P Secchiari

Comparison of fatty acid profile in lamb meat and baby food based on lamb meat

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the fatty acid (FA) profile of fresh lamb mea with those of baby foods based on lamb meat. For this purpose, samples of commercial homogenized (HO) and (LIO) baby food based on lamb meat and fresh lamb meat (FM) were analyzed lyophilized for their FA composition. All fatty acids, except for oleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), differed among the three baby products tested. The sum of omega-6 FA and the ratio omega 6/omega 3 FA were lower in FM and LIO meat compared to HO samples. The content of total PUFA n-3 was the highest in FM, because of its highest content of C18:3 n3, EPA, DPA and DHA compared to LIO and HO baby food. The content of arachidonic acid was more than 6-fold higher in FM compared to LIO and HO. This study evidenced the possibility of enhancing the FA profile of commercial baby food based on lamb meat by using meat with healthier FA profile. t

Fatty acids composition of Colonnata Lard from two different swine breeds

Abstract The study compares the fatty acid composition of the Colonnata lard obtained from two different swine breeds, Large White (LW) and Cinta Senese (CS), during a one year long curing period. Samples of backfat were obtained from the carcass of three animals per breed and disposed into six different marble boxes according to the procedure of the disciplinary production of PGI “Lardo di Colonnata”. During curing period individual lard samples were collected monthly from each marble box. The fatty acid composition of pig backfat reflected the differences in the dietary regimen and in the rearing system of the two breeds. LW swine, in fact, were fed a commercial concentrate and reared in an intensive system, whereas CS swine were fed a diet composed by a commercial concentrate supplemented with acorn and reared in an outdoor system. Lard from LW contained higher amount of saturated fatty acids than lard from CS, whereas the content of unsaturated fatty acids (mainly monounsaturated fatty acids) was lower. During the curing period the trend of lard fatty acids composition was different in the two breeds: the lard from CS seemed to be more susceptible to a faster hydrolysis of fatty acids than lard from LW, especially for the monounsaturated fatty acids, while the lard from LW seemed to be more susceptible to a faster hydrolysis of PUFA n-3.

Development of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and C18:1 content during in vitro rumen fermentation of dried and green forage

Milk and dairy products contain important compounds which are strongly related to the kind and quality of feeds. Milk fat is a source of potential anticarcinogens as the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers. Cis9, trans11 CLA is the major isomer, named “rumenic acid” (RA), because is synthesised during rumen fermentation by Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens that isomerise linoleic acid to conjugated isomers. Next step of biohydrogenation is the reduction to trans11 C18:1 (vaccenic acid, VA). During rumen fermentation, also, trans C18:1 fatty acids can be synthesised as a result of polyunsaturated fatty acids reduction, some of them responsible for milk fat depression in dairy cows.........

Effects of supplementation with linseed and olive cake on fatty acid composition and lipid oxidation of lamb meat

Bearing in mind the objectives of this study to investigate the Barbary sheep fertility under our climatic conditions and to evaluate the efficiency of the prostaglandin f2α(pgf2α)injections in induction of fertile estrus in different seasons. For these objectives, some experiments were performed during the period from July,2008 to March, 2009. A total number of 300 Libyan Barbary ewes(3-6 years old, weighing 40-60 kg) was used in this experiment. Ewes were kept in privet farms, fed and managed similarly. Ewes were divided to four season groups(summer, autumn, winter and spring groups). Each season group was divided into treated and control. Animals in the treated groups were injected with double injections of 125 μg of prostaglandin f2α intramuscularly(i/m), 11 days apart. While those in control groups were injected with two injections of 1.0 ml of 0.9% NACL saline solution simultaneously with the treated ewes. At the same day (day 11) rams wearing painted sponges on their briskets regions were introduced for natural mating. Treated groups showed shorter estrus response time than control groups in all seasons(P<0.05). Estrus duration was longer in winter and spring than in summer and autumn (P<0.001),but no difference was found between treated and control groups inside seasons. Treated group showed higher pregnancy rate(P<0.001) in winter season than control group. Percentage of ewes lambed in winter was significantly high (P<0.001) among treated ewes than control (80 vs 38%). Lambing rate differed significantly (P<0.001) among treated groups in all seasons. Data were collected and calculated statistically using SPSS system for percentages, means, standard deviation(mean ± sd) analysis of variance (anova), Chi square and Dunacan’s test were used accordingly. Other values were measured, calculated and analyzed similarly. Adoption of technology in sheep farms of La Mancha, Spain J. Rivas1, C. De Pablos2, J. Perea1, C. Barba1, R. Dios-Palomares1, M. Morantes1 and A. García1 1Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, 14014, Córdoba, Spain, 2Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Paseo de los Artilleros, 28034, Madrid, Spain; pa1gamaa@uco.es Recently in Spain the milk production coming from sheep farms shows higher degrees of specialization based on the adoption of technologies. The aim of this research is to examine the pattern of adoption of technologies in sheep farms of La Mancha. Based on previous researches, from 77 questions, only 38 questions were selected by using qualitative and participatory methods; the chosen variables were grouped into six technology packages (TP): management, feeding, animal health and milk quality, pasture and land use, equipment and facilities, and reproduction and breeding program. The survey was applied to a sample of 157 farms. Using descriptive statistics each TP was characterized and the pattern of adoption was determined. The average of technologies adopted was of 18.4±6.0 (48.3%). TP showing higher degrees of implementation are animal health and milk quality (67.8%), feeding (56.0%) and management (55.7%), but their adoption is not sequential or responds to independent events. This research facilitates the identification of a number of technologies that must be implemented from an organizational strategy point of view. Moreover, all technologies are seeking a dynamic balance system that allows firms migrate to more efficient processes without losing their main attributes. As a technological challenge, an andrologic evaluation of ram, gynecologic evaluation of ewes prior to mating, early detection of non-productive animals are proposed; and a better use of productive records for the decision-making; aspects are recommended. The results of this analysis will have an impact on future research that attempts to improve the use of subproducts, forage reserves and improved rangeland management and hygiene control system, taking the quality milk as an strategic asset, so further research is necessary to assess the impact of each technology on the operating of the mixed system in the Mancha region. Session 40 Poster 20 Session 40 Poster 19In Italy, as in other European countries, since 2005 a program of selection for scrapie resistance in sheep, based on the PRNP polymorphism, has been implemented with the aim of increasing ARR ‘resistant’ allele and eliminating VRQ ‘susceptible’ allele. In a small breed, the ARR-carriers may be more related to each other than ranndomly chosen animals; as a consequence, for an equal number of reproducers the effective size may be smaller than expected in a pure genetic drift condition (1). In the Sambucana sheep breed (reared in Piemonte region, north-west Italy) the ARR allele frequency was higher than in other breeds, like Biellese for example, before the selection plan started (2). On the other hand, due to the reduced number of animals (3500), this breed is considered at risk of extinction (Piemonte Regional Rural Development Plan for 2007-2013 period). The aim of the present investigation was to evalute the impact of scrapie resistance selection on genetic variation of the Sambucana. INTRODUCTIONCONCLUSIONS During the last decade there has been growing scientific interest in the use of genomic information as an additional tool in conventional dairy cows’ breeding schemes. It is now well established that dairy cows’ fertility has declined during the last decades and this may not be remedied only by improved management. Given that there is a substantial genetic background in this decline, emphasis should be placed in efforts to improve dairy cows’ fertility through genetic selection. Although there are substantial genetic effects that contribute to this infertility, little progress has been made on the identification of major genes affecting reproduction traits. There is an urgent need to identify the genetic factors responsible for the decline in fertility in cattle. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of two specific polymorphisms, the SNP12195 and SNP11646 polymorphisms of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5A (STAT5A) and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2) genes respectively with fertility in cattle. These genes have been previously reported to be associated with in vitro fertilization and embryonic survival rate in cattle.In European grasslands, grazing and mowing regimes are major drivers of the maintenance of many wild species, either through direct or indirect effects. To date, both types of effects were studied separately, mainly at the field scale and with no quantification of performance. Objective of this study was to model the trade-offs between ecological and productive performance of a grassland agro-ecosystem at two nested scales i.e. field and farm scales. We developed a dynamic model linking grass dynamics controlled by grazing or mowing to stochastic population dynamics of two grassland bird species. Bird dynamics were driven by both direct and indirect effects of management. Viable control framework was used to predict productive and ecological performance. At field scale, results showed that the best ecological performance was obtained at intermediate levels of productive performance (60 to 108 grazing days /ha /year). Above 108 grazing days, no grazing strategy was viable for either species due to the negative direct effects of management. Between 108 and 240 grazing days, the ecological-productive relationship showed a concave Pareto like frontier. Any improvement in productive performance entailed a strong decrease in ecological performance. As expected, at farm scale the best ecological performance was obtained with extensive farms. However, the ecological-productive relationship showed a convex Pareto like frontier indicating the occurrence of compensations among management regimes. In intensive farms, it was necessary to allocate 40% of farm area in low-intensity grazing in order to compensate for the negative effects of mowing and high-intensity grazing on birds. However this land allocation involved a 25% reduction in productive performance. Finally, we explore several forms of complementarities among farm types to improve overall performance.