groups. One-third to one-half of the mental nerve was ligated with 4-0 silk sutures. In Group 1, a nonconducting PRF electrode was placed on the mental nerve for 6 min, whereas the mental nerve was exposed to PRF in Group 2. In Group 3, the cryoablation was processed. The responses to thermal and mechanical stimuli were measured at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks. Results: There were no statistically significant differences among the groups for thermal withdrawal latency to heat stimulation in any weeks (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference was found between the groups (P < 0.05) in the 3rd and 4th weeks for mechanical withdrawal latency values. Conclusions: Both PRF and cryoablation therapies are successful in the treatment of experimentally induced mental nerve neuropathic pain in rabbits.

Dental health dispositions of pregnant women: A survey from a hospital clinic in Istanbul

Abstract Dental hygienic habits should be maintained in pregnancy despite challenges. We aimed to study the dental attitudes and habits of pregnant women. The patients attending our hospital clinic were invited to fill out a structured questionnaire categorised into three major domains: (1) general oral hygiene status, (2) dental habits, and (3) dental attandence both during pregnancy and prior to pregnancy. Four hundred and seventy four women agreed to participate. Mean age of participants was 28 (18–43). While 184 (38%) women reported brushing twice a day, only 98 (20%) women claimed using floss and or mouth rinse. Fifty-nine (12.4%) women had a dental visit in their current pregnancy and 24 (5.1%) received professional treatment. Obstetric care givers should convey the importance of dental care to their patients. We suggest that dental health should be improved antenatally, and be assessed in detail by dental health care providers. Impact Statement Poor oral health conditions have shown to be associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially in low-income countries and regions. There is escalating evidence to support the lack of awareness among pregnant women about health consequences and long term risks associated with poor oral hygiene. Our results showed that dental hygienic practices of pregnant women are disconcerting in Turkey. The need for inter-professional collaboration among obstetric healthcare providers and dental specialistis is crucial for conveying to women the importance of dental care in pregnancy and beyond.