Nursel Gül

Juvenile colloid milium associated with conjunctival and gingival involvement

Juvenile colloid milium is an uncommon cutaneous disease characterized by translucent papules distributed on sun-exposed areas with early onset. Association of juvenile colloid milium with conjunctival and gingival deposits is uncommon and interesting. We report a case of juvenile colloid milium associated with conjunctival and gingivai deposits of an amyloid-like homogeneous eosinophilic material. It seems that all 3 of these in our patient may be different expressions of the same pathologic disease.

An ultrastructural study, effects of Proteus vulgaris OX19 on the rabbit spleen cells.

Effects of Proteus vulgaris OX19 on the spleen cells of rabbits were investigated. Control group (n=5) and Proteus treated group (n=5) of New Zealand male rabbits were used in this study. Bacteria were injected to the rabbits in five days periods with increasing dosages for one month. Thin sections were examined by transmission electron microscope (Jeol 100CXII). Ultrastructural changes were defined in spleen tissue cells due to the antigenic stimulation of bacteria. Spleen cells observed in control group were in normal structure and cells were in close contact with each other. However, spleen cells of Proteus treated group displayed structural changes with regard to the control group in electron microscopic examinations. Chemotaxis of macrophages, forming of pseudopodia and presence of phagocytic vacuoles were observed. Lymphocytes, the major cells of spleen revealed mitotic activity. In addition, chromatin condensation in nucleus and dilatations in perinuclear space were significant. Interactions of lymphocytes and macrophages were noteworthy.

Evaluation of Patulin Toxicity in the Thymus of Growing Male Rats

Evaluation of Patulin Toxicity in the Thymus of Growing Male Rats Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by several Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssachlamys species growing on food products. In this study, we investigated the effects of patulin on the thymus of growing male rats aged five to six weeks. The rats were receiving it orally at a dose of 0.1 mg kg-1 bw a day for either 60 or 90 days. At the end of the experiment, the thymus was examined for histopathology by light microscopy and for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) by immunolocalisation. For morphometry we used the Bs200prop program to analyse images obtained with the Olympus BX51 light microscope. Cell ultrastructure was studied by electron microscopy. In rats treated with patulin, the thymus showed haemorrhage, plasma cell hyperplasia, a dilation and fibrosis in the cortex, enlarged interstitial tissue between the thymic lobules, enlarged fat tissue, thinning of the cortex, and blurring of the cortico-medullary demarcation. Electron microscopy showed signs of cell destruction, abnormalities of the nucleus and organelles, and loss of mitochondrial cristae. However, no differences were observed in thymus EGF and EGFR immunoreactivity between treated and control rats. Toksični učinci patulina na timus mužjaka štakora u razvoju Patulin je mikotoksin koji proizvode plijesni sojeva Penicillium, Aspergillus i Byssachlamys na različitim prehrambenim proizvodima kao podlozi. Učinke patulina istražili smo na timusu mužjaka štakora u razvoju (dobi 5 do 6 tjedana). Mikotoksin je životinjama davan per os u dnevnoj dozi 0,1 mg kg-1 tj. t. 60 odnosno 90 dana. Na kraju pokusa štakori su žrtvovani, timus je podvrgnut histološkim analizama s pomoću svjetlosne mikroskopije, a imunocitokemijskim je metodama istražena stanična lokalizacija epidermalnog faktora rasta (EGF) i njegova receptora (EGFR). Morfometrijska analiza provedena jes pomoću računalnog programa Bs200prop povezanog u sustav sa svjetlosnim mikroskopom Olympus BX51. Elektronskomikroskopski je istražena ultrastruktura stanica timusa. Utvrđeno je da patulin izaziva krvaranja u timusu, hiperplaziju plazma-stanica, dilataciju i fibrozu u kortikalnoj regiji timusa, širenje intersticijskog tkiva između režnjeva timusa, povećanje masnih stanica, smanjenje debljine kore timusa te nestanak kortiko-medularne demarkacije. Elektronskomikroskopski u tkivu timusa štakora tretiranih patulinom uočeni su znakovi raspadanja stanica, abnormalnosti jezgre i organela te gubitak mitohondrijskih krista. Unatoč navedenomu, na presjecima tkiva kontrolnih štakora i štakora tretiranih patulinom nismo utvrdili razlike u imunoreaktivnosti EGF i EGFR, što bi trebalo dodatno istražiti osjetljivijim molekularnim metodama.

Effects of chronic alcohol consumption on myocardial ischemia in rats

The effects of chronic alcohol consumption on myocardial ischemia and gas perfusion with 95% O(2)-5% CO(2) were investigated in isolated rat heart. Eighteen adult male Wistar rats were used. Rats were assigned into six groups for each group to contain three rats: normal, alcoholic, normal ischemic, alcoholic ischemic, normal ischemic and 95% O(2)-5% CO(2) perfused, alcoholic ischemic and 95% O(2)-5% CO(2) perfused, respectively. Alcohol (7.2%, v/v) was given to rats by a modified liquid diet for 21 days. Rats were anaesthetized with ketamine (1-2mg kg(-1)). Hearts were quickly isolated. Normal and alcoholic rat hearts were directly sent to the electron microscopic preparation. The other hearts were cut into small pieces and put into Krebs solution. The solution was continuously bubbled using 95% N(2)-5% CO(2) 20 min for ischemia. After removal of normal ischemic and alcoholic ischemic heart specimens for electron microscopic examination, the remaining hearts of the last two groups were bubbled with 95% O(2)-5% CO(2) for another 20 min for the purpose of reperfusion and then were also prepared for electron microscopic examination. The hearts were investigated with a transmission electron microscope (Jeol 100 CXII TEM). Twenty-one days of chronic alcohol consumption was found to have no significant effect on myocardial ischemia determined by transmission electron microscopic examination. Our results suggest that there is no significant relationship between 21 days of alcohol consumption by a liquid diet and myocardial protection.

Ultrastructural description of the corpora allata of Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

The corpora allata, are endocrine glands which produced juvenile hormone. In this study, corpora allata of adult females of Pimpla turionellae were examined ultrastructurally by using the transmission electron microscopy. The gland is surrounded with thick fibrous capsule that penetrates into the gland as a stromatal ramification. The ultrastructure of gland cells had the same characteristic of proteinsecreting cells. These cells had oval shaped nuclei, numerous granules, lysosomes, mitochondria and vacuoles. There are granules of electron-dense, electron-modarate and electron-lucent. These granules are actually membrane-limited secretory vesicles which are filled with the proteinaceous hormone produced by the gland cells. Microtubules and mitochondria were observed in the cytoplasm of axons of neurosecretory cells found among the gland cells. Key words : Hymenoptera, Pimpla turionellae, corpora allata, ultrastructure, transmission electron microscopy.

Comparison of the effects of difenacoum and brodifacoum on the ultrastructure of rat liver cells.

Abstract We used transmission electron microscopy to examine the cytotoxic effects of the second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides difenacoum and brodifacoum on rat liver. A single dose of difenacoum or brodifacoum was administered to rats by gastric gavage and liver samples were taken after 24 h, four days or seven days. In the livers of rats treated with difenacoum for 24 h, hepatocytes typically showed increased numbers of lysosomes, as well as enlargement of both the perinuclear space and the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), while sinusoids were irregularly shaped and contained Kupffer cells. Similar irregularities occurred in brodifacoum-treated rats at the same time point, but additionally increased numbers of vacuoles, damaged mitochondrial cristae, and clumping of chromatin were observed in hepatocytes, and hemolysed erythrocytes were noted in the sinusoids. Comparable findings were made in each group of rats after four days. After seven days of difenacoum treatment, hepatocytes suffered loss of cytoplasmic material and mitochondrial shrinkage, while RER cisternae became discontinuous. In contrast, exposure to brodifacoum for seven days caused the formation of numerous vacuoles and lipid droplets, disordered mitochondrial morphology, chromatin clumping and invagination of the nuclear envelope in hepatocytes. Sinusoids in the livers of rodenticide-treated rats contained an accumulation of dense material, lipid droplets, cells with pycnotic nuclei and hemolysed erythrocytes. Overall, our results show that brodifacoum causes more severe effects in liver cells than difenacoum. Thus our microscopic data along with additional biochemical assays point to a severe effect of rodenticide on vertebrates.