Oscar N. Rambo

Diuresis and Improved Renal Hemodynamics Produced by Prostaglandin E1 in the Dog with Norepinephrine-Induced Acute Renal Failure

Unilateral acute renal failure was induced in dogs by renal artery infusion of norepinephrine. Renal hemodynamics and function were studied before and 5 days after norepinephrine infusion, and during subsequent renal artery infusion of prostaglandin E1. After norepinephrine, the infused kidney exhibited decreased urine volume, sodium excretion, and creatinine clearance. Cortical blood flow, determined with radioactive microspheres, also decreased. No redistribution of intracortical blood flow occurred. Arteriographically, proximal vessels were constricted and the cortical nephrogram density diminished. During prostaglandin E1 infusion, urine volume, sodium excretion, and cortical blood flow increased. Creatinine clearance did not change significantly. Blood flow was redistributed from the outer third to the inner third of the cortex. Proximal vessels were dilated and the cortical nephrogram density was enhanced. The apparent dissociation of cortical blood flow from creatinine clearance suggests that prostaglandin E1-induced diuresis and natriuresis result from a mechanism other than increased glomerular filtration.

Effect of Timed Occlusions at Various Levels of Mesenteric Arteries and Veins: Correlative Study of Arteriographic and Histologic Patterns of Rat Gut

Vascular disease of the small and large intestine has been of interest to the medical profession for many years. In recent years, as more examples of such disease are recognized, it has assumed even greater importance. The disease has been investigated by means of plain and barium sulfate roentgenograms and by arteriography. The results of these studies have been reported by many authors, including Nelson and Eggleston (5), Schwartz et al. (6, 7), Wang and Reeves (8), and Wolf and Marshak (9). Experimental studies of human and canine mesenteric vascular disease have also been reported (1, 2, 6, 7). With advances in diagnostic arteriography and the introduction of the Seldinger technic, selective catheterization of mesenteric vessels became practical. To our knowledge, however, no systematic experiments have been reported which correlate the histologic and arteriographic patterns of bowel in occlusive disease of the superior mesenteric vessels. In the studies reported here, the histologic changes are compa...

EVALUATION OF CELIOGRAPHY IN RATS.

A radiologic technic for exact delineation of tumors in the peritoneal cavity is not available. Conventional contrast studies of the gut are unsatisfactory for demonstration of intraperitoneal extension of primary and metastatic neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. The introduction of air in pneumoperitoneography (3), parietography (5), and pelvic air studies (7) represented advances in diagnostic technic. Because more detailed roentgenographic demonstration of the peritoneal surfaces of abdominal organs is needed, the use of contrast media for the coating of the peritoneal cavity offers a promising roentgenologic method. Rollino (6) and Birzle (2) have reported the use of water-soluble contrast media in the peritoneal cavities of small animals. Betoulieres and his group (1) obtained roentgenograms by means of supramesocolic injections of water-soluble contrast medium into the peritoneal cavity of normal human subjects, using local anesthetic. The experimental studies were performed on normal rats, ra...