Paul Friedrich

Dialectal Variation in Tarascan Phonology

0. This sketch, part of a nearly completed segmental phonology, has four main purposes. The first is to state the main phonetic results of a fairly comprehensive dialectological survey involving systematic data from 26 villages, plus more intensive work on six such dialects; numerous isoglosses were established on the basis of which a major dichotomy and fourteen specific regions were posited. The second purpose is to state the dialectal variation in the segmental phonology with the end of showing how different villages differentially realize the formal potential of the phonological system. The third purpose is to indicate some of the ways phonological variation is associated with specific social and historical factors. The final conclusions deal with the relation between dialectal variation and the

The Language Parallax: Linguistic Relativism and Poetic Indeterminacy

Paul Friedrich: An Appreciation, by William Bright Acknowledgments 1. Introduction 2. A Background History of Linguistic Relativism 3. Linguistic Relativism and Poetic Indeterminacy: A Reformulation of Sapirs Position 4. Indeterminacy in Linguistic Fieldwork 5. The Poetry of Language in the Politics of Dreams 6. The Unheralded Revolution in the Sonnet: Toward a Generative Model 7. The Poem as Parallactic Position: Seven Poems 8. Linguistic Relativity and the Order-to-Chaos Continuum 9. Toward an Improved Theory of Linguistic Relativism and Poetic Indeterminacy Notes Bibliography Permission Notices Index of Names and Titles Subject Index

Veiled Sentiments: Honor and Poetry in a Bedouin Society

Abu-Lughod first published Veiled sentiments in 1986 and conducted her anthropological fieldwork in the 1970s. She lived for two years with the Awald ‘Ali Bedouins of Egypt’s western desert frontier with Libya. This influential work in anthropology needs to be understood as a part of the debate of the 1980s, when Writing culture marked an important post-structuralist turn in anthropology. Abu-Lughod contributed by showing the awkward relationship between anthropology and feminism. “Writing Against Culture” and Veiled sentiments, illustrated a new way of writing feminist anthropology. Veiled sentiments begins by clearly positioning the author as she enters the field: she is unmarried, her father is from Jordan, her mother from the US – as she puts it, she is a “halfie”. We are introduced to the world she is entering when we understand the significance of her father having established her connections to the field, which gives her the respect and status needed to study and live among the Awald ‘Ali, and more specifically with the respected patriarch, the Haj, and his family. Although this is important, it is up to anthropologists themselves to develop their relationships once they enter the field – something Abu-Lughod does gracefully. She becomes part of the sphere of women – because gender segregation is practised – and this perspective reveals the hierarchy of the family, marriage patterns and political structures, as well as the relationships between the genders and between different age groups. Abu-Lughod forms personal relationships with the women when she washes clothes, witnesses childbirth, cooks, is present during times of grief and wedding celebrations, and is a part of “the joys of a sociable world in which people hug and talk and shout and laugh without fear of losing one another” (p. xiii). Parallels can be made with Beverly Chinas’ book, The Isthmus Zapotecs: A Matrifocal Culture of Mexico (Harcourt Brace, 1991), where Chinas distinguishes between the public and the private spheres in society, and how women harness power in the private sphere. Using the discourse of male honour and female modesty, Abu-Lughod illustrates the power and freedom that is harnessed by women through everyday forms of resistance. Much like Saba Mahmood’s work on piety, what is shown is not repressed Muslim women needing to be liberated

On linguistic anthropology : essays in honor of Harry Hoijer, 1979

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How relevant is homeric “relevance”?

Abstract In a recent article in Acta Linguistica Hafniensia:International Journal of Linguistics Hafniensia, the Columbia linguist, William Diver, argued in an apparently interesting way that classical grammarians have often assumed a great deal of randomness (non-predictability) in Homers selection of verbal categories. Such acceptance of randomness has been particularly striking in the case of the two tense-aspect categories, imperfect and aorist, and of the two voice categories, active and middle, where grammarians allege that the “wrong” form is used hundreds of times in the Iliad and the Odyssey. Diver proposes “to explain the non-random character of the observable phenomena [i.e., the written forms]... in connection with the particular messages being communicated”. More particularly, he claims that Homer in his use of these morphological forms was aiming at a certain kind of meaning which may be called “relevance”: “... the system of relevance tells us to what extent this particular lexical meaning...