Nunuk Suryani

The Existence of Leadership Ascetism Value in the Babad Banyumas Wirjaatmadjan in Indonesia

 This research described the leadership ascetism value in the Babad Banyumas Wirjaatmadjan and its existence on leadership in the Banyumas in particular and in Indonesia in general nowadays. Babad Banyumas Wirjaatmadjan was one of the manuscripts of Banyumas society. Babad Banyumas Wirjaatmadjan contained the context of life values which reflected in the ancestors’ story of Banyumas society. One of the values that could not be removed was the leadership value. The leadership in Babad Banyumas Wirjaatmadjan showed that there was a similarity of leadership style in several figures of Banyumas society. In several figures of Banyumas society, it was told that the leaders of Banyumas did asceticism to get certain purposes. This was surely contradictory with the asceticism value which basically removed mundane things. However, in the text of Babad Banyumas, it showed that asceticism was done by the former leaders of Banyumas society. The results of this research found that the leaders of Banyumas did asceticism to keep the power. Even, asceticism was done to keep the grandchildren’s future in order to get the power. In this global era, the asceticism value of leadership in Babad Banyumas got many challenges. It could not be separated from the loss of asceticism and leadership value in the young generation of Banyumas society. Keywords Babad Banyumas Wirjaatmadjan; Leadership; Asceticism; Mesopotamia; Hermeneutic

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MATERNAL EDUCATION, FAMILY INCOME, AND INFANT DEVELOPMENT, IN COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER PENELEH, SURABAYA

BACKGROUND: Child development is an important parameter of child health. Child development is influenced by several factors including prenatal condition, culture, family socioeconomic status, nutrition, climate or weather, exercise, child position in the family, intelligence, and hormonal influence. Somatotrophic hormone and thyroid hormone stimulate body metabolism. Parental factors such as parental emotion, education, and experience, may also affect child development. This study aimed to estimate the association between maternal education, family income, and infant development. SUBJECT AND METHODS: This study was a cross sectional study conducted in Surabaya, East Java. A sample of 215 children aged 24 to 36 months from Setro hamlet, Tambaksari sub-district, Surabaya, East Java. The independent variables were family income and maternal education. These variables were measured by a questionnaire. The dependent variable was child development. This variable was measured by Pre Screening of Development Questionnaire (Kuesioner Pre Skrining Perkembangan, KPSP), which was developed by the Ministry of Health. The data was analyzed by a multiple linear regression. RESULTS: There were positive relationships between family income (b=1.14; 95% CI=0.37 to 1.92, p=0.005), maternal education (b=1.58; 95%CI=0.58 to 2.58; p=0.002) and child development. Children aged 2 to 3 years old with family income >Rp 2.000.000 per month had better child development than those with lower income. Children aged 2 to 3 years old with high school or higher maternal education had better child development than those with lower education. CONCLUSION: Higher maternal education and higher family income have positive impact on child development. Keywords: maternal education, family income, child development