Nyoto Santoso

Tropical plant diversity of Borneo: The role of high conservation value area on species conservation in an oil palm plantation

The expansion of oil palm plantations is considered a threat to biodiversity, including Indonesia as a tropical biodiversity hotspot in Asia. High conservation value areas are reserve areas inside oil palm plantation plantations that have an important role in biodiversity conservation in a plantation landscape, but our understanding regarding their diversity changes due to land use conversion for plantation establishment is still limited. We addressed this issue by examining the diversity of vegetation at four large-scale plantations. The species number, richness, evenness, and composition of secondary forest and shrubs were compared to the reserve forests (high conservation value area (HCV) and high carbon stock area (HCS) as conserve areas of the oil palm plantations. The results revealed that HCV proved to have a larger role in maintaining the number and diversity of species compared to HCS areas, secondary ares, and shrubs. The HCV are stands out as the area with the highest species number, while the diversity and evenness indices for the species revealed variations. Most of the species found in HCV areas were beneficial species and belong to species with a high conservation status. Our findings suggest that forested areas, especially HCV area, are essential in conserving plant biodiversity in oil palm plantation landscapes.The expansion of oil palm plantations is considered a threat to biodiversity, including Indonesia as a tropical biodiversity hotspot in Asia. High conservation value areas are reserve areas inside oil palm plantation plantations that have an important role in biodiversity conservation in a plantation landscape, but our understanding regarding their diversity changes due to land use conversion for plantation establishment is still limited. We addressed this issue by examining the diversity of vegetation at four large-scale plantations. The species number, richness, evenness, and composition of secondary forest and shrubs were compared to the reserve forests (high conservation value area (HCV) and high carbon stock area (HCS) as conserve areas of the oil palm plantations. The results revealed that HCV proved to have a larger role in maintaining the number and diversity of species compared to HCS areas, secondary ares, and shrubs. The HCV are stands out as the area with the highest species number, while the ...

Hambatan Implementasi Kebijakan Hutan Tanaman Rakyat Di Batu Ampar, Propinsi Kalimantan Barat

Mangrove utilization as raw material for charcoal by the people ofBatu Ampar was classified as illegal action, since the raw materials were taken from protected forests. Conversely, the existence of production forest and Community-based Plantation Forest (HTR) schemes have not become a solution to these problems. The aim of the research is to determine the history of utilization permit of mangrove forests as a source of raw material for charcoal by community and to analyze the constraints of the HTR policy implementation in Batu Ampar. This research was using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results showed that the efforts to legalize business by community had been undertaken several times, but often collide with policies related to the dynamics of change in the status and functions offorest area in Kubu Raya District. Barriers to implementation ofthe HTR were: (1) mangrove forest which have potential for mangrove utilization as charcoals raw material was still constrained with its status and function as Protection Forest; (2) lack ofcommunity knowledge on the regulations; (3) low quality human resources and the absence ofstrict sanctions; and (4) most ofthe tasks and functions ofgovernment agencies have not been implemented.

PELESTARIAN VEGETASI LOKAL DALAM RANGKA PENGEMBANGAN TATA RUANG KEPULAUAN SERIBU (Conservation of Local Vegetation in the Space Development of Kepulauan Seribu)

Condition of vegetation land in Kepulaun Seribu is very needed as a life supporting system, particularly water balance and freshwater resource for local community. Beside that, it is very important for habitat of wildlife and water biota. Conservation and management of vegetation land or green space reserve in Kepulauan Seribu is not denied by decision maker.