Ouadoudi Zytoune

A Uniform Balancing Energy Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor network, the power supply is, generally, a non-renewable battery. Consequently, energy effectiveness is a crucial factor. To maximize the battery life and therefore, the duration of network service, a robust wireless communication protocol providing a best energy efficiency is required. In this paper, we present a uniform balancing energy routing protocol. In this later the transmission path is chosen for maximizing the whole network lifetime. Every transmission round, only the nodes which have their remaining energies greater than a threshold can participate as routers for other nodes in addition to sensing the environment. This choice allows the distribution of energy load among any sensor nodes; thus extends network lifetime. The experimental results shows that the proposed protocol outperforms some protocols given in the literature.

An energy efficient clustering protocol for routing in Wireless Sensor Network

In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the power supply is generally a non-renewable battery, consequently, energy effectiveness is a crucial factor. To maximise the battery life and therefore the duration of network service, a robust wireless communication protocol providing a best energy efficiency is required. In this paper, we present an Enhanced Low Energy Clustering Protocol for Routing in WSN (ELECP). The ELECP is a decentralised clustering algorithm that can be used in the case where the area sensed data are not perfectly correlated. The technique, used to partition the network, allows the distribution of energy load among any sensor nodes; this extends network lifetime. Simulation results show that the network lifetime is increased largely comparable to existing schemes.

Carrier sense aware multipath geographic routing protocol

Over the last few years, wireless sensor networks have become a great field of interest for the scientific community. This novel kind of network provides an array of applications for different aspects of human life. To give a satisfying performance to the final user, the wireless sensor networks must ensure the quality of service. The use of multipath technique was widely applied in the literature. Nevertheless, there might be a problem if the interference issues are not taken into account by the multipath routing design. In this paper, we propose a novel multipath routing protocol called Carrier Sense Aware Multipath Geographic Routing protocol CSA-MGR. This protocol creates multiple paths while avoiding any shared carrier sense range by using a distributed and dynamic process. In addition, the CSA-MGR employs a new metrics named the Number of Common Neighbors to guarantee a faster and an efficient path construction. Simulations conducted over the NS-2 simulator show promising results in terms of delay, Packet Delivery Ratio and routing overhead. The performance gain of CSA-MGR in terms of delay is up to 275% compared with the Two-Phase geographical Greedy Forwarding and up to 565% compared with the ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector. For the Packet Delivery Ratio, the performance gain of CSA-MGR is up to 16% compared with the Two-Phase geographic Greedy Forwarding and up to 28% compared with the ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector. Copyright

Lifetime maximisation algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network

In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), nodes are battery powered and then they are energy constrained. Network lifetime is the most important characteristics of performance for these networks. In this paper, we propose routing protocols that take into account the battery residual energy in sensor nodes and the energy required for transmission along the path toward the sink, which allows the distribution of energy load among the whole network nodes. Simulation results show that the network lifetimes increases up to 50% for the first node die and up to 114% for the last node die over comparable schemes like MLER protocol.

An evaluation of the TPGF protocol implementation over NS-2

Wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) is one of the hotest topic nowadays which attracts more and more researchers as being an interdisciplinary research interest. Its cost decreases continuously due to advances in micro-electromechanical systems, and the proliferation and progression of wireless communications. However, the transmission of multimedia information must satisfy QoS criteria which increases energy consumption. This issue should be taken into consideration in the protocol design for WMSNs. In this paper, we propose an implementation and an evaluation of the TPGF routing protocol (Two Phase geographical Greedy Forwarding) over the network simulator NS2. The TPGF module over NS-2 is available for the research community. In this evaluation, we compare the TPGF performances with two other protocols: the well known AODV protocol and the EA-TPGF protocol (our previous work on an extension of the TPGF protocol which takes into account the remaining energy of nodes during the process of path identification). The performance metrics measured to evaluate the QoS of each protocol are: delay, PDR, remaining energy of each node at the end of the communication and the standard deviation of remaining energy. Simulations show promising results in terms of network life extension when TPGF is used.

Low energy geographical routing protocol for wireless multimedia sensor networks

The field of wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSN) is attracting more and more research community as an interdisciplinary field of interest. This type of network is low-cost, multifunctional due to advances in micro-electromechanical systems, and the proliferation and progression of wireless communications. However transmit multimedia information captured must satisfy the criteria of QoS , which increases energy consumption, fact that should be taken into consideration in the design of any routing protocols for WMSNs. In this paper we present routing protocol which we call an Energy Aware TPGF (EA-TPGF), that improves the Two Phase geographical Greedy Forwarding (TPGF). The basic idea is to take into account the residual energy of the nodes in the identification of pathways. Simulations and statistics produced by the simulator NeTtopo showing a significant contribution with regard to the extension of the life of the network.

A Novel Energy Aware Clustering Technique for Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Cluster-based architectures are one of the most practical solutions in order to cope with the requirements of large-scale wireless sensor networks (WSN). Cluster-head election problem is one of the basic QoS requirements of WSNs, yet this problem has not been sufficiently explored in the context of cluster-based sensor networks. Specifically, it is not known how to select the best candidates for the cluster head roles. In this paper, we investigate the cluster head election problem, specifically concentrating on applications where the energy of full network is the main requirement, and we propose a new approach to exploit efficiently the network energy, by reducing the energy consumed for cluster forming.

A fairly balanced clustering algorithm for routing in wireless sensor networks

Purpose – Routing protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSN) are a crucial challenge for which the goal is maximizing the system lifetime. Since the sensor nodes are with limited capabilities, these routing protocols should be simple, scalable, energy‐efficient, and robust to deal with a very large number of nodes, and also self‐configurable to node failures and changes of the network topology dynamically. The purpose of this paper is to present a new algorithm for cluster forming in WSN based on the node energy required to transmit to the base station.Design/methodology/approach – Rotation selection of cluster‐head considering the remoteness of the nodes to the sink, and the network node residual energy.Findings – The simulation results show that this algorithm allows network stability extension compared to the most known clustering algorithm.Originality/value – Giving a probability to become cluster‐head based on the remoteness of the node to the sink.

Lifetime optimization for Wireless Sensor Networks

In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), nodes are battery powered, therefore, there are energy constrained. Network lifetime is one of the most important characteristics of performance for wireless sensor networks. A number of routing schemes, energy efficient and energy-aware, have been proposed to maximize the network lifetime. These schemes typically try to find the minimum energy path to optimize energy usage at a node. In this paper, we consider the lifetime maximization problem, we propose a routing protocols that take into account the battery residual energy in sensor nodes and the energy required for transmission along the path 1. For each transmission round, only the nodes which have their remaining energies greater than a threshold can participate as relays for other nodes data in addition to sensing the environment. This choice allows the distribution of energy load among any sensor nodes, thus extends network lifetime. Simulation results show that the network lifetimes is increased largely comparable to Direct and MTE schemes.

A Realistic Multipath Routing for Ad Hoc Networks

Nowadays, a recent trend has emerged in the Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) field. This trend consists of ensuring the best Quality of Experience (QoE) while transferring the multimedia content, as well as keeping an acceptable Quality of Service (QoS) concerning the scalar data transmission. However, ensuring this request needs more flexible and robust protocols at different communication layers. Especially, the network layer must provide an efficient routing protocol with awareness of the interference phenomenon and the carrier sense range effect. In this paper we provide analysis of the carrier sense range effect on multimedia communication in the WMSNs. Therefore, we present a realistic solution at the routing layer to enhance the QoS/QoE while avoiding any type of multipath coupling effect. Our solution differs from the existing approaches that handle the problem at the MAC layer. Simulations conducted over the NS-2 simulator show promising results in terms of delay, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and QoE.