Orville T. Bailey

Small vascular malformations of the brain: their relationship to unexpected death, hydrocephalus and mental deficiency.

The range of clinical phenomena associated with very small vascular malformations is presented in it of case studies. These include subarachnoid hemorrhage, focal seizures, intraventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, and mental deficiency. In some instances, the vascular malformations are a part of an area of tissue dysgenesis, involving neural parenchyma as well as vasculature. The small malformations resulting in subarachnoid and intraventricular hemorrhage are usually single lesions and those causing obstructive hydrocephalus may be. Multiple small vascular anomalies are found in some patients with mental deficiency hut are regarded as one part, of a more complex process. Enlargement of the vascular tree in large areas of the brain without focal malformation is a common finding in patients with mental deficiency. These do not indicate increased vascular supply to the neural parenchyma.

Unexpected Death Due to Intracranial Tumors

UNEXPECTED DEATH DUE TO INTRACRANIAL TUMORS The symptoms caused by intracranial tumors extend over months or years in the great majority of cases. For this reason, brain tumors would not be expecte...

Alloxan Diabetes in Hypophysectomized Rats.

Conclusions 1. Diabetes was produced by the injection of alloxan in 15 of 19 hypophysectomized rats. 2. The diabetes so produced tended to be either transitory or fluctuating in severity and it is suggested that this phenomenon represents the “Houssay effect” seen in tlepancreatized hypophysectomized dogs. 3. Extensive loss of beta cells in the islets of Langerhans was noted in all animals in which satisfactory histological preparations were obtained. The presence of hypophysis is therefore not necessary for the production of what appears to be the essential lesion in alloxan diabetes.

Manual of Basic Neuropathology

This manual is a teaching aid of unusual importance. By means of an easily understood text and well-selected illustrations, it introduces the student to neuropathology and enables him to progress to the larger texts with a minimum of confusion. A special feature is the use of clear and accurate diagrams that give better insight into sequences in neuropathology than many pages of text. As examples, cerebral vascular disease, cerebellar degenerations, Wallerian degeneration, and nerve sheath tumors are remarkably clarified by the diagrams. Rubinsteins translation contributes to the value of the book for American usage, considerably beyond rendering the text into elegant English. He has brought it into conformity with the attitudes of English and American neuropathologists by occasional changes in the text and addition of footnotes. A few revisions represent advances in the two years since the original publication. These discrete alterations obviate the disadvantages of most European texts for

Jakob-Creutzfeldt Disease

The last few years have seen a renewed interest in the clinical features of Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease, its identity among the presenile dementias, its pathology, and very recently its apparent transmission to chimpanzees. Dr. Kirschbaum writes with great authority, for his personal contributions date from the very earliest recognition of the condition and remain fundamental to its understanding. They may well outweigh those of Creutzfeldt, in spite of the eponym. The monograph begins with an excellent brief historical account, followed by a thorough discussion of the clinical manifestations and a clear description of the neuropathology, including electronmicroscopic studies and the suggestion that virological investigations may prove valuable (as, indeed, they have since the book was finished). Over half the volume is devoted to the tabular presentation of 150 cases and detailed descriptions of 17. There is a comprehensive bibliography. The illustrations are carefully chosen and technically good, though reproduced on semimatte

The Remote Effects of Cancer on the Nervous System

Although malignant neoplasms have been known and studied for as long as medical records exist, only for a comparatively short time has the association of such lesions with disorders of the neuromuscular system been recognized as frequent and important. The publications on the subject have been scattered through many journals, with the result that even yet the variety of involvement can be appreciated only with difficulty. The present book brings together in one volume clear and detailed accounts of the clinical and pathologic features of all types so far recognized. Half the book is devoted to the possible mechanisms by which malignant tumors may produce effects at a distance, emphasis being placed on endocrinologic, nutritional, and immune responses. While this portion summarizes and even occasionally extends present knowledge, uncertainty still exists as to how malignant tumors produce degenerations of neural and muscular structures in the absence of metastasis to them.

Greenfield's Neuropathology

The first edition of this book brilliantly filled a long-recognized need for a treatise in neuropathology more complete than student textbooks but still manageable in size. It proved invaluable for resident training in all branches of the neurological sciences and served as an authoritative reference. With its companion volume on tumors of the nervous system by Russell and Rubinstein, it provided remarkably complete coverage of the field. But neuropathology is one of the most rapidly changing specialties in medicine and is going in new directions, largely as the result of technical developments. The prospect of a second edition incorporating the advances of the last five years has excited international interest. A thorough revision has been achieved without significant increase in length. Several of the chapters written by the late editor, Dr. J. Godwin Greenfield, have only been brought up to date, but others, notably that on demyelinating diseases, have been

Mechanisms of Demyelination.

Degeneration of myelin is a process common to an important group of diseases in the nervous system, and in some of them is the first detectable change. Since the cause of most of these conditions is unknown and direct attack thereby precluded, many workers have undertaken in the last 20 years a vigorous investigative program on myelin formation, structure, and breakdown. So much new information has accumulated that even the specialist cannot keep abreast of all of it, especially since many different technical methods have been used. The present monograph is based on a symposium held in 1962 for the purpose of summarizing this new information. Each of the nine chapters is a separate paper by a recognized authority and there is a panel discussion at the end. Topics include the structure and formation of the myelin sheath; the chemistry of myelin and the changes found when it degenerates; the