Patrícia Colombo-Souza

Fatores associados a alteração da linguagem em crianças pré-escolares

PURPOSE: To identify factors related to language disorders among social and nutritional variables in preschoolers. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with 126 children from the south region of the city of Sao Paulo, with ages ranging from 6 months to 6 years. The Denver II Developmental Screening Test was administered to detect the risk for language disorders. The test results were compared to the following variables: age, gender, mothers level of education, child nutritional status, number and order of childrens birth, and anemia. Results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS:According to the Denver II test, 18.3% of the 126 participants were at risk for language disorders, and 9.5% presented anemia. No differences were found between risk and non-risk groups regarding age, nutritional status, gender, and mothers education. Differences were found between groups regarding number of children per family, birth order, and presence of anemia. CONCLUSION: The risk for disorders in language acquisition and development was higher in the group with anemia, in the eldest children, and in the children with less than four siblings. Similar studies are necessary to detect possible deviations in language development and, consequently, in the childs learning process and future social performance.

Analysis of hospitalization occurred due to motorcycles accidents in São Paulo city

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the motorcycle accidents occurred in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil in the year 2013, with emphasis on information about hospital admissions from SIH/SUS. METHODS: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. The study covered 5,597 motorcyclists traumatized in traffic accident during the year 2013 occurred in the city of São Paulo. A survey was conducted using secondary data from the Information System of Hospitalization Health System (SIH/SUS). RESULTS: In 2013, in the city of São Paulo there were 5,597 admissions of motorcyclists traumatized in traffic accidents, of which 89.8% were male. The admission diagnosis were: leg fracture, femur fracture, and intracranial injury. CONCLUSION: This study confirms other preliminary studies on several points, among which stands out the highest prevalence of male young adults. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.

Timing of school meals as a predisposing factor for childhood overweight and obesity

Aims Childhood obesity is emerging as a relevant public health concern because a significant proportion of obese children will become obese in adulthood. The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has increased in developed and developing nations. This study aimed to verify the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren from primary schools in an urban–rural peripheral region of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with 2039 6- to 10-year-old children. The body mass index in z-scores (BMI z-score) were measured and tested for possible associations between variables such as gender, age, school grade and time of day. Results The average age of the children was 8.5 years. We found a higher frequency of overweight children (16.4%) than obese children. There were no differences observed between schools. In the overweight group, we found higher z-scores in children from the first and third grades and no differences in the obese group. Moreover, the BMI z-score was higher in the overweight children in the first time of day and for the obese children in the third time of day. Conclusions The children studied in the third time of day (3–7 p.m.) had a high BMI z-score. Being overweight was more prevalent than obesity in children. Moreover, the frequency of obesity in boys was higher than in girls. Anthropometric surveillance of obesity and lifestyle changes are necessary to control excessive weight gain in childhood.

Avaliação do peso corporal em portadores de cardiopatias congênitas

Introduction: The congenital heart defects are classified, according to hemodynamic repercussion, in acyanotic (no mixture between oxygenated and non-oxygenated fractions in the systemic circulation) and cyanotic (with mixture of the fractions). Objective: To investigate possible changes in body weight in children with congenital acyanotic or cyanotic, during the pre and post-surgery periods. Methods: It was evaluated 40 children, aged 2-6 years diagnosed with congenital cyanotic or acyanotic. Results: There were significant differences in the acyanotic group, showing that on average the children were -3.2% of ideal weight preoperatively rising to 3.7% in the third return after surgery. However, there were no significant differences in the cyanotic group. There were also no differences when comparing both groups in relation to variations in the percentage calculated from the real and ideal weights, in the pre-and postoperative. Conclusion: The study suggests that there is a significant relationship between changes in body weight and acyanotic cardiomyopathy.