Oktay Erdoğan

Seed transmission of verticillium wilt of cotton

Twenty-nine cotton genotypes with varying levels of susceptibility to Verticillium dahliae were grown in infested plots at Nazilli, Aydın, in 2008–2009. The highest level of disease incidence was recorded in cultivars ‘BA-151’, ‘Celia’, ‘Çukurova-1518’, ‘Flaş’ and ‘Maraş 92’, and averaged 85–95% for all genotypes in both years. The incidence of V. dahliae in seed averaged 29.8% for cv. Çukurova-1518, 27.6% for Flaş, 24.6% for cv. BA-151, 19.0% for cv. Celia and 16.2% for Maraş 92. Two hundred seeds from each genotype were planted, two seeds per pot, in a steam-pasteurized mixture of soil, peat, and sand. Pots were placed close to each other on a greenhouse bench to obtain a thick canopy. Typical disease symptoms appeared about 12–13xa0weeks after sowing. Maximum disease incidence values averaged 3.3% for Celia, 4.5% for Maraş 92, 8% for BA-151, 9% for Flaş and 9.5% for Çukurova-1518.

Molecular diversity and identification of alleles for Verticillium wilt resistance in elite cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm

Cotton is an important crop in the textile, food and pharmaceutical industries. In the present study, a panel of 108 elite cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lines was genotyped with 177 genome-wide SSR markers to assess genetic diversity, linkage disequilibrium, population structure and association analyses. A total of 967 loci were assayed and the lines fell into four main groups with a mean genetic distance of 39%. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay rate was estimated to be 20–30xa0cm (r2xa0≤xa00.5). Association analyses were performed with both general linear model and mixed linear model methods to identify SSR marker loci linked to Verticillium wilt resistance. Verticillium wilt is a fungal disease that causes huge yield losses in cotton production throughout the world. A total of 26 marker loci distributed on 14 chromosomes were associated with resistance at pxa0≤xa00.05. Eight of the 26 associated marker loci were highly significant (pxa0<xa00.01). The phenotypic variation explained (r2) by individual markers ranged from 3.2% to 8.2%. Three of the 26 marker loci (JESPR153, JESPR274 and CIR218) were consistent with previous studies. Our results should be useful in improving Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton breeding lines.

Evaluation of Energy Balance in Organic Olive (Olea Europaea L.) Production in Turkey

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the energy balance of organic olive production in Aydın-Karpuzlu Region in Turkey in 2015. In order to evaluate the energy input-output of organic olive, data has been provided by Aydın-Karpuzlu Organic Olive Producers Association. The agricultural input energies and output energies used in organic olive production have been calculated to evaluation the energy inputs and energy output. According to the research findings, the energy inputs in organic olive production have been calculated respectively as 19,426.95u2009MJ ha−1 (50.31%) diesel fuel energy, 12,960u2009MJ ha−1 (33.56%) machinery energy, polyethylene trap energy 3520u2009MJ ha−1 (9.12%), 2116.80u2009MJ ha−1 (5.48%) human labour energy, 276.48u2009MJ ha−1 (0.72%) electricity energy, 231.60u2009MJ ha−1 (0.60%) organic chemical energy and 81.87u2009MJ ha−1 (0.21%) transportation energy. Total input energy has been calculated as 38,613.70u2009MJ ha−1. Total output energy have been calculated as 104,888.78u2009MJ ha−1. The energy output/input ratio, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy calculations have been calculated respectively as 2.72, 4.34u2009MJ kg−1, 0.23u2009kg MJ−1 and 66,275.08u2009MJ ha−1 in organic olive production.

Searching for resistance sources to Verticillium wilt of cotton in seedlings from Gossypium spp.

Verticillium dahliae is a major wilt pathogen impacting cotton production in Turkey. Isolates of V. dahliae can be characterized as defoliating (D) or nondefoliating (ND) pathotypes based on symptom expression in cotton. Currently there are no fungicides identified that can manage this pathogen. Host resistance is the most economical and environmentally friendly means to manage this disease. Cotton genotypes, comprising the main cultivars and some breeding lines available in Turkey, were evaluated under controlled conditions for resistance to verticillium wilt. To establish adequate conditions for resistance expression, experiments examining isolate pathogenicity and the most appropriate inoculum concentration were carried out first. Based on the obtained data, 10 cultivars were then inoculated with D and ND pathotypes by the “pot immersion” method at 106 conidia/mL inoculum concentration and the plants were evaluated considering both internal and external disease symptoms. Plants were scored on a 0 to 4 scale for above-ground symptoms (0u2009=u2009healthy; 4u2009=u2009dead plant) ca. two weeks after inoculation. Significant differences in resistance level were observed among the genotypes (pu2009<u20090.05). The cultivar Maydos Yerlisi had the lowest level of wilt, with a mean rating of 1.0. The cultivar Nazilli NDT-15 had the strongest wilt, with a mean rating of 3.3. These results suggest that ‘Maydos Yerlisi’ can be used in cotton breeding programs to develop resistant varieties to V. dahliae.

Studies of Energy Use Efficiency on Fruit Production

Studies related to energy use efficiency in Turkey and the World is one of the most important indicators for determining energy efficiency in agricultural production. In this study, previous studies related to the energy use efficiency of agricultural production in fruit areas in Turkey and the world have been included. Studies related to fruit production have been assorted and then the calculations of the indicators of energy input, energy output, energy use efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy and net energy, used to determine energy use efficiency in production areas, have been placed into tables. According to the study results, among energy inputs in fruit production chemical fertilizer consumption and fuel consumption are the most commonly used inputs. Summarized and tabulated as such, these indicators will serve as axa0collective resource for comparison and assessment purposes during studies to be conducted on energy use efficiency in fruit production.

Erratum to: Studies of Energy Use Efficiency on Fruit Production

Erratum to:Erwerbs-Obstbau 2018https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-018-0392-8n Unfortunately, Tables 1 and 2 of this article contain errors.

Evaluation of Pest Management Practices of Almond Growers in Adıyaman Province

Bu calismanin amaci, 2016 yilinda Adiyaman ilindeki badem ureticilerinin zirai mucadele uygulamalarinda karsilastigi sorunlari belirlemektir. Bu amacla, basit tesadufi ornekleme yontemine gore Kahta, Besni, Golbasi ve Merkez ilcelerinde, her ilcede tesadufi olarak secilen 6 koy olmak uzere toplam 24 koyde, 96 ureticiden anket yontemi ile bilgiler temin edilmis ve sonuclar yuzde oran olarak degerlendirilmistir. Badem ureticilerinin, egitim seviyesinin yuksek, pek cogunun tarim disi gelire sahip oldugu ve gelir miktarinin aclik siniri seviyesinin uzerinde oldugu saptanmistir. Badem ureticileri pestisit secimi ve pestisit dozunu belirlemede ilac bayilerinden ve Tarim Il Mudurlugunden tavsiye almakta, marka ve etkili maddenin pestisit seciminde onemli faktorler oldugu, ayni hastalik ve zararliya karsi surekli ayni pestisiti kullanmadiklari, hastalik ve zararliyi gormeden ilaclama yaptiklari, ilaclamada onerilen dozu uyguladiklari, kullandiklari pestisitlerin urunde kalinti biraktigi, ilaclama ile hasat arasindaki bekleme suresine dikkat ettikleri, ilaclama sirasinda koruyucu elbise ve maske kullandiklari, bos pestisit kutularini tarla veya yol kenarina atmadiklari, ilaclama aletini temizledikleri, ancak ilaclama aletini kalibrasyon yapmadan kullandiklari, pestisitleri karisim halinde uyguladiklari, kimyasal mucadele disinda kulturel mucadeleyi tercih ettikleri ve biyopestisit kavramini bilmedikleri belirlenmistir.

Nevşehir ilinde patates üreticilerinin bitki koruma uygulamaları

Bu calisma, Nevsehir ilinde patates ureticilerinin tarimsal mucadelede bitki koruma uygulamalarini belirlemek amaciyla ele alinmistir. Bu amacla, 2016 yilinda oransal ornekleme yontemine gore Merkez, Derinkuyu ve Urgup ilcelerinde, her ilceden tesadufi olarak secilen 9 koy olmak uzere toplam 27 koyde, 189 uretici ile 20 sorudan olusan anket calismasi yapilmistir. Arastirma sonucunda, ureticilerin egitim seviyesinin dusuk oldugu, pek cogunun tarim disi gelire sahip olmadigi ve gelir miktarinin aclik siniri seviyesinde oldugu belirlenmistir. Ureticiler, pestisit secimi ve pestisit dozunu belirlemede ilac bayilerinden destek aldiklarini, fiyatin pestisit seciminde onemli bir faktor oldugunu, hastalik ve zararlilari gormeden ilaclama yaptiklarini, onerilen dozun uzerinde uygulama yaptiklarini, pestisitlerin urunde kalinti birakmadigini, bekleme suresine dikkat ettiklerini, ilaclama esnasinda koruyucu elbise ve maske kullanmadiklarini, pestisitleri karisim halinde kullandiklarini, bos ilac kutularini yaktiklarini ve topraga gomduklerini, ilaclama sonrasinda ilaclama tankini temizlediklerini, kimyasal mucadele disinda kulturel mucadeleyi tercih ettiklerini ve biyopestisit terimini bilmediklerini ifade etmislerdir.