P. S. Rosa

Avaliação de materiais alternativos em substituição à maravalha como cama de aviário

Aiming to evaluate alternative materials to be used as broiler litter reutilization, six consecutive lots of 5,600 female broilers were allocated to 35 pens. The treatments consisted of seven types of litter materials: wood shavings, rice husk, ground corncob, chopped camerongrass, chopped soybean straw, chopped corn stalk and sawdust, each one with five replications. In the birds, it was evaluated the average body weight, feed consumption and in the litter, it was evaluated the contents of N, Ca, P and pH. The presence of salmoella, the eimeria oocists counting in the litter, and the gut birds lesions score at slaughter were also observed. The use of alternative materials evaluated as litter, per six concecutive lots, as a alternative for wood shavings did no prejudice the performance of broilers. These materials, by presenting mineral values higher than wood shavings, after discarding, could be used as culture fertilizers.

Triticale em dietas para frangos de corte

A study was carried out to determine the best replacement level of corn by triticale in diets for broilers. A total of 1,560 one-day old birds, both male and female, were used in the study from 1 to 42 days of age. The experimental design was in random blocks with five treatments: 0, 25, 50, 75% of replacement of corn by triticale, and a fifth diet containing basically triticale and soybean meal. There were 12 replicates per treatment, six with males and six with females. All diets were isocaloric and isoproteic. There was an effect of sex (P 0.05). According to the results, it is possible to replace up to 75% of corn by triticale, without negatively affect the performance of broilers. The use of triticale will be economically possible for broiler of both sexes, when its cost represents 63, 46 and 45% of price of corn, for substitution levels of 25, 50 and 75%, respectively. Although showing worst performance, total substitution of corn by triticale is advantajous if triticale price is up till 42% corn price.

Estimativas das Exigências de Lisina e de Energia Metabolizável em Frangos de Corte de 1 a 21 dias de Idade, Utilizando-se uma Variável Multivariada Canônica

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of metabolizable lysine (LM) and metabolizable energy (EM) on uni and multivariable of performance and carcasses of broilers, maintaining the ideal protein balance. Were used 2808 male chicks from a commercial line from 1 to 21 days and allotted to 104 pens. The treatments resulted from a factorial arrangement of three ME levels (3,000, 3,100 and 3,200 kcal/kg) and four LM levels (0.92, 1.02, 1.12 and 1.22%) plus another treatment on which amino acids were supplied on total basis. Eight replicates per treatment were installed according to the initial weight. Diets were based in corn and soybean meal plus crystalline amino acids. The studied variables were related with the performance, tissue deposition and the multivariate canonical variable (CAN). The last was created from primary variables such as weight gain, feed intake and protein deposition in carcasses. There was significant effect for LM, ME and the interactions on performance tissue deposition and CAN. By the broken line model, CAN allowed to estimate LM requirement at 1.18% when the diet has 3,000 kcal of ME/kg. In this work, among studied models, the linear was better to estimate the requirement at 1.22 % of LM when diets contained 3,100 or 3,200 kcal ME/kg, not reaching the optimum level, that could be at higher level.

Comparação de diluentes, diluições e tempo de armazenamento do sêmen sobre fertilidade, eclodibilidade e nascimento de pintos em matrizes pesadas

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar o melhor diluente, a diluicao e o tempo de armazenamento para semen de galo. Um total de 60 galos e 630 galinhas com 55 semanas de idade foi artificialmente inseminado, uma vez por semana, por seis semanas consecutivas, utilizando-se 0,05 mL de semen/galinha. Os tratamentos foram: T1 = semen diluido com diluente comercial-DC; T2 = semen diluido com diluente Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender-BPSE; T3 = semen diluido com solucao de Lake-LAKE; e T4 = semen fresco puro (Testemunha). Os niveis de diluicao (D) foram D=0 (nao-diluido), D=2 (1 parte de semen: 2 partes de diluente) e D = 4 (1 parte de semen: 4 partes de diluente). O tempo de repouso (H) do semen foi H = 0, sem repouso, H = 1, IA 1 hora apos a coleta e H=24, IA 24 horas apos a coleta (conservado em refrigerador entre 2 e 5°C). Os ovos foram avaliados por ovoscopia e ao nascer com quebra de ovos nao-eclodidos. O semen puro, nao-diluido e sem repouso, produziu os melhores resultados para fertilidade e nascimento, 87,2 e 79,5%, respectivamente. As medias de fertilidade e nascimento de pintos para semen diluido na proporcao 1:2, com 2 horas de repouso, foram 84,8 e 76,3; 81,7 e 73,6; e 76,0 e 65,9%, respectivamente, para os diluentes LAKE, DC e BPSE. Quando se usou semen diluido, a diluicao 1:2 produziu melhor resultado que 1:4. O periodo de repouso do semen, apos a diluicao, deve ser o menor possivel. O diluente de Lake apresentou os melhores resultados entre os diluientes, equiparando-se ao uso de semen puro nao-diluido e inseminado logo apos a coleta.